中考英语名词专项复习.doc

完整版)中考英语名词专项复习
中考英语名词专题复习

名词分为：普通名词、专有名词和复合名词

专有名词：
1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao
2。表示地名: 如： China USA England Beijing
3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：
Sunday Monday Tuesday January February
4.表示中外节日：
国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s Day
Women's Day
中国节日: Spring Festival Mid—autumn Day National Day
西方节日: Christmas Day Easter（复活节）Father’s Day Mother’s Day Saint Valentine's Day（情人节）
5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称,它们往往缩写，如：
CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN IT
NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP
1。drink---coffee, milk,tea…
2。food———rice，bread,meat…porridge， tofu，…
3.sugar,salt，pepper，butter…
4。weather-——rain，snow,ice,cloud，wind…
5。cotton，silk，wool,mental,paper，wood,glass, plastic

可数名词单数一般可用a,an,one来修饰 注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book，＊ an English book，＊ an hour。

名词的复数形式
规则变化
(1) 一般在复数名词后加“s"
dog – dogs book – books
（2） 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”
box – boxes watch – watches bus—-buses
（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es"
country – countries factory – factories
请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s"
boy – boys holiday—holidays monkey – monkeys
（4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es”
half – halves shelf – shelves knife – knives leaf – leaves
特殊:belief—-—beliefs roof--—roofs
(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s，读作/z/。potato，tomato,hero除外
＊ piano – pianos ＊ zoo – zoos
radio-radios bamboo—-bamboos

2。不规则变化
(1)单复数同形
fish–fish Japanese – Japanese Chinese-Chinese sheep–sheep
(2)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth – teeth foot – feet
(3).变man为 men
man – men woman – women
policeman – policemen
Frenchman – Frenchmen
请区别：German（德国人) – Germans
（“中日”不变“英法”变,其余s加后面)
(4)。常以复数形式出现的名词
people clothes shoes trousers glasses
这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数
＊ My clothes are newer than yours。

3。可数名词可以被a, an， one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修饰
＊There are a few people in the park。
*How many knives are there in your pencil—box？
1.Several _____ are talking  under the tree．And they are talking about______.
A．woman； children B．woman； child C．women; children
2. There are three in my family.
A。 people B. person C。 child
3。 Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day。
A。 Germans B。 Germen C。 Germany D。 Germanies
4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______。 
A。 sheeps; knifes B。 sheeps; knife C。 sheep; knives D. sheep； knife
5. There are four_______and two_______in the group.
A。 Japanese，Germen B。 Japaneses，Germen
C. Japanese，German D. Japanese,Germans
★不可数名词
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如： water，rice，fish，meat 等.
work chalk time space music money weather homework
wood information news medicine
1。单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数
Some bread is over there.
No news is good news.
2.不可数名词不能被a， an， one， two等修饰常用how much, much, a little， little, a lot of， lots of， some， any，plenty of 等修饰
They had much money。
He does little housework at home.
＊a rice （X） two bread (X)
3.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) work（工作） – a work（著作） time(时间） – times(次数)

练习
①。 Please give me ______ paper。 
A. one B。 a pieces C。 a piece D。 a piece of
②。 This table is made of_______。
A。 many glass B。 some glasses C. glasses D. glass
③。 —What can I do for you, sir？
—I’d like two_________.
A.bottle of milk B。bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks
④。 We can do the work better with______money and ________ people。
A。 less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little， little D。 few, few

当people， class， family, team, group, public， police 等集体名词做主语时,如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时,就用复数。
e.g The class are waiting for her。
Tom’s family _____ rather big. Tom's family _________ film fans。
news, maths， politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。
e。g The news makes her very happy。
Maths ___ not easy for him.

名词所有格
表示名词间的所有关系“ …的”
一。名词所有格的构成方法
1。一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“'s”
Kangkang’s father Lucy’s book
2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ’”即可
Teachers’ office The Greens' house
3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“'s”
＊ Children’ s Day ＊ men' s shoes
4.无生命名词的所有关系用of *a picture of the classroom
加名词,构成所属关系的短语
＊the color of the wall
5。 双重所有格, of+名词性物主代词/名词后加” ’s”,A photo of Mary’s

June 1st is ____Day。 All the Children enjoy it very much.
A。 Children B. Childrens’ C. Children’s D。 Child
The two bedroom are the ____。
A. twins B. twin’s C 。twins’ D。 twins
6。如果事物为 2人或2人以上共同所有，在最后一个名词后加—'s; 如果事物不是 2人或2人共同所有,而是分别有的，则在 2个名词后都加—'s
。 Lucy is ____ sister.
A。 Mary and Jack B。 Mary’s and Jack’s C。 Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack's
。有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生命的东西,也可以加 -‘s 构成所有格
It’s ____from our school to my home.
A。 ten minutes' walk B. ten minute's walk
C。 ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk

