1、每日一练)(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld考点突破 单选题 1、My father likes meat very much while my mother always has a(an) _______ for vegetables and fruits. A.appreciationB.preferenceC.referenceD.enjoyment 答案:B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:我父亲非常喜欢吃肉,而我母亲总是偏爱蔬菜和水果。A.appreciation欣赏,感激;B.preference偏爱,偏好;C
2、reference参考;D.enjoyment享受。没有have an enjoyment for这种说法,故D选项不正确。have a preference for意思是“对……偏爱,特别喜爱”;have an appreciation for“欣赏……”;have an reference for“有一个……参考”。根据句子中while表示对比或转折可知,前后两句形成对比,“爸爸爱吃肉”而“妈妈偏爱蔬菜和水果”。故选B项。 2、The longer the war lasts, the ________ the people there will suffer. A.manyB.mu
3、chC.moreD.most 答案:C 考查固定句型。句意:战争持续得越久,那里的人民就越受苦。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”是固定句型。分析选项可知,只有C项符合。故选C项。 3、That is the very book______ I am looking for. A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:那正是我要找的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book,先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,且被the very修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。 4、The Rainbow Bookstore, ______
4、50 years ago, was closing, ______ made me heartbroken. A.dated back to; whichB.dating back to; which C.dating from; whenD.dates from; when 答案:B 考查非谓语和定语从句。句意:可以追溯到50年前的彩虹书店要关了,这让我心碎了。根据句子结构和意思可知,第一空考查动词短语“date back to”的现在分词形式作后置定语,该短语没有被动形式,只有主动形式,所以用现在分词形式作后置定语;第二个空考查定语从句,先行词是整个主句“The Rainbow B
5、ookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing”的内容,在非限制性定语从句“______ made me heartbroken”中做主语,所以用关系代词which。故选B。 5、The man ________ you shook hands just now is our new English teacher. A.with whomB.whomC.with whichD.which 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:你刚才和他握手的那个人是我们的新英语老师。分析句子结构可知,______ you shook hands just now为定语从
6、句,shake hands with sb.为固定用法,先行词the man,指人,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导。故选A。 6、There will be much joy in family reunion dinners, as elders have the chance to________, and see________the wonder of the festive season through the eyes of younger generations. A.reconnect … awakeB.reflect … aflame C.r
7、elate … afreshD.reminisce … anew 答案:D 考查动词、形容词和副词词义辨析。句意:在团圆饭中会有很多欢乐,因为老人们有机会回忆,并通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。A. reconnect再联合,再连接 … awake醒着的; B. reflect 反思,反应,反射… aflame涨红了脸,发亮地;C. relate 使有联系… afresh重新开始;D. reminisce 回忆,追忆… anew重新,再。根据句意可知,第一空处指老人们有机会追忆节日的氛围,用reminisce符合题意;第二空用副词anew修饰动词see,表示通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到
8、节日的奇迹。故选D。 7、Middle School attached to Shanghai Normal university, Minhang campus will reach its _________ of over 700 students this September. A.targetB.struggleC.balanceD.contact 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:上海师范大学附属中学闵行校区将于今年9月达到700多名学生的目标。A. target目标;B. struggle奋斗,努力;C. balance平衡;D. contact联系。根据句意,设空处应表
9、示“学校的目标”,故填名词target,作宾语。故选A。 8、She is going through a difficult phase ________ she will not only complete her college course but also look after her sick father. A.whereB.whatC.whichD.why 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:她正在经历一个困难的阶段,她不仅要完成大学课程,还要照顾生病的父亲。空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是phase,表示“阶段,时期”,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用where
10、引导,故选A项。 9、He wrote a letter ________he explained what had happened in the accident. A.whichB.thatC.howD.where 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:他写了一封信,在信里解释了事故中发生了什么。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“letter”,在从句中作地点状语,即“he explained what had happened in the accident in the letter”,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故选D项。 10、Usually, there
11、 is an interval between the two parts of the concert _____ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest. A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where 答案:C 考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词when。故选C项。 11、Notices in the waiting room requested that you can
12、neither smoke ________ shout loudly. A.andB.orC.soD.nor 答案:D 考查并列连词辨析。句意:候车室里的告示要求你不能抽烟,也不能大声喊叫。A. and和,跟;B. or或者;C. so所以;D. nor也不。由语意可知,告示应要求人们既不能吸烟,也不能大声喊叫。neither… nor…为固定搭配,表示“既不…也不…”。故选D项。 12、If a shopping mall has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in it.
