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小学英语4大时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时,现在进行时)汇总表格
时态
定义及用法
时间状语
结构
举例
一
般
现
在
时
① 经常性或习惯性的动作;
② 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格或个性等;
③ 客观真理、客观存在或科学事实;
④ 格言或者名言警句;
①always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never;
②every second / hour /day / year / Friday/ June;
③once a week, twice two weeks;
◆肯定句: ◆否定句:
1.主+be(am, is, are) +… 1.主+be(am, is, are) +not+…
2.主+动词(原形/三单)+… 2.主+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+…
◆一般疑问句:
1.be(am, is, are)+主+… 2.Do/Does+主+动词原形+…
肯回:Yes, 主+ be(am, is, are). 肯回:Yes, 主+do/does.
否回:No, 主+am not/isn’t/aren’t. 否回:No, 主+don’t/doesn’t.
肯 I am a student.
否 I am not a student.
疑 Are you a student?
肯They get up early.
否They don't get up early.
疑 Do they get up early?
肯He helps us.
否He doesn't help us
疑 Does he help us?
特殊疑问句:
How often do you exercise?
一
般
过
去
时
① 过去经常发生的动作;
② 过去存在的状态;
③ 过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态;
④ 过去连续发生的一系列动作;
① yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon….
the day before yesterday,
② before,the year before last year,
③ in 1845/in the 1840s
④ last year/month/week
term/Sunday/summer
⑤ just now; the other day
⑥ 时间段+ago; long long ago
◆肯定句: ◆否定句:
1.主+be(was/were)+… 1.主+be(was/were)+not+…
2.主+动词的过去式+… 2.主+didn’t+动词原形+…
◆一般疑问句:
1.be(was/were)+主+… 2. Did+主+动词原形+…
肯回:Yes, 主+ be(was/were). 肯回:Yes, 主+did.
否回:No, 主+wasn’t/weren’t. 否回:No, 主+didn’t.
肯He was a student two years ago
否 He wasn't a student two years.
疑Was he a student two years ago?
肯They came back last night
否They didn't come back last night.
疑Did they come back last night?
特殊疑问句:
1.How was your school trip?
2.When was he born?
时态
定义及用法
时间状语
结构
举例
一
般
将
来
时
一般将来时主要表示:
① 将要发生的动作;
② 将要存在的状态;
③ 计划、打算做某事;
1. will/shall+动词原形
shall 只用于第一人称(I/we),常被will 所代替;will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。
2. be going to +动词原形
1) 主语的意图,即:将做某事。例:
2) 计划,安排要发生的事。例:
3) 有迹象要发生的事(天气)。例:
3. 有些词用“现在进行时”表示按计划即将发生的动作,如:
【go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay】等。
① tomorrow,
the day after tomorrow,
the year after next year, tomorrow morning/afternoon /evening
② next week/year/term/
summer vacation/Friday
③ from now on;
in the future;
in 2050;
④ in + 时间段(重点)
1. will / shall
◆肯定句:
主+will/shall+动词原形+…
◆否定句:
主+will/shall + not+动词原形+…
◆一般疑问句:
Will/Shall + 主+动词原形+…?
肯回:Yes, 主+ will/shall.
否回:No, 主+ won’t/shan’t.
2. be going to
◆肯定句:
主+be(am/is/are) +动词原形+…
◆否定句:
主+ be(am/is/are)+ not+动词原形+…
◆一般疑问句:
Be(Am/Is/Are)+主+动词原形+…?
肯回:Yes, 主+ be(am/is/are) .
否回:No, 主+am not/isn’t/aren’t.
肯He is going to work
否He isn't going to work.
疑Is he going to work?
肯You will work
否You will not work.
疑Will you work?
特殊疑问句:
-What are you doing for vacation.
----I’m going camping.
现在进行时
现在进行时主要表示:
1.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情;
2.表示长期的或者重复性的动作,目前阶段正在进行,而说话时动作未必正在进行;
3.表示渐变的动词:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等;
①now,right now,
②at present
at the moment,
at this time,
③these days;
④【暗示语】
Look! (放句首)
Listen! (放句首)
Can you see…?
Can’t you see…?
◆ 肯定句:
主 + be (am, is, are) + 动词ing形式 + …
◆否定句:
主+ be (am, is, are) + not +动词ing式 + …
◆一般疑问句:
Be (am, is, are) + 主 + 动词ing式 + …?
肯定回答:
Yes, 主+ be(am, is, are).
否定回答:
No, 主+am not / isn‟t / aren‟t.
肯 I am having English classes now.
否I am not having English classes now.
疑Are you having English classes now?
肯 He is working now.
否He is not working now.
疑Is he working now?
特殊疑问句:
What are you doing now?
Where are they having a meal?
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