主谓一致---被动语态.doc

完整版)主谓一致 被动语态
主谓一致
一 就近原则
1 either…or, neither…nor，not…but， not only…but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与较近的那个名词或代词保持一致
Neither his parents nor Tom_____（be) at home。
2 there be 句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致
There _____(be) a book and some pens on the desk. There ______(come） the bus。
3 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，从句谓语动词应与先行词保持一致
I know the man who_____(be) talking to my father.
二．意义一致原则
1。 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with,with，as well as，together with， besides，except的短语，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致
I along with my sister_____(be) going to Shanghai next month.
2 “a number of”作主语时,谓语动词用复数；“the number of"作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A number of ancient buildings _____ （be) destroyed in the war.
The number of the visitors _____ (have) decreased this year。
3 集体名词(family, public, group， team, class 等词），指代“整体"时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。 My family ____(be） very poor when I was a little girl
My family ______（be） all looking forward for your coming。

三．整体原则
1. 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词用单数。
When to leave _____（be) not been decided. Watching TV too much _____（be） bad for your eyes.
2 如果两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。
The novelist and poet _____(be) going to Europe next year.
The novelist and the poet_____（be) going to Europe next year。
3 表示时间、距离、金额度量等词语作主语时，谓语动词用单数.
10 minutes is enough.
4 “the +姓氏名词的复数”表示“一家人、….夫妇”，作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The Blacks ______（enjoy) working in China。
四．个体原则
1. every +…。and every +…..或each+…and each +…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Every man and every woman _____(be） busy at working。
2。 each， either， neither 等词，作代词充当主语，谓语动词用单数。

Neither of us _____（have) been abroad。 Neither answer _____(be) wrong .
3（somebody,nobody,everything，anything 等） 不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
4 成双成对出现的复数名词（glasses，shoes,trousers， gloves 等）作主语时,通常谓
语动词用复数，但前面有a /the pair of;a /the suit of 等修饰时，则谓语动词要与量词(pair， suit， piece ）在单复数上保持一致
A pair of scissors__be） useful tool for a dressmaker。 Two pieces of paper ___(be ） on the desk 。
5。 以复数形式出现,却表示单数意义(maths， physics， news …）谓语用单数。
Maths_____(be） my favorite subject。
6。“the +形容词（old /young /rich /poor ）”表示“一类人”,作主语时，谓语用复数。
The young ______(like) listening to popular songs 。
被动语态
一 概念
主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态: 表示主语是动作的承受者.
He wrote a novel。 （主语he 是动作wrote 的执行者,是主动语态。）
The classroom was cleaned by him yesterday。(主语是动作的承受者，是被动语态。）
二 结构
be +动词过去分词（be done）
三 用法：
1）当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或动作的执行者是谁并不重要时,需用被动语态。
Street lights _______（turn) on at six in winter.
The new text book _______(use) next term.
2） 当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。
This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.
The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.
四 被动语态的时态:
1.一般现在时的被动语态：
am /is/ are +动词的过去分词
2.一般过去时的被动语态：
was /were +动词的过去分词
3.一般将来时的被动语态：
will be +动词的过去分词
4.现在进行时的被动语态：
am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词
5。现在完成时的被动语态：
have /has +been +动词的过去分词
6. 过去完成时的被动语态：
had +been +动词的过去分词
7.情态动词的被动语态：
情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词
一、选择题
（   )1。_____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A。 Is; built          B. Was； built     C. Does; build    D. Did ； build
（   ）2。 An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened  B. was happened  C。 is happened    D。 happened
(   )3。Cotton(棉花） ____ in the southeast of China。
A。 is grown          B. are grown      C. grows         D. grow
(   ）4.So far， the moon ____ by man already.
A。 is visited          B. will be visited   C。 has been visited  D. was visited
（   ）5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week。
    A. is given           B. has been given   C. will be given   D。 gives
(   )6。How many trees ____ this year?
    A。 are planted        B. will plant        C。 have been planted  D。 planted
(   )7。A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now。
    A。 are doing          B. are being done   C. has been done  D. will be done
（   )8。—-When ___ this kind of computers______? ——Last year。
    A. did; use           B. was; used        C. is； used       D。 are; used
（   ）9。The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
    A。 knows            B. knew           C。 is known       D. was known
(   )10.Who _____ this book _____？
    A。 did; written        B。 was； written by   C。 did； written     D. was; written
（   )11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
    A. was told us        B. was told to us     C. is told us       D. told us
（   )12。The monkey was seen _____ off the tree。
    A。 jump             B。 jumps           C. jumped        D。 to jump
（   ）13.The school bag ___ behind the chair.
    A。 puts              B。 can be put        C。 can be putted   D。 can put
（   ）14。Older people ____ well。
     A。 looks after        B。 must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after
（   ）15。Our teacher ______ carefully.
     A。 should be listened to B. should be listen    C. be listened    D。 is listened
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1。It’s said（据说） that the long bridge______________(build）in two months．
2。Where to have the meeting ______________ (discuss）now．
3。Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？
4.The lost boy_____________(not find）so far．
5.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
6. The students _____ often _____（tell) to take care of their desks and chairs。
7. The old man is ill。 He ______ (must send) to the hospital。
8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ （sell) in this shop。
9。 What _______ knives  ______ （make） of ？
  They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood。
10。 Can the magazine ________ （take) out of the library?
11。 The room _____________ (clean） by me every day.
12。 The stars can’t _____________ （see） in the daytime.
13. Some flowers _______________ (water） by Li Ming already。
14. This kind of shoes __________ （sell) well.
15。 How long _____ your uncle ______(be） in the city？
16。 The food _____________ (smell） delicious.
17。 Look！ Someone __________（dance）。

