状语从句的讲解最全的状语从句讲解.doc

状语从句的讲解
就是用一句话作状语分为：时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，条件，让步，目的，比较
一、时间状语从句
第一次见到你
一见到你 我就喜欢上了你
直到见到你
五岁时见到你
When, as, while, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as no sooner…than… scarcely…when… hardly…when… the minute the second the instant the moment by the time 截止 immediately instantly directly
each time every time next time the first time on doing sth

when
while 当…时
as
1. when 1）当…时/ 延续性动词短暂性动词都可用
2）这时/
3）届时、到时
I was watching TV when my cellphone suddenly rang这时
When I was five years old I could speak five languages
The wet weather will continue tommorow when a cold front is expected to arrive届时到时
注意：时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时
When my mother came back I had already gone to bed.
2. while 1）从句动词延续性
2）同时发生
3）对比的意味“然而”
4）趁着
He taught himself while he worked in a bank 延续性动词当他在银行上班时
While we were working they were having a rest.对比
While they were having a discussion , they got very confused.同时
I want the girls to experience that while they are young趁着她们还年轻我想让姑娘们体验一下
对比：I prefer black tea, while he likes coffee
3.As 1)当…时
2）一边...一边
3)随着
As the children walked along the street, they sang happily.当孩子们
He sang as he danced一边 一边
You will grow wiser as you grow older随着
4.before 1）在…前
2）前加一段时间 直到…才…
3)还没来得及
4)要过…时间才
I’ll be back before you leave
It may be many years before we meet again 可能要过很多年我们才能见面
The students rushed outside before I could finished my word 还没等我讲完
It will be three weeks before he finished his work
It won’t be long before he finished his work. 用不了多久
5.after
After my friend got married, she went to live in America
6.since 自从 主句一般为现在完成时
We’ve never met since we graduated from the college
Great changes have taken place since you left
7.till/untill肯定句中可互换 直到…为止
否定句中只用not…until…直到…才
Not until 放句首句子部分倒装（倒装主句）
Donald will remain in college until/till he finished his PhD course
Donald won’t leave college until he finished his PhD course

I won’t go with you until I finished my homework
Not until my mother came back did I go to bed
8.as soon as
I gave the alarm as soon as I saw the smoke.一看见冒烟就发出警报
He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid
9.the minute
The second
The instant瞬间片刻 立即的立刻的 素食的
The moment
The minute we got home, the telephone rang
10. no sooner…than…
Scarcely…when…
Hardly…when…
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried
The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried
注意：他们提前句子部分倒装
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain
Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried
11.名词引导的时间状语从句
The first time I saw you I mistook you for a film star
Next time I see you I will tell you the truth
Every time/each time I see this picture I think of my hometown.
12. On+ doing 一…就…
On arriving home, he discovered they had gone 一到家发现他们已经走了
13.immediately instantly directly
Immediately she had gone, I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字
14.by the time 1)从句是一般现在时 主句用将来完成时
2）从句是一般过去时 主句用过去完成时
By the time you receive this letter, I will have left this city
I shall have finished it by the time you come back 你回来以前我就做完了
By the time I got there, the bus had already left.
注意：as soon as after before 常与过去完成时连用
After I had finished my homework I went to sleep
Before I went to sleep I had finished my homework
As soon as I had finished my homework I went ot sleep.
但是 如果不强调时间的先后都可以用一般过去时
After I finished my homework I went to sleep/
二、地点状语从句
一、Where在…地方 wherever无论哪里 anywhere任何地方 everywhere到处
1.where
You should put the book where you found it
We must camp where we can find water
You had better make a mark where you have any questions.
2.wherever
wherever there is smoke, there is fire
please put the cup wherever that is convinient
3.anywhere
You can put it anywhere you like
I can’t stay anywhere there are a lot of people
4.everywhere
Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.去到的每一处都看到同样的情况
I have searched everywhere there is a clue
二、与定语从句的区别
1.定语从句中where是关系副词在从句中充当状语前面有表示地点的名词
状语从句中where是从属连词引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词整个句子做状语前面无先行词
Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often.
Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often.

