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<p><span id="_baidu_bookmark_start_0" style="display: none; line-height: 0px;">‍</span>08-实验中学高二学业水平测试(化学)09.2 命题:徐志宏 &nbsp;校对:徐志宏 本试卷分第I卷(选用题)和第II卷(非选用题)两卷,满分100分,考试时间75分钟。请将选用题答案填涂在答题卡上,考试结束时与II卷答题纸一起上交。 也许用到原子量:H:1 C:12 &nbsp;N:14 O:16 &nbsp;Cl:35.5 &nbsp;Zn:65 第I卷(选用题,共69分) 一、选用题(本题共23小题,每题只有1个对旳答案,每题3分,共69分) 1.下列说法对旳是 A.原子核内具有4个质子 &nbsp; &nbsp; B.32S与33S互为同位素 C.正丁烷与异丁烷互为同系物 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.甲烷与乙烷互为同分异构体 2.环境污染已成为人类社会面临重大威胁,下列相应关系不对旳是 环境问题 重要污染物 环境问题 重要污染物 A 酸雨 二氧化硫 C 白色污染 二氧化硅 B 温室效应 二氧化碳 D 光化学烟雾 二氧化氮 3.下列物质中,不属于高分子化合物是 A.纤维素 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.蛋白质 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C.油脂 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.塑料 4.下列实验操作均要用玻璃棒,其中玻璃棒作用相似是 ① 过滤 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;② 蒸发 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;③ 溶解 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ④ 向容量瓶转移液体 A.①和② &nbsp; &nbsp;B.①和③ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C.③和④ &nbsp; &nbsp; D.①和④ 5.铝制品不合适长期盛放酸性食品和碱性食品是由于铝制品表层属于 A.金属铝 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.碱性氧化物 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C.酸性氧化物 &nbsp;D.两性氧化物 6. 下列实验操作中,不能用于物质分离是 7、火星上存在针铁矿[化学式:FeO(OH)]和黄钾铁矾,从而证明火星表面曾经存在过水。已知两种矿物中铁价态相似,则黄钾铁矾{化学式记为:KFe3(SO4)2(OH)n}中n值为 A.4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.5 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C.6 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.7 8.下列反映中,属于吸热反映是 A.稀硫酸与氢氧化钾溶液反映 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.Ba(OH)2·8H2O与NH4Cl固体反映 &nbsp; C.锌与稀盐酸反映 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.生石灰变成熟石灰反映 9、下列反映中,属于加成反映是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;A.苯硝化反映 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.乙酸与乙醇生成乙酸乙酯 C. 甲烷与氯气在光照条件下反映 &nbsp; &nbsp; D. 乙烯与溴四氯化碳溶液反映 10、用NA体现阿伏加德罗常数,下列说法中,对旳是 A.一般状况下,28g氮气所具有原子数目为NA &nbsp; B.1mol金属镁变成镁离子时失去电子数目为2NA &nbsp; &nbsp; C.原则状况下,22.4L水中具有NA个水分子 D.1mol/L CaCl2溶液中所含Cl—数为2NA 11.在一种2升容器中盛入2.0 mol某气态反映物,2 s后该气态物还剩余1 .6 mol。2 s内它反映速率为: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.0.1 mol/(L·s) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.0.2 mol /(L·s) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C.0.3 mol /(L·s) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.0.4 mol /(L·s) 12.取两等份铝片,第一份与足量盐酸反映,第二份与足量烧碱溶液反映。则同温同压下放出气体体积之比为A A.1:1 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.2:3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C.3:2 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.1:6 13.下列式子或图片错误是: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.S2- ‥ ‥ C.H+[∶O∶]2-H+ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.CO2分子构造式:O=C=O 14.有关元素周期表说法对旳是 &nbsp; &nbsp;A.元素周期表有8个主族 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.IA族元素所有是金属元素 &nbsp; &nbsp;C.元素周期表有7个周期 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.