13、A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:如果商店有椅子,可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫,女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词为chairs,是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故选C。 13、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________. A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure C.referre
14、d, actionD.referred to, measures 答案:D 考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。 14、We will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village. A.thatB.whichC.whenD.
15、where 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:我们将永远不会忘记我在那个村子里受到照顾的日子。A. that那个,引导从句;B. which哪个;C. when在那时;D. where在哪里。根据句子结构,此句是定语从句。先行词是the days,缺少关系词,在从句中作时间状语,故用when引导。故选C。 15、She brought her three friends to the party, none of ________ I had ever met before. A.themB.whoC.whomD.which 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:她带了她的三个朋友来参加聚会,
16、我以前都没见过他们。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词friends,且作介词of的宾语,指人,应用关系代词whom。故选C。 16、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night. A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since 答案:B 考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于d
17、uring which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。 17、There is a world of ________ between liking someone and loving them. A.differenceB.amusementC.expressionD.description 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同;B. amusement高兴;C. expression表达;D. description描写。根据句子意思可知,“like”和“love”是近义词,但是程度不一样,所以体现出它们的不同。
18、故选A项。 18、Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting. A.to whichB.against whichC.with whichD.for which 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子,此处考查介词加关系代词时,介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”,根据句意译为“为…...奋斗”为fight for,是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。 19、Is it the sch
19、ool ________ you once studied for two years ________ will be rebuilt with the help of the Hope Project? A.where; thatB.that; whichC.when; whichD.which; that 答案:A 考查定语从句和强调句。句意:在希望工程的帮助下将要重建的是你曾经学习过两年的学校吗?第一空,分析句子结构,此题考查定语从句。先行词为school,从句中缺少地点状语,应填关系副词where引导,第二空,“is it+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的疑问句形
20、式,应填that。故填A。 20、Offered the position of CEO, Mr Smith_________, preferring to keep his current job. A.struggledB.declinedC.appliedD.charged 答案:B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在获得首席执行官这一职位后,史密斯拒绝了,他更愿意保持目前的工作。A. struggled 挣扎;B.declined拒绝;C. applied申请;D. charged 控诉,收费,充电。根据空格后可知,Mr. Smith更愿意保持当前的工作,可知他拒绝了CEO这个职位。故
21、选B项。 21、Can you tell me how many athletes will ________ in the Olympic Games? A.tapB.competeC.carveD.graduate 答案:B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:你能告诉我将会有多少运动员参加奥运会吗?A. tap 轻敲;B. compete参加比赛;C. carve 雕刻;D. graduate获得学位。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里是动词作从句谓语,需要“参加比赛”的意思,在情态动词will后面,要用动词原形。故选B。 22、Life is like a marathon ______ pe
22、rseverance and consistent efforts count. A.whenB.howC.whereD.why 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:人生就像马拉松,在这当中,毅力和坚持起作用。空格处是定语从句,先行词 marathon是抽象地点,在定语从句中缺少状语,因此要用关系副词where引导。故选C。 23、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement
23、 of the company. A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where 答案:D 考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in
24、the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。 24、The White Horse Temple, ________ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, has a history of more than 1,900 years. A.datesB.datedC.datingD.to date 答案:C 考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:白马寺始建于东汉,距今已有1900多年的历史。分析句子可知,date在句子中不作谓语,且与其逻辑主语The White Horse Temple是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。 25、To be honest, I