主谓一致
1。       There _______ （be） a goat and some sheep under the tree。
2。       There _______ many a difference between the cup and the glass.
3。       On the hill _________ (stand） many tall trees。
4.       Tom together with his classmates ________ （like） playing football.
5.       The younger brother， rather than his two elder brothers, _______（be) to answer for the wrong doings.
6.       My sister Lucy as well as my brother Tom ________（do) well in English。
7。       An iron and steel works， along with some satellite factories， _______ （be) to be built in my hometown。
8.       Look, Mr。 Wang, as well as his students， ___________ (do) morning exercises。
9。       Miss White, not her parents _______（be) going to pay a visit to the Great Wall.
10.   John, as much as his brothers be) responsible for the loss。
11。   More than one teacher in our school _________ (be） kind to the students.
12。   More teachers than one in our school _______（be) kind to the students。
13。   More persons than one _______ (be） arrested by the police.
14.   A number of geese ________ (swim） on the river now.
15.   The number of the geese on the river __________ （be) one hundred.
16.   My sister and his brother often ______ （go） skating together.
17.   Both Tom and Mike __________ （be) weak in Chinese.
18。   Twenty and thirty __________ （be) fifty。
19.   Neither Tom nor Mike ___________ (be） satisfied with their exam result。
20.   Either you or he _________ (be) good at Chinese.
21。   Tom or Mike ________ (enjoy） living and working in Beijing。
22.   One hundred years ________（be） not too long。
23。   There ______ (go） the bell。
24。   The judge and headmaster often ________ （have) noodles for lunch.
25.   The judge and the headmaster often ________ (have） noodles for lunch。
26.   A lot of people usually ________ （gather） in front of the hall on Sundays.
27。   Each boy and each girl in our class ________ (be） able to sing in English。
28。   No bird and no beast _______（see） on the lonely island.
29.   Many a boy and many a girl _______(see) the film already.
30。   Every teacher and every student _______ (have) access to the building.
31.   Every teacher and student _______ （have) access to the building.
32。   Not only you but also I _________ （be） tired of having biology.
33.   Not only you but also everyone in our class ___________ （feel） like seeing movies。
34.   Not you, but I _______ (be) to blame。
35.   Mathematics ______ （be） very dull。 We don’t like it。
36.   Writing stories and articles _______ (be) what I enjoy most。
37.   The United States ________ (lie) to the south of Canada.
38.   Here _______ (be） the news.
39.   Time and tide _________ （wait) for no man。
40。   Early to bed and early to rise _______(make） you healthy， wealthy and wise.
41。   All work and no play _______（make) Jack a dull boy。
42。   No boy and no girl ________ (be） on the playground.
43。   Each of the students ______ （have）a new book。
44.   The students each _______ (have) a new book.
45.   This pair of trousers ________ （be） very expensive。
46。   His trousers _______ (be) very expensive.
47。   Two thirds of the apple _______ （be） bad.
48.   Two thirds of the apples _______ (be) bad。
49.   Two thirds of the work ________ (be) finished.
50.   Ten percent of the students _______（be) absent today.
51。   The rest of the apples ________（be) bad。
52.   The Arabian Nights _________ （be） a very interesting story—book。
53。   One and a half bananas ________（be） left on the table.
54.   A year and a half _______ (have） passed。
55.   One and a half years _______（have) passed.
56。   Half of the books _______(be) best-sellers。
57。   Half of the land _______ (have) been cultivated。
58。   Between the two windows _________（hang） a mirror.
59.   The manager or his assistants ________(be) planning to draw up the agreement.
60.   The rich ______ (be) not always happy。
61。   The old _______（be) apt to catch H1N1.
62.   The dead_____be) is Tom’s grandpa。
63。   When and where to build the houses ____________ （be） not decided yet.
64.   Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment _______(be） not known。
65。   The poet and musician ________ （be) going to give us a speech next week。
66.   Beer from America and Holland _______ much lighter than British beer.
67.   Indian and China tea _______ （smell) totally different from each other.
68.   The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _______(be)from the countryside in our school.
69。   Tom is one of the students who _______ (come) from the USA in our school.
70.   Two and two _______(be） four。
71.   Ten times five _______（be) fifty.
72。   Two fives _______（make） ten.
73。   Ten into fifty _______(be） five.
74.   Sixty minus forty _______（be） twenty。
75.   Five multiplied by eight _______（ equal) forty.
76   25 divided by 5 _______ ( equal) 5。
77。   Every means _______(have） been tried。
78.   All the means _______（have） been tried.
79。   The quickest means of travel _______（be) by plane。
80.   Twenty miles _______ （be） a long way for me.
81.   To learn English, five years _______(be) not a long time。
82。   There _______（be) sixty minutes in an hour.
83.   Two hundred dollars _______ all I need.
84.   A series of debates between the lecturers _______(be) scheduled for the next week。
Answers to the questions

