1、完整版)比较级、祈使句、感叹句、反义疑问句 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,—ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est; (1)单音节词 如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest (2)双音节词 如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narr
2、owest 2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加—r,最高级在原级后加-st; 如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest 3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加—er,最高级加-est; 如: big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加—er,最高级加-est; 如:easy→easier→easiest he
3、avy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest 5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most; 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily 注意:形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。 例句: The
4、Sahara is the biggest desert in the world。 6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 如:good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthe
5、st/farthest 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法: 1。 原级的用法:用于两者之间对比,意思为“……和……相同”相当于the same as… 肯定句:A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as B Tom is as honest as Jack。 Jack runs as fast as Peter。 否定句:A+动词。+not as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one. 2. 比较级的用法: 1)A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ B Susan
6、 is happier than Jane。 Lily run faster than Mary 注:形容词/副词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little,far, a lot, a bit来修饰. 2)数字(倍数)+形容词/副词比较级+than I’m two years older than you。 Our classroom is twice bigger than yours. 3)比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……” The earth is getting warmer and warmer。 4)the +比较级,the +比
7、较级,表示“越……, 就越……” The more, the better. 越多越好.(多多益善) 3. 最高级用法: 用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词,序数词和名词所有格时,不加定冠词,后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。 1)one of the +最高级 Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 2)比较级句型表达最高级意义 A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B(单数) 如:The Changjiang River is longer th
8、an any other river in China。 A+动词+比较级+than+the other+B(复数) 如:The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China。 以上两句意思相当于:The Changjiang River is the longest river in China。 一. 写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级: 1。 nice ______________________ 2. fat ____________________3. slo
9、w _________________ 4. dry ____________________5. happy ____________________ 6. wet ___________________ 7. much ____________________ 8。 ill _____________________9。 little __________________ 10。 bad ___________________11。 thin ______________________ 12. far __________________ 13。 early _____
10、 14。 careful_________________15。 exciting ______________ 二、根据句意,用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空: 1、The Changjiang River is the_____(long)river in China. 2、Sue is a little_____(beautiful) than her sister 3、My room is not as_____(big)as my brother's 4、—-How difficult is physics?--I'm not sur
11、e ——Is it____(difficult)than maths?--I don't think so 5、—-Annie plays the piano very______(well)。Sue plays it _____(well)than Annie。 And Sally plays it the_____(well). 6、Saturday is my______(busy)day in a week. 7、Her mother is getting _________(fat)and _______(fat). 8、I think it's too expensive.
12、 I’d like a_______(cheap)one. 9、He comes to school much _______(early) than I. 10、This book is not as_______(interesting)as that one。 11、Your classroom is _______(wide)and________(bright)than ours. 12、Practise as ______(much) as you can. 13、The ______(much),the_______(good). 14、Nowadays Englis
13、h is _________(important)than any other subject,i think。 15、Most of the students think a lion is much_________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the__________(dangerous)animal in the world. 16、An orange is a little ______(big)than an apple,but much______(small) than a watermelon. 三、用所给词的正确形式填空:
14、1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever). 2。 Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3。 My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I。 4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child. 5。 The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones。
15、 6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five。 7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings ____ (well), she sings ____(well) than John, but Mary sings_____(well) in her class. 9。 She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house. 四、翻译句子: 1、谁比Jim年纪大?是你。
16、 is _________than Jim? ________ are 2、谁比David更强壮?是Gao Shan.________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________. 3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。 _________ pencil is _________,______or________?________is,I think. 4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的? 我的弟弟的. _________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or
17、your _______? My ____________ 。 5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗?是的。_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am. 6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim。 7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗?不,她比他瘦. ________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______? No, _________ _________ than him. 8。Yang Ling每