25、 don’t want to get a job ________ I’m chained to a desk all day. It will bore me to death. A.thatB.whatC.whereD.which 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:老实说,我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。它会把我烦死的。分析句子可知,“ I’m chained to a desk all day”为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词job,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示“在这份工作中”,应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故选C项。 26、All the _______
26、 indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime. A.evidenceB.factC.factorD.cause 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:所有的证据都表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据;B. fact事实;C. factor因素;D. cause原因。由下文“indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.”可知,证据表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系,所以此处表示“证据”,应用evidence,故选A。 27、We’ve
27、always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional ________. A.interestB.attitudeC.competenceD.reputation 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直,专业能力强。A. interest兴趣;B. attitude态度;C. competence能力;D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知,Smith博士专业能力强。故选C项。 28、My attitude________him
28、 is that of a friend. A.toB.asC.onD.For 答案:A 考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。 29、There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer
29、her his seat. A.whileB.asC.whenD.unless 答案:C 考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there was a time when,先行词是time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。 30、It is in this very town, __________Tom was born 40 years ago, __________he will build a new school, __________excites everyone i
30、n the town. A.that; that; whichB.that; where; thatC.where; that; whichD.where; when; that 答案:C 考查强调句和定语从句。句意:正是在这个40年前汤姆出生的小镇上,他将建造一所新学校,这使镇上的每个人都感到兴奋。第一空引导定语从句,先行词是town,从句缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where引导;第二空与前文“It is in this very town”构成强调句,强调地点状语“in this very town”,应用that;第三空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是school,从句缺少主语,应用
31、关系代词which引导。故选C项。 完成句子 31、我建议立即购买提到的那本字典。 I recommend that the dictionary ________ be bought at once. 答案:referred to (should) 考查非谓语和虚拟语气。根据语法规则recommend表示“建议”时,从句中的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形表示虚拟语气,分析句子结构可知,“提到的”应作定语来修饰“ the dictionary”,所以应用过去分词referred to 作后置定语,所以空格处应填referred to (should)。故填referred t
32、o (should)。 32、昨晚,那位科学家在演讲中三次提到全球气候变暖。 The scientist ________ ________ global warming three times in his speech last night. 答案: referred to 考查短语和时态。短语refer to表示“提到”,符合汉语句意,根据last night可知,时态为一般过去时。故填①referred②to。 33、During their visit to that country, they____________. 在他们访问那个国家期间,他们与当地
33、人愉快地交流。 答案:communicated with natives happily 考查时态、动词短语和副词。“与某人交流”可译为communicate with sb. ,“当地人”可译为natives。根据原文可知,句子描述的是过去发生的动作,因此用一般过去时。“愉快地”可译为happily,作状语。故填communicated with natives happily。 34、这就是我和我的哥哥度过欢乐童年的村庄。 This is ________my brother and I spent our happy childhood. 答案:the village in w
34、hich/ where 考查名词和定语从句。根据中英文提示,空格处缺少“村庄”作表语,译为village,根据句意表示特指,加定冠词the;分析句子可知,“my brother and I spent our happy childhood”是定语从句,修饰先行词the village,先行词在从句中作地点状语,可用关系副词where,或者in which引导该定语从句。故填the village in which/where。 35、尽管生病了,怀特先生还是来参加了毕业典礼。 __________ illness, Mr White attended the graduation ce
35、remony. 答案:Despite/In spite of 考查介词(短语)。根据句意和句子结构,此处需要表示“尽管”的介词(短语)与空后的名词illness构成介宾短语,故填Despite/In spite of。 36、你们需要坚持不懈,努力去训练自己的头脑,培养自身的性格。 You need to make a continuous ________ to train your mind and ________ your ________. 答案: effort develop character 考查名词和动词。结合句意表示“坚持不懈”应用名词e
36、ffort,作宾语;表示“培养自身性格”短语为develop your character,为不定式作目的状语。故填①effort;②develop ;③character。 37、她向我们准确地形容过那房子。 She ________of the house. 答案:gave us an accurate description 考查时态和固定短语。give sb. a description of向某人描述,表示“准确”可以用形容词accurate修饰名词description,accurate以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an修饰。句子陈述过去事情,用一般过去时,give使用过去式g
