牛津英语8B知识点梳理.doc

牛津(8B)词组、句型语法总结Unit 1 treesI. Phrases动词词组：1. be interested in 2. be known as 3. be in danger 4. breathe pure, cool air 5. communicate with sb 6. keep sb alive and healthy 7. know a lot about sth 8. protect sb/sth from sth 9. protect by sth/doing sth10. read through sth 11. release sth into sth 12. taste nasty 13. thank sb for sth/doing sth 14. warn sb/sth (not) to do sth名词词组：1. average age 2. living things 3. one another其他词组：as well asII. Sentence Patterns1. What good be sth?2. I suppose that+从句3. Sb be doing sth these days.Grammer现在进行时1.表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present（目前）、this week（本周）、these days（这几天），all the time(一直)等时间状语连用。What lesson are you studying this week？你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学）2.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时，但此时，一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用，而且仅限于少量动词。如：come（来）、go（去）、leave（离开）、arrive（到达）、start（开始）、return（返回）、sleep（睡觉）Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow？你明天去天津吗？How many of you are coming to the party next week？ 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？ Unit 2 WaterI. Phrases动词词组：1. pour into the sink 2. sound impatient/puzzled 3. add A to B 4. carry sb to some place 5. clean up6. drop sth into some place 7. enjoy the view 8. finish with sth 9. pump sth into some place 10. speed down the mountain11. run into the Huangpu River12. turn it off 13. travel a long way名词词组：1. a water treatment works 2. a sewage plant 3. a thorough cleaning 4. the Yangtze RiverII. Sentence Patterns1. It is + adj + for sb + to do2. It is time (for sb) to do sth3. until/till 直到not until 直到才4. What do you mean by sth/doing sth?Grammar：amountsA lot of/lots of/plenty of+可数名词a large amount of +不可数名词a little ,much ,a few ,many,a number of 和the number of 之间的区别Unit 3 ElectricityI. Phrases动词词组：1. be careful with sth 2. be connected to sth 3. buy sth in packets 4. change sth into sth5. flow through a wire 6. get sb sth = get sth for sb 7. look adj(eg.foolish) 8. make electricity 9. refer to sth10. scratch ones head 11. think of 名词词组：1. a light bulb 2. a power station 3. a packet of4. heat/movement/light/sound energy5. thin wires介词词组：1. in a way = partly 2. on ones faceII. Sentence Patterns1. Can sb do sth? May sb do sth?Sb must (not) do sth.-Must sb do sth?-Yes, sb must./ No, sb neednt.2. Sb believe/know/think/tell/wonder/ask + 宾语从句3. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, We will go for a picnic.He wonders if/whether it will rain tomorrow.Grammar: Modal verbs:can/could之间的区别 ,must/need ,may提问的回答，should,ought to疑问句及否定回答 ，may be /maybe之间的区别 Unit 4 NewspapersI. Phrases动词词组：1. agree to do/ with sb/ on sth 2. arrange to do sth 3. attend a/the meeting4. be at the meeting5. be responsible for sth6. conclude the meeting7. elect sb to be + 称谓/职位/官衔8. have different ideas9. hold a meeting10. make a list of 11. make a decision about sth12. ought (not) to do13. pay for sth14. publish a newspaper15. take charge of = be in charge of16. take notes17. talk over sth18. vote for sb 名词词组：1. a pile of 2. chief editor介词词组：in one weeks time其他词组：1. soon after 2. not any more = no moreII. Sentence Patterns1. -Ought sb to do sth?-Yes, sb ought to do sth./No, sb oughtnt to do sth2. Sb suggest that sb (should) do sth. Sb suggest doing sth. Grammer宾语从句时态；主现从随意、主过从过去，真理永不变语序：陈述语序宾语从句语序特殊情况1.Whats wrong?/Whats the matter?/Whats your trouble?2.Which is the way to?3.Who引导的特殊疑问句且who做主语，变为宾语从句时，其语序不变。