1。       is
2。       is
3。       stand
4。       likes
5。       is
6.       does
7。       is (works 工厂,单数名词。)
8.       is doing
9。       is
10。   is
11.   is
12.   are
13。   were
14.   are
15。   is
16.   go
17。   are
18。   is
19。   is
20。   is
21。   enjoys
22.   is
23.   goes
24.   has
25.   have
26。   gather
27.   is
28.   is seen
29。   has seen
30。   has
31.   has
32。   am
33.   feels
34.   am
35.   is（politics\economics\mathematics等学科名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式.）
36。   is
37.   is
38.   is
39。   wait （并列主语)
40.   makes
41.   makes(同一个或关系紧密地概念并列用单数）
42.   is
43.   has
44.   have
45.   is
46.   are
47。   is
48.   are
49.   is
50。   are
51。   are
52.   is
53。   is/are
54。   has（强调时间段）
55。   have（强调时间单位）
56。   are
57。   have
58。   is hung
59。   are
60.   are
61.   are
62。   is
63。   hasn’t been （只有一个不定式）
64。   are
65。   is
66.   is
67。   smell（两种茶）
68.   is （当先行词是the only one of …时，定语从句动词只能用单数。)
69。   come
70.   is/are
71.   is/are
72.   makes/make
73。   is
74。   is
75.   equals
76.   equals (1。 所有减法都用单数；2. 用multiplied by表示“被乘”,用into和divided 表示“被除”时只能用单数。)
77.   has
78.   have
79.   is
80.   is
81。   is
82.   are
83.   is
84。   wa