18、天睡得比SuYang晚。 Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day。 9。我跳得和Mike一样远。 I _________ as _______ as Mike. 10.Tom比你跑得快吗?不是的,他和我跑得一样快. ____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____. 11.多做运动,你会更强壮。 ________ more exercise,you’ll ________ _________
19、soon. 12。我的科学很好,但是语文不好。 I ______ ________ at Science.But I don't _________ well in Chinese。 13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗?不,我比他放得低. ____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___. 14。我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢. I like_______。All my______ _______ _______than me。 15。我的姐姐起得比我早。My_____ ____
20、 up _____than me. 16。女孩比男孩唱得好吗?是的.____the girls______ ______ ______the boys? Yes,they ____。 17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。 She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE。 But I don’t ______ _____than_____。 18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗?不,他们踢得和我一样好。 ___ you ____football _____than your classmates? No,they____as____as me. 1
21、9.我母亲比我父亲年纪小.My_____ _____ ______than my ______. 20。她的毛衣和我的一样重。_____sweater_____ as_______as_____。 21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。My dress____ too____。 I want to _____a______one。 22. I’m taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较) I’m _________ as ________ as Mike . 反意疑问句 1. 反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所儒术的
22、事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。如: You have been to Beijing, haven’t you? 你去过北京,不是吗? 2. 反意疑问句的两种基本句型 基本句型 例句 肯定陈述句 + 否定简略问句 Lucy is from England, isn’t she? 否定陈述句 + 肯定简略问句 Ann doesn’t like apples, does she? 注意:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简单的问句。完成后一部分简单问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致. 1
23、 反意疑问句用法说明 (1) 简单句式结构中反意疑问句的运用 ① 当陈述句部分的主语是名词时,反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替.如: Your brother has gone to the library, hasn’t he? ② 当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时,反意疑问句的主语用it代替;指示代词是these, those时,反意疑问句的主语用they代替。如: That isn’t a useful book, is it? These are important reading materials, aren’t they? 这些都是
24、重要的阅读材料,不是吗? ④ 当陈述部分是everyone / everybody, someone / somebody, no one / nobody, none等表示人的不定代词时,反意疑问句部分的主语多用they (但有时也可用he);当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时,反意疑问句部分的主语用it。如: Nobody came when I was out, did they? 我在外时,没人来过,是吗? Everything has gone wrong, hasn’t it? 今天什么都出
25、问题了,是不是? ⑤ 当陈述部分是“there be + 主语 + 其他”结构时,反意疑问句部分要用“be (not) + there”结构。如: There are some bananas in the basket, aren’t there? ⑥ 当陈述部分有hardly (几乎不), seldom (很少), few (少,几乎无,修饰可数名词), little (很少,几乎无,修饰不可数名词), no, never (从不), nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定词或半否定词时,反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式.如: He hardly remembers h
26、is old friend’s name, does he? ⑦ 如果陈述句部分有单词带否定前缀或后缀时,反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构。如: It’s impossible for him to make such a mistake, isn’t it? 他不可能犯这样的错误,不是吗? (2) 复合句结构中反意疑问句的运用 ① 一般情况下,陈述句部分是主从复合句时,反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主 句中的主语和谓语保持一致.如: This is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn't it? 这是他第二次去日本,
27、不是吗? ② 在宾语从句中,如果陈述句部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等) + 宾 语从句",反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,并要注意否定转移。如: I don't think you have heard of him before, have you? 我认为你以前没有听说过他,是吗? 注:当think等这些动词的主语不是第一人称,或主语是第一人称,而动词时态不是一般现时或一般过去时,这时,反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。如: Mary thinks you will come
28、to the party, doesn’t she? ③ 当陈述句部分为主语从句时,反意疑问句的主语用it.如: That she didn’t pass the entrance exam made his parents very angry, didn’t it? 他没有通过入学考试使得他的父母十分生气,不是吗? (3) 祈使句结构中反意疑问句的运用 祈使句反意疑问句的构成,必须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其反意部分,有四 种形式. ① 祈使句的肯定形式,疑问部分用will you或won't you皆可。如: Be sure to write to us, wi
29、ll you? 一定要给我们写信,好吗? Come to have dinner with us this evening, won't you? 今晚跟我们一起来吃饭,好吗? ② 祈使的否定形式,其反意疑问句通常只用will you构成。如: Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? ③ Let开关的祈使句,构成反意疑问句时,let’s用shall we构成反意疑问句,其他均用will you.如: Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后,我们去散步,好吗? (表建议) Let
30、the boy go first, will you? 让那男孩先走,好吗? Let us know your address, will you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗? (表请求) ④ 当陈述部分含有used to (过去常常)时,附加问句部分的谓语可用use(d)n’t或didn’t。 一、选择。 1. The bus is always late,_________? A. is not it B。 isn't it C。 isn’t the bus D. doesn’t it 2。 The boy can read and write
31、 A。 can’t he B。 doesn't he C。 do him D。 can he 3。 Let’s have a rest, _________ ? A. will you B。 won’t you C. shall we D。 shall you 4。 There is a little water in the bottle,__________? A. is there B。 isn't there C。 is it D. isn’t it 5。
32、Nobody would agree with this plan,___________? A。 did they B。 would they C。 didn’t they D。 wouldn’t they 6. Let us know your new address,__________? A. shall we B. will you C. won't you D. will we 7。 I don’t suppose he will come,_________? A. do I B. will he
