形容词和副词的比较级和最高级.doc

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
重点: 1、了解形容词、副词比较级以及最高级的构成规则；
2、了解形容词、副词比较等级的用法。

热身练习
一、口语训练
1、用正确的语音、语调朗读下列短文。
The sea looks very beautiful when the sun is shining on it. It can be very terrible when there is a strong wind.
The sea is very big. It covers three quarters of the earth. The sea is also very deep in some places. There is one place----the sea is about 11 kilometres deep there. The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometres high. If that mountain was put into the sea at that place, there would still be 2 kilometres of water above it.
In most part of the sea, there are lots of plants. Some live near the top of the sea, others live deep down. There are also a lot of small living things. Lots of fish live by eating them.
The sea can be very cold. When people go down, the sea becomes colder and colder. Only some men can go down into deep sea. But in 1970, five women scientists live in the deep sea for fourteen days.
2、根据实际情况回答问题。
3、根据提示说话。
假如你是李华，你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园，你们看到了很多动物，玩得很高兴。请用至少六句话来描述。

二、找出上面短文中的形容词和副词，并且试试说出它们的用法。

精讲部分
一. 形容词和副词在使用时都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。
例：(small smaller smallest) (tall taller tallest) (hard harder hardest)
比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种

1．规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
多音节词，加more，most构成比较级和最高级

构成法
原级
比较级
最高级

单音节词

一般单音节词尾加-er，-es
tall
great
strong
taller
greater
stronger
tallest
greatest
strongest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词，只加-r，-st
nice
large
late
nicer
larger
later
nicest
largest
latest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音词，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er，-est
big
hot
fat
bigger
hotter
fatter
biggest
hottest
fattest
双
音节词
以辅音字母+ y结尾的双音节词，改y为i再加-er，-est
easy
busy
early
easier
busier
earlier
easiest
busiest
earliest
多音节词

在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级
important
beautiful
happily
more important
more beautiful
more happily
most important
most beautiful
most happily

2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good
well
better
best
bad
ill
worse
worst
Old
older
oldest
much, many
more
most
Little
less
least
Far
farther / further
farthest / furthest

二. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1．as + 原级 + as 表示“与 …… 一样”
The painting is as beautiful as that one．这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮。(形容词)
He sings as well as his teacher. 他唱得和他的老师一样好。（副词）

注意：在否定句中可用 not as(so) + 原级 + as 与……不一样，不及……
例： It is not as (so) cold in Shanghai as in Beijing in winter．
冬天上海的天气没北京的天气冷。(形容词)
The girl doesn’t run as quickly as the boy. ；女孩跑得不如男孩快。（副词）
2．比较级 + than 表示 “ … 比 … 更 …”
This hotel is cheaper than that one across the street．
这家宾馆比街对面那家更便宜。(形容词)
It is quicker to take a underground than to take a bus．
坐地铁比坐公交车快。(形容词)
Mary writes more carefully than Tom. Mary 写得比Tom 更认真。（副词）

3．比较级 + 比较级 表示：”越来越…”
It is getting colder and colder these days．这些天天气越来越冷。(形容词)
The bus is more and more crowded．公交车上越来越挤。(形容词)
The people are living more and more happily人们生活得越来越幸福（副词）

4. The +比较级, the +比较级 表示“越---，越---。”
The more, the better.

5．the + 最高级 + 比较范围 表示 “(三者或三者以上) 最……”

Of all the four brothers he is the cleverest．在四个兄弟中，他是最聪明的。
He is the best in maths of them all．在他们所有人中他数学最好
He jumps the highest in his class. 他在班中跳得最高。
注意：
1. “as + 原级 + as (not as(so) + 原级 + as)” 和“比较级 + than” 用于两者之间的比较，
2. 最高级用于三者以上之间的比较
3. 形容词最高级必须加定冠词the, 但副词最高级可以加也可以不加定冠词the
例如： The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. (形容词)
She dances (the) most beautifully in her class. （副词）
4. much + 比较级 表示“… 得多”
例如： much bigger, much longer.
much more difficult, much more interesting

Exercise (比较级和副词)

