1、必修 1 不规则动词规律总结 动词时态:英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。 时间主要有四个主要部分: 即现在、过去、将来和 过去将来。 动作方面也有四种: 即一般、完成、进行和完成进行。把这些时间和动作方面结合在一起就构成16种动词时态,具体如下: 1.一般现在时(do); 2.一般过去时(did); 3.一般将来时( will do) ( be going to do); 4.一般过去将来时( would do); 5.现在进行时( be doing); 6.过去进行时(was/w
2、ere doing); 7.将来进行时( will be doing); 8.过去将来进行时( would be doing) ( was/were going to do); 9.现在完成时(have done); 10.过去完成时( had done); 11.将来完成时( will have done); 12.过去将来完成时(would have done); 13.现在完成进行时( have been doing); 14.过去完成进行时( had been doing); 15.将来完成进行时( will have been doing); 16.过去将来完成进
3、行时(would have been doing)。 ★动词一般现在时第三人称单数的变化规则 1. 一般在动词结尾直接加s E.g. help --- helps climb --- climbs talk --- talks sing --- sings 2. 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词加es;如果词尾已有e, 直接加s E.g. guess --- guesses teach --- teaches watch --- watches wash --- washes go --- goes do ---
4、 does 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词, 变y为i后, 加es E.g. study --- studies try --- tries fly --- flies ★ 规则动词的过去式及过去分词变化如下: 1. 一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed e.g. worked played wanted acted 2 .以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d e.g. lived moved decided raised 3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,e.g. studied
5、tried copied cried carried 4 .以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed eg. stopped begged dropped planned dripped ★ 不规则动词中的规律 1. A---A---A型 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Cost 花费 cost cost Cut 割/切 cut cut Hit 打 hit hit Let 让 let let Put 放下 put put Hurt
6、 伤 hurt hurt shut 关闭 shut shut set 设置/放 set set Read 读 read read 2. A---A---B型 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Beat 打 beat beaten 3. A---B---A型 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Come 来 came come Become 变 became become Run 跑 ran run 4. A ---B ---B型 1) 在动词原形后加一个辅音字
7、母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 burn 燃烧 burned/burnt burned/burnt dream 梦想 dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt learn 学习 learned/learnt learned/learnt mean 意思 meant meant spoil 破坏, 溺爱 spoilt spoilt hear 听见 heard heard (2)在动词原形后加d构成过去式和过去分词 动词原形 过去式
8、 过去分词 Hear 听到 heard heard Lie 撒谎 lied lied (3)词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 build 建筑 built built lend 借给 lent lent send 送 sent sent spend 花费 spent spent lose 失去 lost lost (4)改变动词原形中的元音字母:将i改为a , o, u等 动词原形
9、 过去式 过去分词 Win 得胜 won won Shine 发光 shone照耀/shined 擦亮 Shone 照耀 /shined 擦亮 Get 得到 got got Stand 站 stood stood Understand 明白 understood understood Sit 坐 sat sat Stick 刺入/粘贴 stuck stuck Strike 打/罢工 struck struck/stricken H
10、old 盛/握 held held (5)过去式和过去分词都以-aught或-ought结尾 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Bring 带来 brought brought Buy 买 bought bought Fight 战斗 fought fought Think 想 thought thought Catch 抓住 caught caught Teach 教 taught taught (6)某些以-ay结尾的动词,其
11、过去式和过去分词是把-ay变成-aid 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Pay 付 paid paid Lay 下蛋 laid laid Say 说 said said (7)某些以-eep结尾的动词,其过去式和过去分词是把-eep改为-ept 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Sleep 睡 slept slept Keep 保持 kept kept Sweep 扫 swept swept (8)某些以-ell结尾的动词,其过去式和过去分词是把-ell改为-elt/ -old,或在原形后加-ed 动词原形
12、 过去式 过去分词 Sell 卖 sold sold Tell 告诉 told told Smell 闻 smelt/smelled smelt/smelled Spell 拼写 spelt/spelled spelt/spelled (9)其他 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Find 发现 found found Have 有 had had Make制造 made made hang hanged绞死/ hung挂 hanged绞死/ hung挂 Feel 觉得 felt felt leave离开
13、 left left meet遇见 met met shoot射击 shot shot Dig 挖 dug dug 5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同) (1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Show 展示 showed shown Throw 抛/扔 threw thrown Blow 吹 blew blown Grow 生长 grew grown Know 知道 knew known Draw 拉/绘
14、画 drew drawn Drive 驾驶 drove driven Rise 升起 rose risen Take 拿 took taken Give 给 gave given Wake 醒 waked/ woke waked/ waken Write 写 wrote written Ride 骑 rode ridden Hide 藏 hid hidden Eat 吃 ate eaten Fall
15、 落下 fell fallen See 看见 saw seen Fly 飞 flew flown (2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Break 破碎/折断 broke broken Steal 偷 stole stolen Speak 说话 spoke spoken Choose 选择 chose chosen Freeze 冻结 froze frozen Forg
16、et 忘记 forgot forgotten (3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 Begin 开始 began begun Ring 按铃 rang rung Sing 唱 sang sung Sink 沉 sank sunk Swim 游泳 swam swum Drink 饮 drank drunk (4)其他不规则动词的变化。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 be(am, is) 是 was/ were been be(are) 是 were been Do 做 did done Go 去 went gone Lie 躺 lay lain Wear 穿 wore worn ★ 情态动词只有原形和过去式 动词原形 过去式 动词原形 过去式 can could will would may might shall should






