英语语法复习——代词PPT课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,英语语法复习之,代 词,Pronouns,代词的分类,人称代词,Personal Pronouns,物主代词,Possessive Pronouns,反身代词,Self Pronouns,不定代词,Indefinite Pronouns,指示代词,Demonstrative Pronouns,疑问代词,Interrogative Pronouns,人称代词,Personal Pronouns,数 单 数,复 数,人称,一,二,三,一,二,三,主格,I,you,he she,it,we you they,宾格,me,you,him her,it,us your them,1.,人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格,We,all like,Bob,very much.,我们都很喜欢鲍勃。,He,gave the cherries to,you,and,me,.,这些樱桃是他送给你和我的。,2.,人称代词在作表语时，用宾格,Who,s knocking at the door?,谁在敲门？,It,s,me,.,是我。,3.,人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为,“,第二人称，第三人称，第一人称,”,You,she,and,I,all enjoy English.,你我她都喜欢英语。,4.,she,可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等,We love our motherland,we hope that,she,ll be stronger and bigger.,我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。,The ship is leaving.,She,s on her first trip,to America.,轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去美国。,5.,it,作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等,What,the weather like today?,It,s rainy.,今天的天气怎么样？,下雨。,It,s about 20 minutes,walk from,my home to the station.,从我家到火车站的路程大约,20,分钟。,6.it,用作形式主语，为了使整个句子显 得平稳，将不定式或动名词等构成的主语后移：,It,s hard,to find,him.,很难找到他。,It,s good for us,taking,a walk after,supper.,对我们来说晚饭后散步是有好处的。,7.,it,用作,形式宾语：,I found,it,important to learn English.,物主代词,Possessive Pronouns,形容词性,名词性,my mine,your your,s,his his,her her,s,its its,our our,s,your your,s,their their,s,1.,形容词性物主代词,:,在句子中只能作定语,My,sister is a teacher.,我姐姐是位教师。,Our,headmaster is very friendly.,我们的校长很友好。,2.,名词性物主代词：,在句中可作表语、主语和宾语,Whose book is this?,-,这本书是谁的？,It,s,mine,.,-,是我的。,Our room is small and,theirs,is big.,我们的房间小，他们的房间大。,My pen is broken,can I use,you,rs,.,我的笔坏了，我能用你的了。,3.,形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：,形容词性物主代词,+,名词,=,名词性物主代词,注意：,名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。,These apples arent ours.,Ours,are,big.,(,our apple,s,=,ours,),This is not our car.,Ours is,over there.,(,our car,=,ours,),4.,“,of,+,名词性物主代词,”,表示所属,A brother,of,his,is a worker.,他的一个兄弟是个工人。,Jane is,a good friend,of,mine,简是,我的一个好朋友,反身代词,Self Pronouns,单数：,my,self,your,self,him,self,her,self,it,self,复数：,our,selves,your,selves,them,selves,1.,反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和,同位语,Jane always thinks more of others than of,herself,.,简总是想到别人比想到自己更多一些。,That little boy was hi,mself.,那个小男孩就是他自己。,He,himself,was a policeman.,他本人就是一名警察。,I,myself,will go there.,我亲自去那儿。,2.,反身代词常用搭配：,enjoy oneself=have a good time,by oneself=alone,help oneself to,learn sth.by oneself,=teach oneself sth.,注意：,oneself,有,单复数,之分,I enjoy,myself,.,Children,help,yourselves,to some fish.,不定代词,Indefinite Pronouns,不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词,all,each,every,both,either,neither,none,one,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no,由,some,any,no,every,等构成的合成代词,容易混淆的不定代词：,1.,some/any,some,（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中,There are,some,trees in front of the,house.,any,（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定句,Do you have,any,problems?,注意：,some,有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中,How about having,some,coffee?,要不要喝点咖啡？,May I ask,some,questions?,我可以问问题吗？,Could I have,some,candies?,我可以吃糖果吗？,Could you please give me,some,money?,你能给我些钱吗？,2.,many/much,many,修饰或指代复数名词,There are,many,apple,s,in the basket.,Many,of us like playing games.,much,修饰或指代不可数名词,Mike doesn,t know,much,English.,3.,another/other,another,泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个,I don,t want this book.Please show,me,another,.,other,后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的,Do you have any,other,questions?,4.,the other/others/the others,the other,1.,特指两个中的另一个,They have two sons.One is a teacher,the other,is a doctor.,2.,修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些,Jim likes swimming,and,the other,boys in his class like swimming,too.,others,泛指其他的人或物,He often helps,others,.,Some are singing,others,are dancing.,the others,特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物,There are 45 students in our class.Twenty-five of them are girls,the others,are boys.,5.few/a few/little/a little,few,/,a few,修饰,可数,名词,little,/,a little,修饰,不可数,名词,few,little,表示否定意义,译为,“,没,有几个,”,，,“,没有多少,”,a few,a little,表示肯定意义,译为,“,有几个,”,，,“,有一点,”,THANK YOU,SUCCESS,2025/4/13 周日,25,可编辑,There are,few,people,knowing about,him here.,这里几乎没人了解他。