2024年湖南省长沙市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

2024年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语
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6.本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
试卷分为四个部分，共8页，61小题，时量100分钟，满分100分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. What does John want to be in the future?
A. An artist B. A teacher. C. A scientist.
2. What is the boy’s hobby?
A. Collecting coins. B. Playing chess. C. Riding bikes.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A kite festival. B. A sports festival. C. A film festival.
4. How did the woman come to Changsha?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By train.
5. What would the woman like to drink today?
A. Milk. B. Tea. C. Coffee.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。聽每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听材料，回答以下各小题。
6. How is Betty feeling now?
A. Satisfied. B. Worried. C. Angry.
7. What will Betty do in class tomorrow?
A. Make a presentation. B. Write a poem. C. Draw a picture.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
8. When did Lily move to the new town?
A. Yesterday. B. A week ago. C. Two weeks ago.
9. What does the man think of his neighborhood?
A. Safe. B. Quiet. C. Noisy.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
10. What does the man want to do before noon?
A. Post a letter. B. Make a cake. C. Send an e-mail.
11. Who is going to have a birthday party on Saturday afternoon?
A Dave. B. Alice. C. Bob.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
12. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a hospital. C. At school.
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Waiter and customer. B. Driver and passenger. C. Classmates.
14. How long has it been since the speakers last met?
A. 12 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
15. What is Tim doing these days?
A. Preparing his paper. B. Reading a book. C. Doing sports.
16. What sport do most students like best according to Tim?
A. Ping-pong. B. Basketball. C. Volleyball.
17. Why does Beth want to take a walk?
A. To meet friends. B. To relax herself. C. To walk her dog.
听材料，回答以下各小题。
18. What excited the speaker in Africa?
A. Running water. B. Freely running animals. C. Friendly people.
19. Which place does the speaker plan to visit next year?
A. Russia. B. America. C. Australia.
20. Why does the speaker love travelling?
A. To visit relatives. B. To enjoy staying alone. C. To experience something new.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
International Summer Camp 2024
Edward Educational Company was set up in 1999. It has rich experience in providing educational trips for children. Our camp is located in (位于) the Swiss Alps. Hie mountains, forests and lakes here provide a playground for young adventurers (冒险者).
Three age groups
The three age groups allow children to make friends of similar ages from different countries.
Plenty of activities
Our camp activities include rock climbing, horse riding, painting and much more. But hunting (猎捕) wild animals is not allowed.
Cultural exploration (探索)
Switzerland (瑞士) has many traditions like chocolate making. Through ow summer camp, children will learn more about this country.
For further information, please call us at 257-8900.

1. When was Edward Educational Company set up?
A. In 1999. B. In 2014. C. In 2024.
2. What can children do at the camp?
A. Join four age groups.
B. Learn more about Switzerland.
C. Ride horses and hunt wild animals.
【答案】1. A 2. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是2024国际夏令营的广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Edward Educational Company was set up in 1999.”可知，爱德华教育公司成立于1999年。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Switzerland (瑞士) has many traditions like chocolate making. Through ow summer camp, children will learn more about this country.”可知，瑞士有许多传统，比如制作巧克力。通过夏令营，孩子们将更多地了解这个国家。故选B。
B

What should you do when you can’t find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)?
Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”. These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack.
It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, “snacking” throughout the day stops you from sitting too long.
There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don’t know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices:
Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don’t keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles.
Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack.
For those who don5t like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It’ll make for a fun workout.
What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it!
3. How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage?
A. 20 seconds to two minutes. B. 30 minutes to four hours. C. Five to ten minutes.
4. Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage?
A. Doing math exercises. B. Eating snacks. C. Doing sit-ups.
5. What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to exercise snacks?
A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Supportive.
6. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To change traditional eating habits.
B. To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit.
C. To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise.
【答案】3. A 4. C 5. C 6. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍零食式锻炼。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes.”可知，这些练习可以持续20秒到2分钟。故选A。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯).”可知，这些练习可以持续20秒到2分钟。有很多可以接受的运动零食，比如做仰卧起坐、跳绳或上下楼梯，故选C。
【5题详解】
观点态度题。根据“What are you waiting for? Let’s get moving. Your body will thank you for it!”可知，作者对零食式锻炼持支持的态度，故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍零食式锻炼，是一种新颖的健身方式。故选B。
C