引导词：that ，if、whether，特殊疑问词人称：一随主，二随宾，：第三人称不更新宾从否定前移及缩写宾从反意疑问句代词:it,each/everyUnit 5 magazine articlesI. Phrases动词词组：1. (not) belong to sb 2. be happy to do sth 3. describe sth to sb 4. fall down 5. go to sleep 6. go off 7. have a conversation with sb 8. hear sb do sth9. keep balance10. keep sth out (eg. keep the smoke out)11. look/watch out12. lead sb to some place13. make sure14.obey the rules15. pull at sb16. save ones life17. smell smoke18. seem like 19. sound like + noun. 20. take care of 21. taste horrible 22. try the phone 23. walk into some place名词词组：1. reception desk 2. the location of the fire exit 3. moments/seconds later介词词组：1. in ones own words 2. against the rules 3. during the fire其他词组：as soon asII. Sentence Patterns1. Can I have my key, please?2. It was dead.3. 主句 + as soon as/when/before/after + 从句(时态：主将从现)4. Although + 从句，主句5. 主句 + because /as/since/now that + 从句Sb/sth + be + so + adj + that + 从句 (比较 ：enough to do ；too to do )6. 主句 + so that + 从句7. Safety first!8. Help oneself. Teach oneself. Make oneself at home. Enjoy oneself.Grammar：1. 结果状语从句(1)sothat, suchthat, so that 引导。(2)sothat语such.that可以互换。结构： such a/an(形容词)+ 单数名词+that从句 such（+形容词）+复数可数名词+that从句 such（+形容词）+不可数名词+that从句 so+形容词/副词+that从句 so+形容词（+a/an)+名词+that从句 注：So+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词=such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词 (3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such。.2. 比较状语从句1.由as(形容词副词原级)as, 比较级 + than等连词引导。“比较级+and+比较级”译为“越来越”1. The earth is getting warmer and warmer.地球变得越来越暖和。2. “the+比较级，the+比较级”译为“越就越”1. The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙就越高兴。3.“the+比较级+ of the two”译为“两个中比较的”。1. This watch is the cheaper of the two.这支手表是两个中比较便宜的。3. 目的状语从句（1）通常由 so that, in order that引导。（2）so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could,等。从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。 (3)so that, in order that可以转换成so as to和in order to简单句。 4. 让步状语从句（1）由although, though等连词引导。（2）although(though)but不能用在同一个句子中5 .用tooto/ so that改写句子用enoughto/sothat改写句子Unit 6 travelI. Phrases动词词组：1. be excellent in sth 2. be covered with sth3. be an hour away from4. be similar to 5. sth be familiar to sb = sb be familiar with sth6. be famous for/ be known as7. enable sb to do sth8. further ones studies 9. go abroad 10. go for a holiday 11. remind sb of sth 12. spread ones wings 13.try doing sth/ to do sth 14. used to do sth/be used to doing sth/be used to do sth名词词组：1. French Film Festivals 2. language schools3. mountain regions 4. rows of5. scenic areas 6. tree-lined streets 7. the influence of sb/sth 8. the worlds top designer names 9. the Atlantic Ocean 10. the capital of France 11. The Channel Tunnel介词词组：1. all over the world = throughout the world2. from to3. in addition = besides/whats more4. in some ways5. in art and culture其他词组：1. the same + noun + as 2. such as + nounII. Sentence Patterns1. Now that + 从句，主句2. It is + adj + to do sth3. Why not do sth? = Why dont you do sth? = What about doing sth? Grammar:连词就近原则：not only.but also., or, either.or., neither.nor. ，there be ，notbut就远原则: as well as, together withBoth+不可数and+不可数谓语用复数 Unit 7 poemsI. Phrases动词词组：1. be cross2. be scared 3. be pleased with sth 4. be puzzled by 5. chat with sb6. sb be bored with sth/sth be boring to sb 7. feel like doing sth8. find sth interesting 9. go to sleep/bed 10. have a shower11. pay attention (to)12. put sb in detention13. sit in a chair 介词词组：1. on ones own 2. on the building siteII. Sentence Patterns1. -Whose friend is sb?-Sb is ones/mine/yours/his/hers/theirs.2. There is sb doing sth3. I would like to do sthGrammar:疑问代词whose“谁的”对名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词提问Whos=who is 对某人提问One、ones，One代替前面已经出现过的单数可数名词，以避免重复Ones一般指代前面已经出现过的复数可数名词It/one都可指代前面提到的名词，但it代替的是前面提到的那件特指的事物，而one所指代的是前面提到的同类事物，但不是同一件。9