短周期是指第一、二周期 15.下列各组物质性质说法不对旳是 A.半径:Al &gt; Mg &gt; Na B.酸性:HClO4 &gt; H2SO4 &gt; H3PO4 C.碱性:NaOH &gt; Mg(OH)2 &gt; Al(OH)3 D.NaCl中仅含离子键,HCl中仅含共价键 16.对于反映MnO2 + 4HCl(浓) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2↑,下列说法不对旳是 A.该反映是氧化还原反映 B.MnO2是氧化剂 C.HCl是还原剂 D.若生成7.1 g Cl2,转移0.1 mol电子 17.将铜片和锌片用导线连接后插入番茄里,如右图所示,电流计指针发生偏转,铜片是 &nbsp; &nbsp;A.正极 B.电子流出电极 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C.发生氧化反映电极 D.逐渐溶解电极 18.下列溶液中Cl-浓度与50 mL 1 mol ·L-1 MgCl2溶液中Cl-浓度相等是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;            &nbsp; A. 150 mL 1 mol·L-1 &nbsp;NaCl溶液 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B. 75 mL 0.5mol·L-1 &nbsp;CaCl2溶液 C. 150 mL 2 mol·L-1 &nbsp;KCl溶液 &nbsp; &nbsp;  D. 75 mL 1 mol ·L-1 &nbsp;AlCl3溶液 19.下列各组离子在水溶液中能大量共存是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.Na+、Ba2+、Cl-、SO42- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B.Cu2+、Cl-、K+、SO42- &nbsp; &nbsp; C.Mg2+、Ag+、NO3-、Cl- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.H+、Cl-、Na+、CO32- 20.下列离子方程式书写对旳是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A.碳酸钙和盐酸反映:CO32-+2H+ == CO2↑+H2O B.Al(OH)3与盐酸反映:H++OH- == H2O C.Cl2溶于水 : &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;H2O+Cl2 == H++Cl-+HClO D.铁粉溶于稀盐酸中:2Fe+6H+══ 2Fe3++3H2↑ 21.某溶液中也许具有SO42-、CO32-、Cl-。为了检查其中与否具有SO42-,除BaCl2溶液外,还需要溶液是 A.H2SO4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.HCl &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C.NaOH &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; D.NaNO3 22.白酒、食醋、蔗糖、淀粉等均为家庭厨房中常用物质,运用这些物质能完毕下列实验是 &nbsp;①检查自来水中与否含氯离子 ②鉴别食盐和小苏打 ③蛋壳与否含碳酸钙 &nbsp;④食盐中与否加碘 A.①② &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B.①④ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C.②③ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;D.③④ 23.哈伯因发明了由氮气和氢气合成氨气措施而获得19诺贝尔化学奖。现向一密闭容器中充入1mol N2和3mol H2,在一定条件下使该反映发生。下列有关说法对旳是 A、达到化学平衡时,N2将完全转化为NH3 B、达到化学平衡时,N2、H2和NH3物质量浓度一定相等 C、达到化学平衡时,正反映和逆反映速率都为零 D、达到化学平衡时,N2、H2和NH3物质量浓度不再变化 08-实验中学高二学业水平测试(化学)09.2 命题:徐志宏 &nbsp;校对:徐志宏 也许用到原子量:H:1 C:12 &nbsp;N:14 O:16 &nbsp;Cl:35.5 &nbsp;Zn:65 第Ⅱ卷(非选用题 &nbsp;共31分) 二、填空题(本题为“化学与生活”模块内容,共15分。) 24.Ⅰ化学药物与人类健康息息有关。 (1)运用化学合成药物,可保障人体健康。 ①青霉素是良好抗生素,在使用前一定要 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 ②氢氧化铝[Al(OH)3]是某些抗酸药有效成分。氢氧化铝与胃酸反映化学方程式为: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。 (2)运用化学试剂,可尽早发现疾病。 糖尿病是老年人易患一种常用病,常体现为尿糖含量高,控制尿糖,就可控制病情。有一种尿糖检测试纸,将试纸浸入鲜尿中,取出后与原则色卡进行比较,以拟定尿糖浓度。简要回答: ①尿糖试纸是将滤纸剪成小条,在一种悬浊液中浸润后干燥而成。该悬浊液名称是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。 ②如果某人患有较严重尿糖病,试纸取出后应观测到 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 Ⅱ钢铁生产与使用是人类文明和生活进步一种重要标志。 (1)工业炼铁重要化学反映方程式为: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 (2)炒过菜铁锅未及时洗净(残液中含NaCl),第二天便会因腐蚀浮现红褐色锈斑。试回答: ①铁锅腐蚀重要是由 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 腐蚀导致。 ②铁锅锈蚀负极反映式为 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(3)为避免轮船船体在海水中腐蚀,一般在船身连接 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(填“镁块”或“铜块”)。 Ⅲ糖类是人体需要重要营养素,淀粉是重要一类糖。 