The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago. Since then, it has enjoyed worldwide popularity.
The great musical work includes four parts: “Spring”, “Summer”, “Autumn” and ‘‘Winter”. Each part brings to mind the season it is meant to describe. “Summer”, for example, begins slowly. Listeners can easily picture a hot, lazy summer day when nobody wants to move. When you listen to “Autumn”, a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind.
But now, Hache Costa, a music director in Spain, has decided to give the old work a fresh feel. He says the climate (气候) today is very different from what it was in the 1700s. The Four Seasons would be “a lot dirtier” if it were written now.
Costa has “updated” the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world. The ‘“updated” musical work has been played in Madrid, Spain. The performance takes place in front of a screen. As the musicians play, a video shows the effects (影响) of climate change, such as forest fires and unusually dry weather.
After enjoying it, people find the new “Summer” now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel “really sad” after listening to the new Four Seasons.
“I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet,” says Costa. “And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes.”
7. What do we know about The Four Seasons?
A. It is still unpopular now.
B. It was written by Hache Costa.
C. It was first played about 300 years ago.
8. What will come to mind when we listen to the old “Autumn” according to the passage?
A. Forest fires and dry weather. B. A harvest celebration. C. A hot lazy day.
9. Which is close to the underlined word “updated” in meaning in Paragraph 4?
A. 提上日程 B. 追根溯源 C. 赋予新意
10. Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel?
A. To call on more people to love music.
B To raise public awareness of climate change.
C. To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi’s colorful life.
【答案】7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍意大利音乐家创作了《四季》，现在西班牙音乐总监哈奇·科斯塔决定给这部老作品赋予一种新鲜感，他希望更多的人真正意识到气候变化的影响。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago.”可知，意大利音乐家安东尼奥·维瓦尔第创作的《四季》首次演奏是在大约300年前。故选C。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When you listen to ‘Autumn’, a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind.”可知，当你听到“秋天”时，你会很容易想到丰收的庆祝。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Costa has ‘updated’ the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world.”可知，使其符合现代世界的现实，所以是给这部音乐作品“赋予新意”，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel ‘really sad’ after listening to the new Four Seasons.”和“I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet.”可知，由于全球变暖，其他三个季节变短了。科斯塔说，他预计人们在听了新的《四季》之后会感到“非常难过”。作者希望更多的人真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。由此可知，Hache Costa给老作品带来新鲜感是为了提高公众对气候变化的认识。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。