,There are,a few,boys,in the,classroom.,教室里有几个男孩。,She,knows,little,English,.,她不懂英语。,There is,a little,milk,in the bottle.,瓶子里有点牛奶。,few,和,little,与,quite,或,only,连用时，常加不定冠词,a,There are,quite a few,books in the library.,图书馆里有很多书。,6.,every/each,every,单数名词,表示,“,每一个,”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数,.,不与,of,连用,Every,child likes playing football.,each,表示,“,每一个,”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与,of,连用,Each,student was asked to try again.,Each,of,them has a nice cap.,7.all/none,all,“,(,全部,),都,”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前,We are,all,from China.,They,all,like English,.,none,“,没有,”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词,of,（谓语动词单、复数均可）,None of,them is/are afraid of dogs.,8.,both/either/neither,both,“,（两者）都,”,作主语时视为复数；作定语时后跟名词复数,His parents are,both,teachers,.,=,Both,of his parents,are,teachers.,neither,“,(,两者,),都不,”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数,;,作定语时后跟名词单数,Neither,answer,is,right,.,9.,something,/,anything,/,nothing,somebody,/,anybody,/,nobody,当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置,I have,something,important to tell you.,Is there,anything,else in the box?,Nobody,can answer your question.,either,“,两者中任何一个,”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数,;,作定语时后跟名词单数形式,There are trees on,either,side,of the road.,=There are trees on,both,side,s,of the road.,不定代词短语及应用,both of/either of/neither of,Both of,them sing well.,他们俩都唱得很好。,Either of,you goes to the movies.,你们俩随便谁去看电影都可以。,Neither of,them stopped to have a rest.,他们俩谁都不停下来休息。,both,and,（谓语动词用复数形式）,either,or/neither,nor,(,谓语动词遵循就近原则,),Both,Tom,and,Lucy,are,in Grade Two.,Tom,和,Lucy,都在二年级。,Either,my father,or,my mother,cooks,at,、,home.,或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家做饭。,Neither,he,nor,I,am,free today.,我和他今天都没空。,指示代词,Demonstrative Pronouns,表示空间和时间远近关系的代词,包括,:,this/that(,单数,),these/those(,复数,),1.,this,these,指在方位上较近的人或物,that,those,指在方位上较远的人或物,This,is my cap,that,s yours.,These,cars are made in China,those,are made in America.,2.,that,those,常指前面提过的东西,避免,重复,These,apples are bigger than,those,in the box.,3.,刚才提到的事情，在英文中用,that,He was ill yesterday.I,m sorry to hear,that,.,疑问代词,Interrogative Pronouns,用来构成特殊疑问句的代词,who whom whose what which,通常做主语、宾语、定语、表语。,What,makes you sad?,(,做主语,),Who(Whom),were you,talking with,?,(,做宾语,句中,with,不能提到句首,),Which,book do I need?,（做定语）,What,s your father?,（,做表语,）,注意：,在口语中，,who,和,whom,通用，但在介词后只能用,whom,With,whom,did he play chess?,With,who,did he play chess?,(,错,),Exercises,一、单项选择：,()1.The food _ smells terrible.,A.he B.itself C.himself D.herself,()2.The dog is wagging _ tail.,A.it B.its C.it,s D.itself,()3.Is this your basketball,boys?,No,it is not _,A.yours B.our C.mine D.ours,B,B,D,()4._ want to play with you.,A.Every student B.All the students,C.All of students D.Each student,()5._ of my parents will like you.,A.Both B.Neither C.All D.Either,()6.They all have tried,but _ have,succeeded.,A.a few B.few C.a little D.little,B,A,B,()7,.,Have you found _ on the Internet?,A.a few informations B.a few information,C.a little information D.a little informations,(),8,.He has 5 kids,one is a teacher,_ is,a doctor and _ are workers.,A.another,the others B.the other,others,C.others,the others D.another,the other,C,A,(,),9.-_ is the boy under the tree?,-Tim,s brother.,A.When B.Who C.Where D.What,(,),10.We have physics classes _day,Monday,Wednesday and Friday.,A.every two B.each other,C.every other D.all other,B,C,二,.,改错题：,1.Don,t worry.There is little time left.,2.My house is quite different from him.,3.,She has two sons.One is a driver,another is a doctor.,Don,t worry.There is,a little,time left.,My house is quite different from,his,.,She has two sons.One is a driver,the other,is a doctor.,4.I have important something to tell you.,5.Please give him it.,6.Every of us wants to have a look at your game.,I have,something,important to tell you.,Please give,it to him,Each,of us wants to have a look at your game.,7.The boy sits in front of Bob and I.,8.,I like to ask questions but I dont like to,answer it.,9.Jane doesn,t know what book to choose.,The boy sits in front of Bob and,me,.,I like to ask questions but I dont like to,answer,them,.,Jane doesnt know,which,book to choose.,The end!,THANK YOU,SUCCESS,2025/4/13 周日,48,可编辑,