33、 C. won't he D。 don’t I 8. Don't smoke here, ______?A. do you B。 will they C. won’t you D。 will you 9. There is nothing wrong with your computer,__________? A. isn't there B. is it C。 is there D。 isn't it 10. You can hardly see anything in the dark room, ________
34、 A。 can’t you B。 can you C. don’t you D. do you 11.Something is wrong with my computer, ___________? 12. Everything goes well, ___________? 13. I think he’s wrong, ___________? 14。 I don’t believe he will come, _________? 15。 Don’t forget to put the book back on the shelf, ______
35、 二、填空。 1。 It’s Wednesday today, __________ it? 2。 They go to school by bus, __________ ? 3. He got the first prize, ______________? 4. The bus wasn’t late yesterday, ___________? 5. May doesn't come to the party, _____________? 6. You didn’t spend your summer holiday in Beijing last year,
36、 ___________? 7。 Stop talking, __________? 8. Don't be late again, ________? 9。 Let’s go to school by bus, _________? 10。 Let us wait until 5:00,_________? 感叹句 英语感叹句一般由what/how引导, 具体句型如下: 1、 What 1) What + a / an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数+ 主 + 谓 + ··· ! What a fine day it is today ! What an ho
37、nest man his father is ! 2) What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 主 + 谓 + ··· ! What tall trees they are ! What good students the boys are ! 3) What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主 + 谓 + ··· ! What cold water it is ! What delicious milk it is ! 2、how + adj。/adv.+主语+谓语! e。g: How careless she is!(She is very careles
38、s。) How fast he runs!(He runs very fast.) How cold it is today ! How clever the boy is ! 3、 How + 形容词 + a / an + 名词 + 主 + 谓 + ··· ! How clever a boy he is ! How funny an elephant it is ! 注意:3.what +a/an + adj。 + 单数名词=how + adj。 + a/an + 单数名词 e.g: What a wonderful surprise it is!=How wond
39、erful a surprise it is! What an intelligent boy he is!=How intelligent a boy he is! Exercises: 一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。 1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2).________cute dog it is! 3)。________ interesting the story is! 4)。________ bad the weather in England is! 5)。________ honest boy
40、 Tom is ! 6)。________ tasty smell the cake gave off! 7).________ good time we had on the beach yesterday! 8).________ exciting news you’ve brought us! 9).________cool your new car is! 10)。________ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。 1. _______ fast the boy ran! A。 How B。 How an C。
41、What D. What an 2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C。 How, what D. What, how 3。 ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more。 A. How B。 How an C. What D. What an 4. _______ fools they w
42、ere! They believed what the man said。 A. How B。 How an C. What D. What an 5. _______ foolish they were! They believed what the man said。 A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 6。 _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them。 A. How B。 How
43、 an C. What D。 What an 7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her! A. How B. How an C。 What D。 What an 8。 _______ lovely weather we are having these days! A。 How B。 How an C。 What D。 What an 9. _______ beautiful your new dr
44、ess is! A. How B. How an C。 What D。 What an 10. _______ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B。 How an C. What D. What an 11. _______ fine the weather is ! A。 What a B。 What C。 How D. How a 5. _______ exciting film we saw
45、yesterday ! 8. What a B. How a C. How an D. What an 13. _______ great fun they had ! A. What a B。 What C。 How D. How a 14. _____ heavy rain it was ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How a 15. ___________ fun place to go Shanghai is ! 二) What a B. What
46、 C. How D. How a 16. ______ happy life the old live ! A. What a B。 What C。 How D。 How a 17. ____________ nice fish they cooked ! A。 What a B. What C. How D。 How a 18. _________ blue the sky is! A. What a B。 What C。 How D。 How a 19. _____
47、 dangerous the animals are ! A. What a B. What C。 How D。 How a 20. ____ good time we are having ! A。 What a B。 What C. How D。 How a 三、所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句: 1。 The boy swam very fast.(同义句) _______ _______ the boy swam! 2. The school trip is very exciting.
48、同义句) _____ ______ the school trip is! 3。 Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter。 (同义句) _______ _______ Hei Longjiang looks in winter! 4。 It is a very useful dictionary。 (同义句) _______ _______ _______ dictionary it is! _______ _______ _______ dictionary is! 5。 The students are listen
49、ing very carefully. _______ ________ the students are listening! 四、将下面句子改为感叹句: 1.He is a very good boy。 2.He came to school very early this morning. 3.It's exciting news。 4。We have very wonderful story-books。 5。Tom will buy a new bicycle。 同义句转换: 1. What a small egg she has!= _____ _____ ___
50、 _____ she has! 2。How beautiful a car!=_____ _____ _____ _____! 祈使句 一.祈使句的句式特征 祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等.因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you.祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调.在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。例如: Keep off the grass!勿踩草地! Put the boxes in the sm