You’ve probably heard of books that will change your life. And a lot of readers agree that the book Atomic Habits (《原子习惯》) will meet your needs.
James Clear, who did a lot of research on formation of habits, is the writer of Atomic Habits. ___11___ It has sold over 15 million copies and has been translated into more than 50 languages. And his website receives millions of visitors each month.
___12___ That’s because the book introduces a practical system (系统) for creating good habits and breaking bad ones. Readers everywhere are very interested in Clear’s “science of tiny habits”.
In the book, file writer suggests trying to get 1% better each day. For example, you’d like to exercise but you don’t think you have the time or energy. Clear suggests starting with two minutes a day. Over time, the effects of this habit will increase as you repeat the actions. ___13___ “All big things come from small beginnings,” says Clear.
Clear continues with the following advice: Don’t focus on (聚焦) what you want to achieve. ___14___ For example, two men want to break the habit of smoking. When offered a cigarette (香烟), one says, “No, thanks. I’m trying to give up smoking.” The other says, “No, thanks. I’m not a smoker.” While the first man still sees himself as a smoker, the second man doesn’t. Clear says, “Bad habits will die more easily if you focus on who you want to become.”
Atomic Habits will reshape the way you think about progress and success. ___15___ Slowly but surely, it will have a great effect on your health, job and relationships.
A. Why is it so popular?
B. Instead, focus on who you want to become.
C. He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”.
D. This book is a No.1 New York Times bestseller.
E. Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits.
【答案】11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. E
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍一本名为《原子习惯》的书。
【11题详解】
根据“It has sold over 15 million copies and has been translated into more than 50 languages. And his website receives millions of visitors each month.”可知，该书销量超过1500万册，被翻译成50多种语言。他的网站每个月都有数百万的访问者。此处提到这本书很畅销，选项D“这本书是《纽约时报》畅销书的第一名。”符合语境，故选D。
【12题详解】
根据“That’s because the book introduces a practical system (系统) for creating good habits and breaking bad ones.”可知，此处在解释原因，选项A“为什么它如此受欢迎？”符合语境，故选A。
【13题详解】
根据“Over time, the effects of this habit will increase as you repeat the actions.”可知，随着时间的推移，这个习惯的效果会随着你的重复而增加。此处提到行为的重复，选项C“他把这些重复的行为称为“原子习惯”。”符合语境，故选C。
【14题详解】
根据“Don’t focus on (聚焦) what you want to achieve.”可知，不要聚焦于你想要达到的目标。选项B“相反，专注于你想成为什么样的人。”符合语境，故选B。
【15题详解】
根据“Atomic Habits will reshape the way you think about progress and success.”可知，《原子习惯》将重塑你对进步和成功的看法。此处提到《原子习惯》带来的好处，选项E“此外，它还会给你提供改变习惯所需的工具。”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001. It ____16____ help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, an earthquake, or any other natural disaster (灾难).
After long and ____17____ training, the Chinese team went on its first international rescue (救援) tasks in 2003. That year, the team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that the CISAR had worked outside China, and the team ____18____ high praise for their bravery and skill. Since then, the CISAR has completed lots of rescue ____19____ — they braved terrible conditions to rescue people in Indonesia, Haiti and Pakistan.
Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries (伤痛), and ____20____ food, water, and other things. They have to be able to do difficult work when it is very ____21____. For example, there is usually no electricity or water after a disaster, and there may be illnesses and accidents. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also deal with the dead. That means they have to be ____22____ in both body and mind. Rescue workers must have big ____23____, too. It takes lots of love and courage to risk (冒险) their own lives to ____24____ someone else’s. The members of the CISAR are always ready to go wherever help is needed.
Rescue workers leave their homes and families for a job that offers little pay and less sleep. We can’t imagine how much they have sacrificed (牺牲) selflessly. We don’t even know most of their names. They are really ____25____ heroes!
16. A. closes B. sells C. brings
17. A. careful B. poor C. useless
18. A. gave B. won C. missed
19. A. tasks B. mistakes C. excuses
20. A. give up B. hand out C. cut down
21. A. comfortable B. safe C. dangerous
22. A. weak B. strong C. slow
23. A. hearts B. mouths C. eyes
24. A. waste B. enjoy C. save
25. A. unskilled B. unsung C. untrained
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍中国国际搜救队的事迹，他们是真正的无名英雄！
【16题详解】
句意：它给那些生活因风暴、地震或其他自然灾害而改变的人们带来了帮助和希望。
closes接近；sells卖；brings带来。根据“It...help and hope to those whose lives are changed by a storm, an earthquake, or any other natural disaster (灾难).”可知，中国国际搜救队给人们带来了帮助和希望，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：经过长期周密的训练，中国救援队于2003年首次执行国际救援任务。
careful周密的；poor贫穷的；useless无用的。根据“After long and...training, the Chinese team went on its first international rescue (救援) tasks in 2003.”可知，