非谓语动词作状语幻灯片.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词作状语,1,一 动词不定式作状语,1.,动词不定式通常作状语表示原因,.,结果,.,目的,.,条件等。,1,）目的状语,To learn English well,he went to England.,In order to achieve the aim,we must learn from other countries.,常可与,in order to(,为了,),或,so as to(,以便,),连用。,2,2,）结果状语,动词不定式和,ving,形式作结果状语区别：,1,动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与,only,连用构成,only to do sth,2,动词,ing,形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。,He ran to the station,only to find,the train had left.,His father died,leaving,him a lot of debts.,3,3),原因状语,We are excited,to hear the news,.,4,4),条件状语,To turn to the left,you could find a post office.,5,二 动词,ing,形式作状语,可表示原因,.,结果,.,条件,.,让步,.,方式伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句,1.,表时间,Walking,out of the room,he,saw the boy still there.,=when he walked out of the room,he.,Having made,full preparations,we,are ready for the exam.,=After we have made full preparations,we.,6,2.,表原因,Being,ill,he,didnt go to school yesterday.,=Because he was ill,he.,Not mastering,the way of studying,i,didnt get a good result.,=As i didnt master the way of studying,i.,7,3.,表结果,(,并列谓语,),His father,died,leaving,him a lot of money.,=his father died and left him.,The fire,lasted nearly a month,leaving,nothing valuable.,=The fire lasted nearly a month and left nothing valuable.,8,4.,表条件,Working,hard at your lessons,you,will succeed.,=if you work hard at your lessons,you.,If you dont make use of time,you will regret.,=,Not making,use of the time,you,will.,9,5.,表让步,Knowing,all this,they,made me pay for the damage.,=Athough they knew all this,they.,Studying,from morning till night,i,didnt pass the exam.,=Athough i studied from morning till night,i.,10,6.,方式,.,伴随或补充说明,(,并列结构）,He,lay on the grass,staring at,the sky for a long time.,=He lay on the grass and stared at the.,The gril,came into the classroom,singing and dancing.,=The gril came into the classroom and they sang and danced.,11,注意,:,1,为了使动词,ing,形式作状语表达的意思更明确，可在动词,ing,前加上适当的连词：,when,、,while,、,if,、,though,、,unless,、,even,等,.,Dont talk,while having dinner,.,Once losing the chance,you cant easily find it.,12,2.,动词,ing,形式做状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。,While,reading,the book,the telephone,rang.,While,reading,the book,she,heard the telephone ring.,Looking,out through the window,the garden,was beautiful.,Looking,out through the window,we,found a beautiful garden.,13,3.,独立成分作状语,常见的分词短语有：,Frankly speaking;honestly speaking;,Judging from;considering;to tell the truth,Honestly speaking,he is not fit for the job.,Judging from his accent,he is from the south.,14,三、过去分词,ed,作状语,过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。,表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相当于相应的状语从句。,1,表时间,Seen,from the top of the hill,the city,looked like a big garden.,=when it is seen from the top of the hill,the city.,Asked,what had happened,he,lowered his head.,=when he was asked what had happened,he.,15,2.,表原因,Surrounded,by a group of young people,the old man,felt happy.,=As he was surrounded by a group of young people,the old man.,Greatly touched,by the teachers words,he,did a lot of things to help his classmates.,=Because the boy was greatly touched by the teachers words,he.,16,3.,表条件,Given,more time,we,could do it better.,=if we were given more time,we.,Compared,with your brother,you,should make greater efforts to study English.,=if you are compared with your brother,you.,17,4.,表让步,Laughed,at by many people,he,continued his study.,=Although he was laughed at by many people,he.,Even if,invited,i,wont take part in the party.,Even if i am invited,i.,18,5.,表示方式或伴随,Supported,by a girl,the old man,got off the bus.,He,turned away,disappointed,.,He,walked up and down the room,lost,in thought.,19,注意：,1.,某些动词的,过去分词已经形容词化,，常用于一些系表结构中。此时的过去分词既不表被动也不表完成，而,表示一种状态,。这样的词有：,lost,；,seated,；,hidden,；,lost/absorbed in,；,dressed in,；,tired of,等。,Disappointed,at the examination result,she,sat there silent.,Satisfied,with our performance,the teacher,kept nodding.,20,2.,过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致。,Asked,why she was late,her face,went red.,Asked,why she was late,she,went red in the face.,21,3.,过去分词或短语做状语时，也可在其前面加上连词,when,、,if,、,once,、,though,、,unless,等，以便明确作何种状语。,Though beaten,we,were not discouraged.,=Though we were beated,we.,Once tasted,the dish,is hard to forget.,=once it is tasted,the dish.,22,4.,过去分词做状语与现在分词作状语的区别：,过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系或被动关系。,现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系或主动关系。,Used,for a long time,the book,looks old.,Using,the book,i,find it useful.,23,from the top,the stadium looks like a bird nest.,from the space,the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.,A seeing B seen,Seen,Seeing,24,