一. A. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
1. near ____________ ____________ high___________ ___________
2. warm ___________ ____________ clever__________ ___________
3. white ___________ ____________ blue __________ __________
4. nice ____________ ____________ gentle___________ ___________
5. safe ____________ wide____________ ___________
6. close ___________ _____________ long____________ ___________
7. heavy __________ _____________ sunny___________ ____________
8. early ___________ ______________ dry ____________ ___________
9. busy ___________ _____________ happy ___________ ___________
10. easy ___________ _____________ angry ___________ ____________
11. windy _________ ______________ little __________ ____________
12. thin ___________ ______________ ` fat ______________ ___________
13. hot ___________ _______________ big _ ___________
14. wet ___________ ______________ ` good____________ ___________
15. bad ___________ ______________ well __________ _____________
16. badly _________ ______________ many____________ ___________
17. much _________ ______________ far ______________ __
18. important ___________________ _______________________
19. dangerous ___________________ _______________________
20 beautiful ____________________ _______________________
21. difficult _____________________ _______________________
22. brightly ________ _______________________
23. strongly _____________________ _______________________
24. expensive ___________________ ________________________
25. quietly _____________________ ________________________

B. 写出下列形容词的副词形式
1. bad ___________ nice ___________ beautiful___________
2. clever _________ easy ___________ busy _______________
3. heavy _________ angry __________ happy ______________
4. gentle _________ wide ___________ safe ________________
5. close __________ late ____________ early________________
6. deep _________ high ___________ near ________________
7. fast ___________ good ___________

二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空
1、 The flowers are very _____________________. (beautiful)
2、The girls are sitting there ______________________ .(quiet)
3、They’re talking very _________________ . (loud)
4、We can get there _________________ . (easy)
5、They’re getting ready for the sports meeting __________________ . (busy)
6、They’re living a _________________ life. (happy)
7、The wind is blowing __________________ . (strong)
8、He plays the piano ______________ .(bad)
9、The river runs _________________ down the hill. (gentle)
10、The sun is shining _______________ . (bright)
11、The man is riding his horse along the road __________________ . (slow)
12、The girl sings ____________________________ than the boy. (beautiful)
13、Jack plays football _________________ than Dick. (bad)
14、He is speaking _________ . (angry)
15、The children are running __________________ along the road. (happy)
16、She runs __________________ of all. (fast)
17、The sun is shining _____________________this afternoon than this morning. (bright)
18、Jim works ___________________ than Tom. (hard)
19、He walks __________ of the three. (far)
20、Little Tom is sitting there ___________________ of all. (quiet)

三、选择填空
1. The white shirt is as ________ as the yellow one.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
2、 You know ________ about it than Tom does.
A. even little B. even less C. more little D. more less
3、 This garden is ________ that one.
A. ten times as long as B. ten times longer as
C. ten times longer as D. as long as ten times
4、 The earth is getting ________ .
A. warm and warmer B. warmer and warm
C. warmer and warmer D. warm, and warm
5、 Which one is ________ , football or basketball?
A. more popular B. popular C. popularer D. much popular
6、 The fifth orange is ________ of all . Give it to that small child.
A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest
7、 Allan is one of ________ popular teachers in the school.
A. more B. the more C. most D. the most
8、 Which city is ________ , Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?
A .beautiful B. more beautiful
C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful
9. He runs __________ of the four boys.
A. fast B. faster C. the fastest D. fastest
10、________ all the students in his class, Xiao Ming writes ________.
A. Of, most carefully B. In, the most careful
C. Of, very carefully D. In, much more carefully
11、I think P.E. is ________ any other subject.
A. the more important B. the most important
C. as important than D. as important as
12、I don’t feel very ________ today.
A. good B. better C. nice D. well
13、The more you study during the term, ________you have to study the week before exams.
A. the less B. the lesser C. less D. the little
14、The old man was too tired to walk any __________.
A. far B. farther C. the farthest D. farer
15、The children are laughing ________. They look very ________.
A. happy, happy B. happily, happily
C. happily, happy D. happy, happily

