英语写作技巧与写作注意事项样本.doc

第 七 讲：英 语 写 作 （二）

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大作文

往年试题：
Directions: write a composition of no less than 250 words according to the outline given below.

Sample 1
My View on Playing Computer Games
1. 有些人认为学生打电脑游戏有利于智力开发。
2. 有些人认为学生打电脑游戏妨碍学习。
3. 我见解。

Sample 2：对贫富差距加大现象谈谈见解

评分标准
Global scoring
a. Content
b. Language

2分: 条理不清， 思绪紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子全部有错误，且多数为严重错误。
5分：基础切题。表示思想不清，连贯性差。有较多严重语言错误。
8分：有些地方表示思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误较多，其中有部分严重错误。
11分：切题。表示思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少许语言错误
14分：切题。表示思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基础上没有语言错误，仅有部分小错。

注：白卷，作文和题目毫不相关，或只有多个独立词而无法表示思想，给0分。

严重错误——语法错误
There are many reasons caused the accident.
The driver of the car no in.
The life is becoming gooder and gooder.
That day rain bigly.
The man who through the street
The car which in a fast speed hit him.
The car which in a fast speed hit him.
I got the place where happened the accident.
Our city would happen many traffic.

写作注意事项

1. 审好题，想好再写，不要写了又划掉，也不要写完了发觉字数不够有写，这么整篇文章就不联贯了。
2. 把握好文章重心，通常“我见解”应该是重心。
3. 注意写作格式——缩进式或齐头式。
4. 拿不准词、短语或使用方法应避免使用。
5. 表示要清楚、简练，无须一味追求结构复杂而尽可能多使用从句，这么文章会显得很罗嗦。如：The economy is developing at a speed which is very fast.
6. 注意用词和搭配。
7. 检验-s和-ed，尽可能避免严重错误。

Choice of Words
1. Three levels of English words
English native words (core) informal (oral)
French or Spanish words
Latin or Greek words (academic words) formal (written)

Examples
English French or Spanish Latin or Greek
ask inquire interrogate
break sever separate
fire flame conflagration
house abode residence
kingly royal regal
manly male masculine
rise mount ascend
time age epoch

I know that I am aware that
I believe that I am convinced that
I have a good idea. A good idea occurs to me.
Cause give rise to
Emphasize lay emphasis on
Because of due to, owing to
Stop, end come to a stop/end
Suddenly all of a sudden
Often more often than not

2. Connotation of Words (English explanation)
common, peasant, assassinate, gay, acquire, date, property, enemy, problem, issue

3. General Vs Specific terms (overuse of general terms)
beautiful, delicious, famous,

China’s English
小康社会、缘分、丞相、风水、三个代表 孔子、孟子、老子

轻易用错词
1. 词性
lack, serve, contact, last, marry, concern, like

2. 汉语影响
more perfect, very excellent, return back, repeat again, good memory power, listening ability, high quality goods learn the knowledge

常见错误
(1) two predicates in one simple sentence
Every year lots of familys sit at the front of TV wait this game after have delicious meal.
There have many people like SFG.
My mother cooks food is very delicious.

(2) Omission and overuse of Be
Nowday people’s life level is arise.
Many person are like watch SFG in the eve.
SFG was appeared since 1984.
SFG is liked by many people.
How fast time was gone!
SFG can divide into several parts.
We very busy.

(3) Comparative degree
more and more better
become gooder and gooder,

(4) Conjunction
because….so
although….but
While

(5) I very like SFG. Very hate

(6) Part of speech
most of we Chinese, make me surprise,
with the quick development of economic and social,
In my’s opinion, I advice to keep SFG.
eating good, drinking good, playing good;
good plays, good look, good use;
I think it dues to the development,
Let’s analysis and discovery the main factors leading the changes.
To men, women just liked clothes. they like it like me like it.
two weeks past
choose, choice, succeed, success, successful, die, dead, death

(7) Choice of words
The whole family assemble to have a dinner.
congratulate Spring Festival,
abolish (stop, give up) SFG,
sit behind the TV to look SFG,
Many people fall in love with watching SFG.
We can elect other programs to see.
celebrate SFG with bomb,
stand in the shadow/shade
mosquito bite/sting
It’s a gay meeting/party

(8) Phrases
in all in; one hand, another hand, third hand; at one hand, at second hand, at last hand; in one hand, from other hand; last but not the last, last but not most; on my opinion; A coin has two hands (coins). Everything has two hands (coins).

(9) Spelling
We can’t cansle (cancer, cancle) it.
SFG is watched by hole word.
happyness,
include (ing) SF, Every student include me enjoys
Poor people maybe very angry (hungry).
eat the soap (soup);
Benefitial
Drived
Dispite
I will adopt to the campus life

联 贯
1. 并列：

and, as well as
on the one hand… on the other hand
for one thing….. for another
firstly….secondly….thirdly…finally
subsequently, then, thereafter, afterward, in the following …
at first, initially, originally
at last, eventually

2. 递进：
Moreover,
Furthermore,
In addition,
Additionally  
What is more  
Besides  
Apart from…

3. 转折

But
Yet
However
Nevertheless
While
Whereas
On the contrary
In contrast

4. 结果

So
Therefore,
Thus
Hence
As a result （consequence）
Consequently

5. 原因

Because (of)
Due to
Owing to
On the account of
In view of
Thanks to
On the grounds that

6. 假设

If…..
Given that
Provided that
Unless
On the condition of
As (so) long as

7. 其它

(1) Sentence adverbs: absolutely, alternatively, currently, undoubtedly, certainly, consequently, subsequently , obviously

(2) PP: in general, on average, in fact, in effect, in theory, in practice, in reality, in particular,

(3) Adv speaking: generally speaking, broadly speaking, strictly speaking, theoretically speaking

(4) precisely because, mainly because, merely because, only because

段落用语

Beginning:
With the development of
As is well known to
We all know that
As we all know
As a proverb says,
As a saying goes
As for… some people hold the opinion that…. While others
argue (maintain) that
Every coin has two sides.
It has merits and demerits.
It has pros and cons. Supporters and opponents

Development

Recent researches have proven/shown/indicated that
My arguments/reasons/ideas will be listed as follows:
In the following paragraph, I will
Firstly, secondly, and finally
Why is it that …..

Ending

All in all
In a word
In conclusion
In short
In summary
To sum up
To summarize
In brief

其它用语
be deeply rooted in
be in favor of
be opposed to
It goes without saying that
The past twenty years saw/witness
Chances are
No wonder
It is likely that
As time goes by
When it comes to
As illustrated/shown in the chart/table

面试：

面试教授专业领域涵盖全部现有学科（人文科学、社会科学、技术科学、自然科学、学生德育五大类）,每大类组随机抽取1人,组成一个面试五人小组。面试前,教授们将审阅考生多种资料,包含考生们所提交入学申请材料和水平测试成绩等。面试时,由教授对学生一对一面试,每名学生全部要“连闯五关”,和5位教授面对面交谈,累计面试时间超出1个小时。教授组将从学生博学、社会实践、爱好、创新能力、时政了解、思想性等多方面考察学生综合素质,并依据面试结果作出是否录用提议。

英语面试试题

复旦：依据男女就业表格，给speaker写一份汇报。

复旦：谈谈你所期望大学生活一天

交大：依据twins，identical，doctor，fun编一个小说