在试管中加入0.5g淀粉和4mL20%H2SO4溶液,加热3~4min,然后用碱液中和试管中H2SO4溶液。请回答问题: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(1)下列物质富含淀粉是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (填“大米”或“青菜”或“猪肉”) (2)淀粉完全水解生成有机物化学式为 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(3)若要检查淀粉没有完全水解,可取少量上述溶液加入 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(填试剂名称),应观测到 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 三、填空题(共16分) 25.(5分)某待测液中也许具有Al3+、Fe3+、Na+、NH4+、Cl-等离子,现通过如下实验对其中阳离子进行检查: &nbsp;①取少量待测液,仔细观测,呈无色; &nbsp;②向上述待测液中滴加NaOH溶液,有白色沉淀生成,NaOH溶液过量后沉淀又完全溶解。实验过程中尚有刺激性气味气体产生,该气体能使湿润红色石蕊试纸变蓝。 &nbsp; (1)据此可以判断该待测液中一定具有阳离子是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,一定没有阳离子是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 (2)尚有一种阳离子没有检查,检查这种离子实验措施是(填写实验名称) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,现象是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。 26.(5分)下图中A~H均为中学化学中常用物质,A、B、H是气体,它们之间有如下转化关 系。(反映中生成水已略去) 请回答如下问题: &nbsp; &nbsp;(1)E是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,F是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (填化学式)。 &nbsp; &nbsp;(2)C物质在寻常生活中可作 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 剂。 &nbsp; &nbsp;(3)写出反映①化学方程式: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。 27.(6分)实验室既有5mol/L盐酸,但是急需配制250mL &nbsp;1mol/L盐酸。 (1)实验过程中,需要量取 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;mL &nbsp;5mol/L盐酸。 &nbsp;(2)取100 mL &nbsp;1mol/L盐酸,加入足量锌粒。当锌粒所有溶解时,消耗锌质量为 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; g,原则状况下收集到气体体积为 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;L。 08-实验中学高二学业水平测试答题纸(化学)09.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B C C D D C C B D B 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 A A C C A D A C B C 21 22 23 B C D 24.(15分) Ⅰ(1)①皮试 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ②Al(OH)3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O (2)①新制氢氧化铜悬浊液 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ②试纸变红 &nbsp; &nbsp;Ⅱ(1)Fe2O3&nbsp;+&nbsp;3CO &nbsp;2Fe&nbsp;+&nbsp;&nbsp;3CO2 (2)①电化学 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ②Fe—2e-=Fe2+ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(3)镁块 Ⅲ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(1)大米 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(2)C6H12O6 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(2)碘水 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 溶液显蓝色 25.(5分) (1)A13+、NH4+ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Fe3+ &nbsp; &nbsp; (2)焰色反映 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;火焰呈黄色 &nbsp; 26.(5分) (1)CaCO3 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;HCl (2)消毒(或漂白) &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(3)2C12+2Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+Ca(C1O)2+2H2O &nbsp; &nbsp; 27.(6分) (1)50 &nbsp; (2)3.25 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1.12 注:选用题每题3分,共69分;24~26题除方程式为2分外,每空1分;27题每空2分。</p>
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