四、链接中考
(1998) 1. I think maths is _____ of all the subjects.
A. the most interesting B. more interesting
C. so interesting D. the best interesting
2. The girl doesn’t run _____ the boy.
A. much faster as B. as fastest as
C. more careful than D. so fast as
(1999) The young man drives _____ than he did three months ago.
A. much carefully B. much more careful
C. much careful D. much more carefully
(2000)1. Don’t worry too much．I am sure everything is going on _____ with you．
A. good B. fine C. well D. nice
2．---Do they like him?
---Yes．He is ____ a kind man．
A. very B. so C. much D. such
3．---Mary won’t go shopping this afternoon．
---I won’t go _____ ．
A．either B．yet C．also D．too
4. ---What should I do if I don’t understand the word?
---Look it ____ in a dictionary．
A．at B．on C．up D．out
5．The car is running ______ ．It seems to be flying．
A．more and faster B．more and fast C．fast and fast D．faster and faster
(2001) ---I have three English dictionaries．
---I have nine．I have three times ______ you．
A．as much as B．as many as C．as little as D．1ess than
(2002) 1. We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so ____．
A. well B．nice C．wonderfully D．nicely
2. The boy doesn’t speak ____ his sister，but his written work is very good．
A．as well as B．so good as C．more better than D．more worse than
(2003) 1．---Does Liu Hua ever guess the meanings of English words?
---He ____ guesses the meanings of new words．He uses his dictionary all the time．
A．usually B．always C．never D．sometimes
2．The meeting will be held in half an hour，but they haven’t got everything ready _____．
A．ever B．already C．yet D．still
3．Now the air in our hometown is ____ than it was before．Something must be done．
A．much better B．more worse C．more better D．much worse
4．Johnny doesn’t sing quite _____ the other boys and girls in his class．
A．so well as B．as good like C．as well like D．so good as
(2004) 1. I don’t believe the young man could run _____ fast _____ 20 kilometres an hour．
A．as；as B．as；like C．much；as D．so；like
2．Harry Potter is an _____ book for children, but my cousin doesn’t seem at all
________ in it．
A．interesting；interesting B，interested；interested
C．interesting；interested D．interested；interesting
(2005) 1. ---Do you like western food?
---No．The food of our country is ____ that of western countries．
A．rather good than B．much better than
C．more better than D．not so good as
2．Mr Watson won’t be here next week，and _____．
A．neither his wife will B．neither his wife won’t
C．his wife won’t neither D．his wife won’t either

开心一刻

One of Harry's feet was bigger than the other. 'I can never find boots （靴子）and shoes for my feet,' he said to his friend Dick.
'Why don't you go to a shoemaker?' Dick said. 'A good one can make you the right shoes.'
'I've never been to a shoemaker,' Harry said. 'Aren't they very expensive?'
'No,' Dick said, 'some of them aren't. There's a good one in our village, and he's quite cheap. Here's his address.' He wrote something on a piece of paper and gave it to Harry.
Harry went to the shoemaker in Dick's village a few days later, and the shoemaker made him some shoes.
Harry went to the shop again a week later and looked at the shoes. Then he said to the shoemaker angrily, 'You're a silly man! I said, "Make one shoe bigger than the other," but you've made one smaller than the other!'

Which of these sentences are true (T) and which are false (F)?
Write T or F before each sentence.

1. Harry's feet were not the same size.
2. Harry had never been to a shoemaker.
3. The shoemaker was from Harry's village.
4. Harry went back to the shoemaker two w-eeks later.
5. The shoemaker was right.

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级练习答案
热身练习
一、口语练习
2、根据实际情况回答问题。
1. Is China the biggest country in the world?
2. Both Russia and Canada are bigger than China, are they?
3. Which mountain is the highest in the world?
4. Do you know what ocean is the deepest in the world?
5. Which river is longer, the Changjiang River or the Yellow River?
Exercise (比较级和副词)
一. A. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
1. nearer nearest higher highest
2. warmer warmest cleverer cleverest
3. whiter whitest bluer bluest
4. nicer nicest gentler gentlest
5. safer safest wider widest
6. closer closest longer longest
7. heavier heaviest sunnier sunniest
8. earlier earliest drier driest
9. busier busiest happier happiest
10. easier easiest angrier angriest
11. windier windiest less least
12. thinner thinnest fatter fattest
13. hotter hottest bigger biggest
14. wetter wettest better best
15. worse worst better best
16. worse worst more most
17. more most farther farthest
18. more important most important 19. more dangerous most dangerous
20. more beautiful most beautiful 21. more difficult most difficult
22. more brightly most brightly 23. more strongly most strongly
24. more expensive most expensive 25. more quietly most quietly
二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空
1. beautiful 2. quietly 3. loudly 4. easily 5 busily
6. happy 7. strongly 8. badly 9. gently 10. brightly
11.slowly 12. more beautiful 13.worse 14. angrily 15. happily
16. fastest 17. more brightly 18. harder 19. farthest 20. most quietly
三、选择填空
1-5 ABACA 6-10 DDDCA 11-15 DDABC
四、链接中考
(1998) 1-2AD (1999