1、 高一英语下册知识点归纳:语法和词汇知识 本资料为woRD文档,请点击下载地址下载全文下载地址 课堂45分钟练习 Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识 1Tompretended______it;butinfact,heknewitverywell. A.nottolistento B.nottohearabout c.nottohaveheardabout D.nottobelisteningto 解析:pretendnottohavedone假装没做过某事;pretendtobedoingsth.假装正在做某事;pretendtodosth.假装做某事。由he
2、knewitverywell可知,应选c项。 答案:c 2manypeopleinchinahaveneverdreamedof______achanceforthemtolearntodriveaftertheirretirement. A.beingB.there c.theretobeD.therebeing 解析:介词后用名词、代词或者动名词,所以therebe句型要用therebeing的形式。 答案:D 3Ican'tgivemysontheleadingposition.______,heistooyoung;secondly,Iwant
3、mr.Smithtohavethejob. A.AfterallB.Forexample c.IntheendD.Tobeginwith 解析:afterall毕竟,终究;forexample例如;intheend最后;tobeginwith首先。根据句意知应选D项。 答案:D 4wewereverytiredandwalkedwithdifficulty,butwegothome______. A.atallB.afterall c.aboveallD.inall 解析:“我们已疲惫不堪,行走艰难,但我们毕竟到家了。”afterall此处表示“
4、毕竟”之意。 答案:B 5Hemakesabout$1000everyweek,much______isspentonbooks. A.ofwhichB.inthat c.amongwhichD.ofit 解析:定语从句补充完整为:muchofthemoneyisspentonbooks,所以用ofwhich来引导这个定语从句。 答案:A 6Someadvertisements,liketheenvironmentalprotectionadvertisement______toourconscienceorourdesiretobeworthycit
5、izens. A.adaptB.attach c.appealD.adjust 解析:adapt“适应;改编”;attach“缚,系”;appeal“恳求;呼吁;有感染力;吸引”;adjust“调节,适应”。句意:一些广告,比如环保广告,唤起我们成为受尊敬市民的良知或欲望。由句意可知答案为c项。 答案:c 7wepaid______cashinthehopethatwecanget15%______. A.with;accountB.in;charge c.by;countD.in;discount 解析:incash用现金;bycheck用支票
6、account账户;charge费用,收费;count数,计数;discount打折,折扣。句意:我们用现金支付,希望能得到15%的折扣。 答案:D 8countlesspeopleindevelopingcountriesnolongersuffermalnutrition.______,povertyremainsaproblemworldwide. A.whileB.Nevertheless c.BesidesD.Inaddition 解析:while“而,却”,表示两者之间的对比;nevertheless“然而,不过”;besides“此外”;inadd
7、ition“另外”。句意:无数的发展中国家的人们不再营养不良。然而,贫穷仍是一个存在于全球范围内的问题。由句意可知,只有B项符合题意。 答案:B 9Ahealthcareprojectcanprovidetreatment______halfthecostorless,______theneedsofthepatient. A.at;reliedonB.with;relyingon c.at;relyingonD.by;relieson 解析:atcost“以成本价”;athalfthecost“以半价”;relyon后接了宾语“theneedsofthepati
8、ent”,而句中已有了谓语canprovide,所以relyon必须用非谓语动词的形式;treatment和relyon之间是主动关系,应用现在分词的形式。 答案:c 10BigcompaniesinGermanygenerally______theeuro,whilesmallmanufacturersarenervous;bigbanksareinfavor;smallonesareagainst. A.consistofB.complainof c.approveofD.dreamof 解析:consistof组成,构成;complainof抱怨;appr
9、oveof赞成;dreamof梦想。句意:在德国大公司普遍赞同欧元,而小手工业者则很不安;大银行支持,而小银行则反对。根据句意知选c项。 答案:c Ⅱ.句子翻译 1咱们得把好苹果拣出来,同坏的分开。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:wemustsortoutthegoodapplesfromthebadones. 2他的各科成绩均佳,尤以英语为好。 ___________________________________________
10、 答案:Hedoeswellinallhissubjectsbut,aboveall,inEnglish. 3你可以指望我帮助你。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:youcanrelyonmetohelpyou. 4你们要按照他们的方法去做试验。 _____________________________________________________________________
11、 答案:youshallperformtheexperimentthewaytheydo. 5科研工作要有耐心和奉献精神。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案:Patienceanddevotionareessentialtoscientificresearchwork. Ⅲ.完形填空 EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecal
12、ledhowshebecameapercussionsoloistinspiteofherdisability. “EarlyonIdecidednottoallowthe__1__ofotherstostopmefrombecomingamusician.IgrewuponafarminnortheastScotlandandbegan__2__pianolessonswhenIwaseight.TheolderIgot,themoremypassionformusicgrew.ButIalsobegantograduallylosemy__3__.Doctorsconcludedth
13、atthenervedamagewasthe__4__andbyagetwelve,Iwascompletelydeaf.Butmyloveformusicnever__5__me.” “my__6__wastobecomeapercussionsoloist,eventhoughtherewerenoneatthattime.Toperform,I__7__tohearmusicdifferentlyfromothers.Iplayinmystockingfeetandcan__8__thepitchofanotebythevibrationsIfeelthroughmybodyand
14、throughmy__9__.myentiresoundworldexistsbymakinguseofalmostevery__10__thatIhave.” “Iwas__11__tobeassessedasamusician,notasadeafmusician,andIappliedtothefamousRoyalAcademyofmusicinLondon.Nootherdeafstudenthad__12__thisbeforeandsometeachers__13__myadmission.Basedonmyperformance,Iwas__14__admittedand
15、wentonto__15__withtheacademy'shighesthonors.” “Afterthat,Iestablishedmyselfasthefirstfulltimesolopercussionist.I__16__andarrangedalotofmusicalcompositionssince__17__hadbeenwrittenspeciallyforsolopercussionists.” “Ihavebeenasoloistforovertenyears.__18__thedoctorthoughtIwastotallydeaf,itdid
16、n't__19__thatmypassioncouldn'tberealized.Iwouldencouragepeoplenottoallowthemselvestobe__20__byothers.Followyourpassion;followyourheart.Theywillleadyoutotheplaceyouwanttogo.” 1A.conditionsB.opinions c.actionsD.recommendations 解析:早些时候,她不允许别人有阻止她学习音乐的想法。condition“条件,状况”;opinion“观点,想法”;action“举
17、止,举动”;recommendation“推荐,介绍”。故B项正确。 答案:B 2A.enjoyingB.choosing c.takingD.giving 解析:EvelynGlennie介绍自己在苏格兰东北部长大,八岁时开始修习钢琴。takelessons为固定短语,意为“修习课程”。enjoy“喜欢”;choose“选择”;give“给予”。故c项正确。 答案:c 3A.sightB.hearing c.touchD.taste 解析:根据下文“byagetwelve,Iwascompletelydeaf”可知,EvelynGlennie的
18、听觉逐渐下降。sight“视力”;touch“触觉”;taste“味觉”。故B项正确。 答案:B 4A.evidenceB.result c.excuseD.cause 解析:EvelynGlennie的听觉逐渐下降,医生认为她的听觉逐渐丧失的原因是神经损伤。evidence“证据,证明”;result“结果”;excuse“借口”;cause“原因,起因”。故D项正确。 答案:D 5A.leftB.excited c.accompaniedD.disappointed 解析:虽然EvelynGlennie成了聋人,但是对音乐的热爱却保留下来。l
19、eft“保留的”;excited“兴奋的”;accompanied“伴随的”;disappointed“失望的”。故A项正确。 答案:A 6A.purposeB.decision c.promiseD.goal 解析:EvelynGlennie的目标就是成为一个打击乐器独奏演员。purpose“目的,意图”;decision“决定”;promise“许诺,承诺”;goal“目标,终点”。故D项正确。 答案:D 7A.turnedB.learned c.usedD.ought 解析:虽然残疾了,但是EvelynGlennie学会了与别人不同的“听”
20、音乐的方法。turn“转变”;learn“学会”;use“使用”;ought“应该,大概”。故B项正确。 答案:B 8A.tellB.see c.hearD.smell 解析:EvelynGlennie穿着袜子演奏,可以根据震动来辨别声音的高低。tell“分辨”;see“看”;hear“听”;smell“闻”。故A项正确。 答案:A 9A.carefulnessB.movement c.imaginationD.experience 解析:EvelynGlennie通过躯体和想象来感受音乐。carefulness“细心”;movement“运动”
21、imagination“想象”;experience“经历,经验”。故c项正确。 答案:c 10A.senseB.effort c.feelingD.idea 解析:EvelynGlennie整个的声音世界因为充分利用几乎所有的感官而存在。sense“感官,感觉”;effort“努力,努力的成果”;feeling“感觉,感情”;idea“主意,想法”。故A项正确。 答案:A 11A.dissatisfiedB.astonished c.determinedD.discouraged 解析:EvelynGlennie决心被评定为音乐家,而不是盲人
22、音乐家。dissatisfied“不满意的”;astonished“吃惊的”;determined“决心,决定”;discouraged“泄气的,沮丧的”。故c项正确。 答案:c 12A.doneB.accepted c.advisedD.admitted 解析:EvelynGlennie申请进入设在伦敦的皇家音乐学院学习。以前,从来没有聋哑学生做这样的事情。do“做”;accept“接受”;advise“建议”;admit“承认”。故A项正确。 答案:A 13A.supportedB.followed c.requiredD.opposed 解