1 广东的省会the capital of Guangdong
2 教室的门the doors of the classroom
3 我父亲的一个朋友a friend of my father’s
4 他的两个兄弟two brothers of his
5 爱迪生的一些发明some inventions of Edison’s
6 他弟弟的一张照片（照片属于他弟弟） a picture of his brother’s
7 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟） a picture of his brother

1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数
* There are three banana trees over there.
2. man woman用做定语时，应与后面的名词保持数的一致
＊We need a man teacher。
*They are all women workers。
3。sports，clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式
*a sports star ＊a clothes shop

练习
Our hospital needs two___doctors， Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try.
A. women B。 man C。woman D. men
Our hospital needs two___doctors, Mrs。 Li. You can ask your son to have a try。
A. women B。 man C.woman D。 men
名词所有格的几个注意点
可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略
* my aunt's ( home） (我姑姑家）
* go to the teachers’ （ office） （去老师办公室）
Go to the doctor's

练习题

1、—Is it true that some colors can make us feel relaxed?
-Yes.Colors do have the ______ to change our feelings and moods.
A．secret  B．power  C．idea  D．experience
2、In western countries, ________ are thrown away each day.
  A。 mountains of rubbish   B。 mountains of rubbishes C. a lot of rubbish   D。 a lot of rubbishes
3、 –How soon shall we start the bicycle trip？        —- _________.
A。 In five day’s time         B。 In five days' time C。 In five days time    D。 For five days
4、 Do you have any ________and ________for lunch?
     A。 chicken； tomatoes   B. chicken； tomato C。 chickens; tomatoes   D. chickens; tomato
5、What ________ will global warming （全球变暖) bring us? Scientists have given us a clear list.
  A．news     B．dangers      C．courses          D．advantages
6、-You won first prize in the physics competition.
— Are you kidding？ I made several terrible ______．
A. mistake               B. mistakes C. problem               D。 problems
7、—The first World Internet Conference was held in Wuzhen， Zhejiang last November.
—Yes.It is the largest and the highest __of Internet conference which was held in our country.
A．power  B．knowledge  C．energy  D．level
8、—Why are you so late today？
—Because the ______ was so heavy。I spent about two hours driving here。
A．traffic  B．road  C．situation
9、 Ted was facing a difficult ______between staying with his family and working abroad。
A．choose  B．chose  C．choice  D．chosen
10、—What would you like to say to your ________ before leaving school？
—I’d like to say “Thank you very much！ I’ve learnt a lot from you in the past three years.”
    A。 teachers B。 workers C。 doctors   D. engineers
11、-—-Yesterday， my father bought me a new mobile phone as a present, but I don’t know how to use it。
       -——Why not read the _______first before using it？
A。 expressions   B。 contributions  C。 advertisements  D. instructions
12、China's hot words，like Duang，tuhao，are         of the times．They have become known abroad．
A．contributions    B．examples C．products          D．achievements
13、Nowadays some_______made in China are both good and cheap， such as Xiaomi mobile phones， Haier fridges and Lenovo computers。
A。 tools B。 products    C。 materials    D。 instruments
14、–Could you give me a few ______ on how to spend the coming summer holiday?
  --OK。 Let me see.
A. hobbies  B. knowledge  C. suggestions  D. information
15、————May I take your order？
--—-I would like _______。
A。 two large bowls of soup     B。 two large bowl of soup
C .two large bowls soup        D. two large bowls of soups
16、We believe One Belt，One Road will help China improve the _____ with lots of countries．
A．population      B．situation     C．environment   D．relationship
17、﹣Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera．
﹣That's true．It's an important part of Chinese____________．
A．culture    B．invention C．custom
18、I don’t know how to deal with my family problem。 Can you give me some_______?
A. messages        B. instructions     C。 advice           D。 information
19、-—I wonder if you've made a decision on the project， Eric。
—-Not yet. I can’t make it until I have first—hand       on prices.
A. news                B。 knowledge                C。 information      D. education
20、 _____about Japan earthquake keep everyone in deep sorrow.(悲痛）
A. News                    B。 Information            C. Advice                   D. Messages
21、It’s said that more than 100 _________ will attend this meeting in Shanghai。
A．man teachers         B．woman teachers C．men teachers        D．womans teachers
22、Do you know Mr。 Bake? He is _____________teacher．
A．Jenny and Danny                           B．Jenny and Danny' s
C．Jenny' s and Danny’ s                        D．Jenny or Danny' s
23、I don’t think _______ should be allowed to drive．
A．fourteen – years – olds                    B．fourteen years – olds
C．fourteen – year-olds                     D．fourteen – years olds
24、—Can I help you？
—I’d like ____________ for my twin daughters.
A．two pair of shoes     B．two pairs of shoe C．two pair of shoe         D．two pairs of shoes
25、Wang Ning likes talking with people, writing stories and working for a TV station, maybe he will be _____________ when he grows up。.
A．an actor               B．a policeman      C．a doctor                D．a reporter
26—The land in the southwest of China is in great need of        ．
—Yes ,it hasn't rained for a long time there．
A．milk         B．tea            C．coffee              D．water
27、She always gets the highest marks in the exam．She is one of __________ in her class．
A．best students      B．the top students C．the best student      D．top student
28、I have realized the _________ of learning English．I must work bard．
A．secret          B．experience             C．importance           D．important
29、You have a _____．You should stop eating anything．
A．headache         B．backache         C．stomachache         D．fever
30、We have three _______ jobs for you． And they are _______ interesting．
A．kinds of； kinds of                               B． kind of； kinds of
C．kind of; kind of                                   D． kinds of; kind of
31、Sam eats too much ________。 He doesn’t eat any _______
A. chickens; tomato                  B. tomato; chicken
C。 chicken; tomatoes                 D. tomatoes； chicken
32、He can play        . And he can play          , too。
A．basketball … the piano           B．a basketball… a guitar
C．the basketball… piano            D．basketball… guitar
33、All the _______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.
A. man                         B. men                         C。 woman                    D. women
34、Mrs. Bond is an old friend of          .
A．Jack mother     B．Jack mother’s C．Jack's mother  D．Jack’s mother’s
35、-Where are the two                   ？
—They are talking in the office．
A．woman writers         B．women writer C．woman's writer       D．women writers
36、Come on，children．Help yourselves to some              if you like．
A．fish and chicken    B．fishes and chicken C．fish and chickens   D．fishes and chickens
37、As a student， working hard is your ________。
A。 response                B. responsible             C. responsibility    D. responsibly
38、Mr 。Smith always has _____ to tell us。
A。 some good pieces of news          B. some pieces of good news
C。 some good piece of newes          D。 some piece of good newes
39、It would be __ good____ for me to achieve my dream.
A. an; experience     B./； experiences        C. a； experience  D./; experience
40、I have three pen pals. One is        , the other two are           
A。 Japanese, America            B. Russian， Germany

