1、小学英语4大时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时,现在进行时)汇总表格 时态 定义及用法 时间状语 结构 举例 一 般 现 在 时 ① 经常性或习惯性的动作; ② 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格或个性等; ③ 客观真理、客观存在或科学事实; ④ 格言或者名言警句; ①always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never; ②every second / hour /day / year / Friday/ June; ③once a week, twice two weeks;
2、 ◆肯定句: ◆否定句: 1.主+be(am, is, are) +… 1.主+be(am, is, are) +not+… 2.主+动词(原形/三单)+… 2.主+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+… ◆一般疑问句: 1.be(am, is, are)+主+… 2.Do/Does+主+动词原形+… 肯回:Yes, 主+ be(am, is, are). 肯回:Yes, 主+do/does. 否回:No, 主+am not/isn’t/aren’t. 否回:No, 主+don
3、’t/doesn’t. 肯 I am a student. 否 I am not a student. 疑 Are you a student? 肯They get up early. 否They don't get up early. 疑 Do they get up early? 肯He helps us. 否He doesn't help us 疑 Does he help us? 特殊疑问句: How often do you exerci
4、se? 一 般 过 去 时 ① 过去经常发生的动作; ② 过去存在的状态; ③ 过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态; ④ 过去连续发生的一系列动作; ① yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon…. the day before yesterday, ② before,the year before last year, ③ in 1845/in the 1840s ④ last year/month/week term/Sunday/summer ⑤ just now; the oth
5、er day ⑥ 时间段+ago; long long ago ◆肯定句: ◆否定句: 1.主+be(was/were)+… 1.主+be(was/were)+not+… 2.主+动词的过去式+… 2.主+didn’t+动词原形+… ◆一般疑问句: 1.be(was/were)+主+… 2. Did+主+动词原形+… 肯回:Yes, 主+ be(was/were). 肯回:Yes, 主+did. 否回:No, 主+wasn’t/we
6、ren’t. 否回:No, 主+didn’t. 肯He was a student two years ago 否 He wasn't a student two years. 疑Was he a student two years ago? 肯They came back last night 否They didn't come back last night. 疑Did they come back last night? 特殊疑问句: 1.How was your
7、school trip? 2.When was he born? 时态 定义及用法 时间状语 结构 举例 一 般 将 来 时 一般将来时主要表示: ① 将要发生的动作; ② 将要存在的状态; ③ 计划、打算做某事; 1. will/shall+动词原形 shall 只用于第一人称(I/we),常被will 所代替;will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 2. be going to +动词原形 1) 主语的意图,即:将做某事。例: 2) 计划,安排要发生的事。例:
8、3) 有迹象要发生的事(天气)。例: 3. 有些词用“现在进行时”表示按计划即将发生的动作,如: 【go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay】等。 ① tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, the year after next year, tomorrow morning/afternoon /evening ② next week/year/term/ summer vacation/Friday ③ from now on; in the future; in 2050;
9、 ④ in + 时间段(重点) 1. will / shall ◆肯定句: 主+will/shall+动词原形+… ◆否定句: 主+will/shall + not+动词原形+… ◆一般疑问句: Will/Shall + 主+动词原形+…? 肯回:Yes, 主+ will/shall. 否回:No, 主+ won’t/shan’t. 2. be going to ◆肯定句: 主+be(am/is/are) +动词原形+… ◆否定句: 主+ be(am/is/are)+ not+动词原形+… ◆一般疑问句: Be(Am/Is/Are)+主+动词原形+…? 肯
10、回:Yes, 主+ be(am/is/are) . 否回:No, 主+am not/isn’t/aren’t. 肯He is going to work 否He isn't going to work. 疑Is he going to work? 肯You will work 否You will not work. 疑Will you work? 特殊疑问句: -What are you doing for vacation. ----I’m going camping.
11、 现在进行时 现在进行时主要表示: 1.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情; 2.表示长期的或者重复性的动作,目前阶段正在进行,而说话时动作未必正在进行; 3.表示渐变的动词:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等; ①now,right now, ②at present at the moment, at this time, ③these days; ④【暗示语】 Look! (放句首) Listen! (放句首) Can you see…? Can’t you
12、see…? ◆ 肯定句: 主 + be (am, is, are) + 动词ing形式 + … ◆否定句: 主+ be (am, is, are) + not +动词ing式 + … ◆一般疑问句: Be (am, is, are) + 主 + 动词ing式 + …? 肯定回答: Yes, 主+ be(am, is, are). 否定回答: No, 主+am not / isn‟t / aren‟t. 肯 I am having English classes now. 否I am not having English classes now. 疑Are you having English classes now? 肯 He is working now. 否He is not working now. 疑Is he working now? 特殊疑问句: What are you doing now? Where are they having a meal?
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