Go back where you came from
Go back to the place where you came
2.where 引导的状从可放在句首与句末都可
而where 引导的定语从句只放在句末
三、练习
1.he advised me to live_______ the air is fresher
A. in where B.in which C. the place where D. where
2. in peace too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _______ there is human suffering
A. whoever B.however C. whatever D.wherever
3. if you are travelling____the customs are really foreign to you own . please do as the Romans do
A. in which B. what C. when D. where

三、原因状语从句
Because since for as now that in that because of 既然鉴于 in as much as
既然鉴于in so far as
鉴于 考虑到considering that seeing that given that
For the reason that 由于…原因 due to the fact that 由于…事实 owing to the fact that
1.because 1）语气最强 常放句末
2）回答why 的问句
3)强调句
I missed the train because I got up late.
He is disappointed because he failed again
Because he failed again so he is disappointed错 不能出现so
注意;because 前可以加程度副词 simply because just merely mainly
It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation
2.since 语气弱一些表示对方已知的已经存在的原因“既然”常常放句首
Since you are not interested, I won’t tell you about it
Since no one is against it, we will pass it 通过了
3.as “由于’表示较为明显的原因 常放句首
As it is snowing, you’d better take a taxi
As you request it , I will come
4.for 1)表示猜测的原因 放句末 用逗号隔开
2)多用于书面语 不表示直接原因对前面的句子附带说明
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet
I went to see him, for I had something to tell him.
I want to be an engineer,for it’s my dream
5.now that 既然=since
表示新出现的情况促成某事的发生 放句首居多
已经有的情况 目前的状况
Steven, I heard that the flight ticket to America is cheap recently . Now that you have time, why
not we go there together.
Now that we can’t change the fact, let’s accept it.
6. in that
仅因为 就因为有限制意味 多用于否定中
Some old people only remember happy things in that they can’t get used to this fast society
I don’t like sports in that I am good at it
7. in as much as in so far as既然鉴于
In so far as it is not my fault, I don’t care.
In as much as the debtor has no property, I abandon my claim
8.considering that 考虑到鉴于补充说明
She knows quite a lot about it, considering (that) she is very young.
Considering that she is just a child, I am not very strict with her
9.seeing that由于 因为 鉴于已有情况
Seeing that he’s been sick all week, he is unlikely to come today.
Seeing that you live next door to Mr Black, you should recognize her.

10. for the reason that 很正式的书面表达
Due to the fact that
Owing to the fact that
I left that country due to the fact that I can’t accept its culture
For the reason that
Owing to the fact that
11. given that 由于 鉴于
Given that you are new here, I will show you around.
四、条件状语从句
一、If unless=if not if only as long as = so long as on condition (that)
in case假如 以防万一
provided (that) = providing (that) suppose (that) = supposing (that) once
1. if 如果
1）真实条件句
2）非真实条件句（虚拟语气）
If it doesn’t rain we will go climbing
If you have any question, you can voice them now. 可以提出来
主将从先 主情从现
If I were a bird, I would fly
2.unless=if not
You will be late, unless you hurry= You’ll be late, if you don’t hurry
If you don’t visit him tomorrow, he will be angry= Unless you visit him tomorrow he’ll be angry
I won’t forgive you unless you apologize= I won’t forgive you, If you don’t apologize
3.if only 只要如果 要是…就好了
I’ll let you use my car, if only you return it
省略主句用虚拟
If only he knew English
4.in case
Take a coat in case the weather turns cold 主祈使从现
In case I forget, please remind me about it如果我忘了请提醒我
I’ll give you my phone number in case you want to contact me 主将从现
注意：in case of+ 名词表条件 以防 in that case在那种情况下
In case of rain they can’t go to the park 万一下雨 他们就不能去公园了
In that case, he would be punished情况如此他就会收到惩罚
5.as long as= so long as只要 如果 主将从现 主情从现
As long as it doesn’t rain, we can go to play
As long as/so long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty
You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive on time 只要你按时到你就能去看这场电影
注意：as long as 还有…之久的意思
You can keep it as long as you can = You can keep it as long as possible你可以尽量久地保留它
6.on conditiong that 条件是 只要
I’ll come on conditon that Amy is invited too我可以来条件是艾米也被邀请了
7.provided (that)= providing (that)
Providing there is no objection, we shall make a decision
He won’t be against us in the meeting provided (that) we ask for his advice
只要我们征求他的意见
8.suppose (that)=supposing (that) 假如 假设
Supposing it rains, shall we visit the museum?
Suppose that you are a famous writer, do you like to write such a book?
9.once
I’ll make friends once I’m settled in Paris.
二、时态的一致
1.时间状语从句和条件状语从句中遵从主将从现 主情从现 主祈使从现
He’ll be a doctor when he finishes studying here.
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll start出发

If you get the book, let me know.
If you like, you can stay here for the weekend.在这里过周末
If you drink, don’t drive
2.如果谓语是want hope 等动词，则条件状从一般用一般现在时
What do you want to do if you have much money?
I hope to see her if I’m free
3.有些句子中主从句都用一般现在时
If you ring this number, no one answers
If you press the switch, the computer comes on如果你按这个开关 计算机就会启动
4.条件状从中也可用的will表示意愿
If you won’t go, you needn’t go/won’t go 如果你不愿意去，那就不去
If you’ll just wait a moment, I’ll find someone to help you 如果你愿意等一会我会找人帮你