23、析:根据下文可以看出,刚开始时有些老师反对我的入学。support“支持”;follow“遵循,遵从”;require“要求,需求”;oppose“反对”。故D项正确。 答案:D 14A.usuallyB.finally c.possiblyD.hopefully 解析:基于她的表现,最终被录取了。usually“通常”;finally“最后”;possibly“可能”;hopefully“充满希望地”。故B项正确。 答案:B 15A.studyB.research c.graduateD.progress 解析:后来以学校最高荣誉毕业。stu
24、dy“学习”;research“研究”;graduate“毕业”;progress“进步”。故c项正确。 答案:c 16A.wroteB.translated c.copiedD.read 解析:后来,EvelynGlennie成为一位打击乐器独奏演员,写下和整理了许多乐曲。由上下文可知,A项符合文意。 答案:A 17A.enoughB.some c.manyD.few 解析:EvelynGlennie写作整理乐曲,是因为很少有专为打击乐器独奏演员写作的乐曲。 答案:D 18A.HoweverB.Although c.whenD
25、Since 解析:EvelynGlennie谈到自己成为打击乐独奏演员已经十多年了。尽管医生认为我已经全聋了,但是这并不意味着我的热情会消失。状语从句与主句为让步关系,故B项正确。 答案:B 19A.meanB.seem c.concludeD.say 解析:mean“意味着”;seem“好像”;conclude“包括”;say“说”。由上下文可知,A项符合文意。 答案:A 20A.directedB.guided c.taughtD.limited 解析:EvelynGlennie鼓励人们不要受到别人的限制。direct“指导,指点”;
26、guide“引导,向导”;teach“教授”;limit“限制”。故A项正确。 答案:D Ⅳ.阅读理解 manystudentshavetoeattheirbreakfastsonthewaytoschoolorhavedinnerinthecafeteria.Butsomeofthemdon'treallyknowhowtoeatwellwheneatingout. Thereareseveralimportanttips.Thefirstistotrynottoeatfastfoodasmuchasyoucan.Themostobviousharmofeatingt
27、oomuchfastfoodisweightgaining.Teensaswellasadultsareatriskofdiseasesrelatedtoweight. Toomuchfastfoodcandragyourbodydowninotherways.Frenchfries,forexample,wererecentlyfoundtocontainmuchmoreacrylamidethanotherfood.Thismaycausecancer.IntheUSninefastfoodcompanieswereaccusedofnottellingthepublict
28、hattheirpotatochipscontainedthisunhealthychemical.Actually,deepfriedfoodallcontainsacrylamide.Sodon'teatittoooften. Sodaisanotherthingyoumaywanttowatchoutfor.cokesandothersodascontainalotofsugarandslowdownaperson'scalciumabsorption.Evendietcokecancausethisproblem,soit'sbesttodrinkaslittlesodaaspo
29、ssible. Foodinthecafeteriaatschoolmaynotbeastastyasfastfood,butit'sactuallyeasiertomakehealthychoices.Humanbodiesneedvariety.youcanarrangeadinnerthatbalancesproteins,vitaminsandcomplexcarbohydrates.Inotherwords,amealwithfishormeat,vegetablesandsomesteamedbreadorricewillprovideyouwithmostnutrients
30、thatthebodyneeds. Somesnacks,ontheotherhand,willhelpkeepyougoinguntilyournextbigmeal.Itisnaturalforteenagers,especiallyboys,tofeelhungryalotduringschooltime.Don'tbeembarrassed;takesomefoods,likewholegrainbiscuitsorlowfatyogurtinyourschoolbag. 1Eatingtoomuch______maygetadiseaseconcern
31、ingweight. A.sodaB.coke c.dietcokeD.fastfood 解析:细节判断题,可用直接就题找文法来解。原文第二节“Themostobviousharmofeatingtoomuchfastfoodisweightgaining.Teensaswellasadultsareatriskofdiseasesrelatedtoweight.”体现答案。 答案:D 2TheninefastfoodcompaniesintheUSwereaccusedof______. A.sellingfastfood B.sellin
32、gpotatochips c.sellingacrylamide D.nottellingthetruth 解析:推理判断题,可用逻辑推断法来解。由原文第三节“IntheUSninefastfoodcompanieswereaccusedofnottellingthepublicthattheirpotatochipscontainedthisunhealthychemical.”可以推出美国九家快餐公司被起诉的原因是没有讲真话。 答案:D 3whatmaterialmaydecreaseourcalciumabsorption? A.protei
33、nB.carbohydrate c.vitaminD.sugar 解析:推理判断题,可用逻辑推断法来解。由原文第四节“cokesandothersodascontainalotofsugarandslowdownaperson'scalciumabsorption.”可以推出是糖减少了人体对钙质的吸收。 答案:D 4Accordingtothewriter,______cancertainlydogoodtous. A.potatochipsB.friedfood c.biscuitsD.lowfatyogurt 解析:推理判断题,可用逻辑推断法来解。由原文末句可以推出低脂肪的酸奶肯定对人体有益。 答案:D 6






