1、CONTENTSCONTENTSB BBE E EA AADDC CCLead-inLead-inText ReadingText ReadingText Text Text UnderstandingUnderstandingUnderstandingTheme Theme ExplorationExploration Summary Summary Summary Less is More Tellthestory“SmashingtheCauldronsandSinkingtheBoats”(破釜沉舟)toyourclassmatesanddiscussitsmessage.Inthel
2、ateyearsoftheQinDynasty(秦朝,221-206BC),XiangYu(项羽)launchedarebellion.AftercrossingtheZhangRiver(漳河),XiangYuorderedhissoldierstosinkalltheboatsandbreaktheircookingpots,leavingonlyathree-daysupplyoffoodforeachsoldier.Hewarnedthemthattherewasnowaytoretreat;theonlythingtheycoulddotosurvivewastoadvanceand
3、fight.XiangYusboatburningstrategygavehismennochoicebuttogoforwardtofightwithskillandpassion.Afterninefuriouswar,theQinarmywasfinallydefeated.Less is More2Door closer,are you?Unit 6 Section AUnit 6 Section AFOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERSITYrival optionsThet
4、extstartswithaquestionaboutwhatXiangYu,aChineseimperialgeneral,woulddowhenfacing_.(Para.1)TipsTipsTipsTipsWhy did General Xiang Yu order his troops tocrush their cooking pots and burn their sailingshipswhencrossingtheZhangRiver?(Para.3)TipsTipsTipsTipstoimposeonhistroopsanecessarysacrificetoachievev
5、ictoryovertheiropponents.toinspirethesoldiersbemoredeterminedandconcentratedonthebattles.PartIintroducesastoryofclosingdoorstoopen_aboutXiangYu.Facingchoicesofrivaloptions,hemadeanunusualdecision-orderinghistroopstocrushcookingpotsandburntheirsailingships.Bydoingthis,heclosedthedoorforretreatingfrom
6、theenemysterritorybutopenedthewindowfor_.Part I (Paras.1-_)3windowsofopportunitywinningthebattleAccordingtoDr.Arielysbook,Predictably Irrational,whatmightbeaweaknessofhumanbeings?(Para.4)TipsTipsTipsTipsHisexperimentshowsthatpeoplejustcouldntbeartoseetheiroptionsvanishthoughtheyknewitwouldbenefitthe
7、mtoletgo.PartIservesasatransitionfromtheancientstoryofXiangYutothe_ofthestudentsatMIT.Throughconductinganexperimentonhumans_,Dr.Arielyfoundthatpeoplejustcouldntbeartoseetheiroptionsvanishthoughtheyknewitwouldbenefitthemtoletgo.Part II (Para.4)modernstoryirrationalbehaviorWhatsthesignificanceofdoingt
8、heexperiments?(Para.5)TipsTipsTipsTipsTheexperimentenabledpeopletoseewhyitsalwayssohardforthemtosay“NO”toanyopportunitythatcametothem.Ineverydaylife,peoplejustgiveexcusestokeepoptionsopen.Whatsthewinningstrategywhenplayingthecomputergame?(Para.6)Studentsshouldquicklycheckallthedoorsandkeepclickingon
9、theonewiththehighestcash.Theyshouldabsolutelyignorethevanishingdoors.TipsTipsTipsTipsHowdidstudentslossmoneybecauseoftheirirrationaleffortstokeepthevanishingdoorsopen?(Para.7)Inthegame,anydoorleftun-clickedforashortwhilewouldvanish.Insteadofignoringthevanishingdoors,thestudentsrushedtoclickonthembef
10、oretheyvanished,sotheylostmoneyintheend.TipsTipsTipsTipsPartIIImainlyfocusesontheexperimentconductedbyDr.Ariely.Hefirstexplainsthe_oftheexperiment,andtheprocessofthestudents_.Thenhepointsouttherealcauseofthestudents_.Finallyheemphasizesthatinlifethedoorsareactuallyclosingslowlyandwedontseethefuture_
11、.Part III (Paras.5-_)9purposeandsignificancelosingmoneyirrationalbehaviorvanishingawayInthetext,whatdoesDr.Arielysuggestinordertobalanceourlife?(Paras.10-12)TipsTipsTipsTipsPeopleshould:prohibitoverbooking,reduceoptions,delegatetaskstoothers,giveawayideastootherstopursue.Part IV(Paras.10-12)PartIVsu
12、ggestshowwecanbalanceourlivesbyreducing_.such as prohibition of overbooking,trying to lessen the load,remembering the lessons of _ like Xiang Yu,and keeping those activities _.unnecessaryoptionsdoorclosersenrichingourlivesWhatisthemessagetheauthorwantstosendoutfromthistext?(Paras.13-14)TipsTipsTipsT
13、ipsPeoplecanobtainpleasureandsatisfactionbyfocusingtheirenergyandattentioninamoreconcentratedfashion.Theywillhavemorewithfewerbutcarefullychosenoptions.Part V (Paras.13-14)PartIIIconcludestheessay,andmeanwhileitraisesthequestionif_.Weshouldclosecertaindoorsinordertoallowtherightwindowsofopportunitya
14、ndhappinesstoopen.moreisbetterthanless Door closer,are you?Whenfacedwith_options,XiangYuprovedtoawonderfuldecision-maker.Hetookhistroopsmakinga_intoenemyterritory.Tohistroops_,heorderedtheircookingpotscrushedandtheirsailingshipsburned,whichgavehistroopsonlyone_:towinthebattle.Thebattleturnedouttobea
15、greatsuccessonhisside.To be continuedrival raid astonishment option This story indicates that while closing thedoorfordoingsomething,peoplemayopenthe_forachievingsomethingmoresignificant.Throughconductinganexperimentonhumans_behavior,Dr.Ariely,found that manystudents in his experiment just couldntbe
16、artoseetheiroptions_thoughtheyknewitwouldbenefitthemto_.Hethenemphasizesthatinlifethedoorsare actually closing slowly and we dontseethefuturevanishingaway.To be continuedwindow irrational vanish let go Tosolvethisproblem,peoplecanbalancetheirlivesbyreducing_optionsontheirownandkeepingthoseactivities
17、thatwillactuallyenrichtheirlives.Toconclude,weshouldclosecertaindoorsinordertoallowtherightwindowsof_toopen.opportunity and happiness unnecessary 1.Inyouropinion,whatisanirrationalbehavior?Givesomeexamples.Itisanactionoropinionbasedoninadequateuseofreasonandlogic:Onceapriceisestablishedintheirminds,
18、theywillcompareothersimilaritemswiththispriceBuyproductstheydontneedjustbecausetheygetsomethingforfreeinthetransaction.Dosomethingjustbecausesomeotherpeoplearedoingthesamething.2.Whatdoyouthinkmaycausepeoplesirrationalbehavior?IgnorancePeoplecanbetotallyunawareofasituationbeforeformingtheirownviewsa
19、ndjudgments.EmotionsPeopletakeoffenseorgetangrybeforethesituationactuallyoccurs.StressItcreatesfeelingofanger,irritationandfrustration.BlindbeliefsTheyaretooconsciousaboutsocietyanditsreactionstothem.Moreoptions,lessfocusedconcentration.Morechoices,worsequality.Everythinghastwosides.Toomuchgreedendsupwithnothing.3.HowdoyouunderstandtheEnglishsaying“Lessismore”?6UNITThe endDoor closer,are you?
©2010-2024 宁波自信网络信息技术有限公司 版权所有
客服电话:4008-655-100 投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100