C. Canada。 Australia                D. English, Frenchmen

1、 There were a lot of _____________at the party. 有许多人参加聚会
2、 At least ten___________were killed in the traffic accident. 至少有10人在这次交通事故中丧生。
3、 The book is about the history of the_____________of China.这是一本关于中国各民族的历史的书。
4、 Hundreds of ___________were trying to control the violence.数以百计的警察在奋力控制暴力行为。
5、 Kevin's _________lives in an apartment building near the Lover River。 凯文家住在爱河河畔的公寓大楼。
6、 There are about fifty ______________in the building。
7、 Peter usually orders_____ a vegetable soup and a cup of coffee for lunch.彼得经常点一份鱼、一份蔬菜汤和一杯咖啡当午餐。
8、 ____________ is my favourite food, but my brother refuses___________all the time.鱼肉是我最喜爱的食物，可是我弟弟绝不吃鱼肉.
9、 You can find two__________by Lu Xun in that bookstore。在那家书店你能找到两部鲁迅的作品。
10、There is a chemical _________near the village。那个村庄附近有一家化工厂。
11、There are three __________ of milk on the table. 桌子上有3瓶牛奶。
12、It is made of ___________那是由玻璃制成的。
13、She was so angry that she broke two glasses yesterday。她非常生气,昨天打碎了两个玻璃杯.
14、Little Tom is being schooled at the ______________(名词所有格)小汤姆正在老师的办公室·
15、The _____will fall in autumn。（名词所有格)在秋天,大部分的树叶都会掉落。
16。——Mom， could you pass me some__________? It’s delicious。
______OK， but only a little。
A、butter B、apples C、tomatoes D、sandwiches
17、All the_______________teachers and the _______students there are playing basketball on the playground.
A、men; boys B、men; boy C、man; boy D、man; boys
18、——Miss Li, could you give me________on English learning?
______Certainly, First you should speak English every day.
A、any advices B、many advices C、some advice
19、——Can I help you, sir？
——I’d like to have 100______， I want my students to draw pictures.
A、piece of paper B、pieces of paper C、pieces of papers D、pieces of papers
20、________mothers can’t come to the meeting because they have gone to Dalian。
A、Sally’s and Jane B、Sally and Jane's C、Sally and Jane D、Sally’s and Jane’s
21、______are going to come