五、目的状语从句
So that in order that lest以免 for fear that 唯恐 so that in case 以免
1.so that为了
I spoke slowly so that you could understand me.
2.in order that 为了
She raised her voice in order that she might be heard= she raised her voice so that she might be heard
注意：in order that 与so that 可以改为不定式做目的状语= in order to do so as to do to do
She raised her voice so as to be heard 因为so as to do 不可以放句首
In order to be heard she raised her voice = she raised her voice in order to be heard
To be heard she raised her voice = she raised her voice to be heard
3.lest 以防 常用于虚拟语气 lest sb (should) do
I wrote down the date of his birthday lest I should forget it
I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me
4.for fear (that)常与虚拟连用 for fear that sb should/may/might do
Shut the window for fear that it may rain
He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain
5.in case
He took a gun in case he met any wild animals 他带上枪以防遇到野兽
6. so 这样 为了
Come to my house so I could tell you all about it
He wrote the Bible in Enlish so all could read it
7.that
Let’s take the front seats that we may see more clearly.

六、结果状语从句
一、So…that such…that so that that so
1. so…that 如此以至于 中间加形容词和副词
He worked so hard that he passed the exam副词
They were so excited that they cried out 如此激动以至于大喊大叫 形容词
注意：
1)So 位于句首句子倒装
He was injured so badly that he had to be sent to the hospital.
So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to the hospital
The novel was so boring that he gave up reading it
So boring was the novel that he gave up reading it
2)如果结果状从是 否定可以替换成too…to..句型
David was so careless that he didn’t find the mistakes in his test paper.
David was too careless to find the mistakes in his test paper.
2.such…that 加名词
He was such a fool that he made a terrible mistake
This book is written in such easy English that even little children can understand it.
注意：such 位于句首倒装
Such a good boy is he that we all love him
注意：当有形容词的时候
1） 中间加单数可数名词
it gave him such a shock that his face turned white 使他如此震惊以至于他的脸都白了

This is such a useful dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it
This is so useful a dictionary that I’m thinking of buying it

He is such a clever boy that all the teachers like him
He is so clever a boy that all the teachers like him
2) 中间加不可数名词只用such
对He showed such concern that people took him to be a friend他展示出如此的关心人们都把他当朋友了
错He showed so concern that people took him to be a friend
对It is such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park
错It is so nice weather that all of us want to go to the park
3).中间是负数可数名词
They are such difficult problems that I don’t know how to settle them.
He made such a lot of mistakes that he had to give up
They are such fine teachers that we all respect them
4）中间是much little many few 时
Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this difficult problem that I admire him very much 这样小的孩子解这道题遇到如此少的困难我很羡慕他
He had so much work to do that he had to work late into the night
There are so few notebooks the I can’t give you any 笔记本太少 以至于我一本也不能给你
There are many kinds of bikes that I don’t know which to buy
5) such= so + adj
His voice is such that we can’t bear it
3.so that
He worked hard so that he passed the exam
I stayed up late last night so that I feel sleepy now
4.that 以至于
The weather is terribly hot that I want to have a shower three times a day
5.so 以至于 结果
He played computer games every day so he failed the final exam
二、so that 即引导目的状语从句也引导结果状语从句
目的 为了
结果 以至于 结果…
目的状从中常和 can could may might will would 等情态动词连用
The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present能够买
The little boy saved every coin so that he bought his mother a present，每一枚硬币结果买了

He always studied hard so that he may make great progress这样他才可以取得（目的）
He always studied hard so that he made great progress结果他取得了很大进步

七、让步状语从句
Though Although Even if Even though as while However+adj/adv= no matter how
Whatever= no matter what whoever= no matter who whomever=no matter whom
Whichever=no matter which wherever=no matter where whenever=no matter when
Despite in spite of
1.although=though 尽管 虽然它们不可以与but 连用但是可以与yet still连用
Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard
2. as Though 用倒装表示让步 尽管虽然
1).倒装名词
Although/though he is a child, he can speak five languages
Child though/as he is, he can speak five languages
2)倒装副词
Although/though he works hard, he makes little progress
Hard though/as he works, he makes little progress
3)倒装动词
Although/though you may object, I’ll carry out the experiment.
Object though/as you may, I’ll carry out the experiment.
4)倒装形容词
Tired though/as he is, he (still) keeps on working hard
Amazing as it may seem Wednesday night was a quiet night.
3.while尽管虽然

While I understand your point of view, I do not share it尽管我理解你的观点但是我不苟同
4.even if even though 即使 尽管语气比although though 强烈
We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好我们也要做一次旅行
You should try to be ni