37、ave。故填gave us an accurate description。 38、他迟到的原因是他睡过头了。(why) The reason ________________ was that he overslept. 答案:why he was late 考查定语从句和时态。分析可知,空处为定语从句,修饰先行词reason;结合空后was可知,定语从句的时态为一般过去时。表示“他迟到了”为he was late,为主系表结构,因而先行词reason在定语从句中作状语,所以用关系副词why引导,故填why he was late。 39、Over the years, the s
38、ystem developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(现在分词作结果状语) The government has recently introduced more cancer drugs, __________ to be cured.政府最近引进了更多的癌症药物,使更多的病人得以治愈。 答案:allowing more patients 考查
39、固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给汉语提示可知,空处表示“使更多病人得以”,allow是动词意为“使……得以”,句中存在谓语动词has introduced,这里使用非谓语动词形式,且逻辑主语是主句整句,与allow之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词形式作伴随状语,现在分词allowing的宾语是more patients。故填allowing more patients。 40、我们都知道成功由三个重要的因素组成:天分、勤奋和运气。 What is well known to us all is that ________. 答案:success consists of/is made up
40、 of three important factors: talent, diligence and luck 考查名词、固定短语、时态和主谓一致。根据根据汉语意思,“成功”翻译为success,“由……组成”翻译为consist of或be made up of,“因素”翻译为factor,“天分”翻译为talent,“勤奋”翻译为diligence,“运气”翻译为luck;根据前面主句的时态是一般现在时,后面表语从句的时态也应该是一般现在时;因为表语从句的主语success是不可数名词,所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数;factor是可数名词,要用复数形式。故填success consis
41、ts of/is made up of three important factors: talent, diligence and luck。 语法填空 41、The gentleman ___________ ____________you spoke just now is our headmaster. (用适当的词填空) 答案: to##with whom 考查定语从句。句意:刚才和你说话的那位先生是我们的校长。“you spoke just now”是限制性定语从句,先行词为The gentleman,指人,且speak to/with sb.为固定搭配,意
42、为“和……说话”,先行词在定语从句中作介词后面的宾语,此处应用“介词+关系代词”来引导定语从句,关系代词应用whom,故第填①to/with ②whom。 42、I really appreciate___________(have) time to relax with you on this nice island.(所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:having 考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的很感激能有时间和你在这个美丽的岛上放松一下。Appreciate doing sth.为固定用法,意为“感激做某事”,设空处需填动名词形式作宾语。故填having。 43、He talked wi
43、th his parents without ________(refer)to the fact that he had registered for an institute.(所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:reference##referring 考查名词及动名词。句意:他和父母谈话时没有提到他已经注册了一个研究所。without后用名词或动名词表示伴随状态,refer to为固定搭配,意为“提到”,名词形式reference“提及”,不可数名词。故填reference/referring。 44、Susan’s idea of freedom was to have ______
44、 (vary) in her lifestyle. (所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:variety 考查名词。句意:苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有丰富多彩的生活方式。根据句意和提示词可知,应填入名词variety作宾语,意为“变化,多样化”,抽象名词,不可数。故填variety。 45、No matter__________ I came across a complicated problem,I would often consult the experts. (用适当的词填空) 答案:when##where 考查状语从句。句意:无论何时/在哪里我遇到一个复杂的问题,我都会经常请教
45、专家。结合句意可知,用no matter when/where无论什么时候/在哪里,引导让步状语从句。根据句意,故填when/where。 46、______ all his efforts, he failed. (用适当的词填空) 答案:Despite 考查介词。句意:尽管他尽了全力,他还是失败了。根据句意可知,空格处应用“despite”,意为“尽管”,介词词性,后接名词作宾语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。 47、Life is like a long race _________we compete with others to go beyond ourselve
46、s. (用适当的词填空) 答案:where 考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们和别人竞争,超越自己。此处为定语从句修饰先行词race,先行词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。 48、I have reached a point in my life _________ I am supposed to make up my mind. (用适当的词填空) 答案:where 考查定语从句。句意:我已经到了人生中应该下定决心的时候了。结合句意此处应为定语从句,修饰先行词point,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。 4
47、9、The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle________(hear).(所给词的适当形式填空) 答案:to be heard 考查非谓语动词。句意:孩子们在饭桌上大声说话,我不得不努力让别人听见。固定搭配struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”,主语I 和动词hear是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),此处hear用动词不定式的被动式(to be done)。故填to be heard。 50、We went through a period ____________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (用适当的词填空) 答案:when 考查定语从句。句意:我们经历了一段农村地区通讯非常困难的时期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词period,先行词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
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