人教版小学英语语法.doc

2014人教版小学英语语法
2014武穴家教中心新版学小学英语语法辅导教案
小学英语语法复习要点(1)
名词的概念
在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。
一、名词的数
名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。可数名词表示“一个”时用单数，“两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如 a piece of bread (一片面包)， 变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数， 如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。
1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音
shop --- shops (商店) 在清辅音后读 [ s ]
bag --- bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读 [ z ]
window --- windows (窗户) 在元音后读 [ z ]
2. 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。
class --- classes (班级) 词尾读音[ iz ]
box --- boxes (盒子)
match --- matches (比赛)
brush --- brushes (刷子)
3. 以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的词， 变y为 i 加es.
故事) 词尾读音[ iz ]
4. 以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的词，在词尾直接加 s
key --- keys 词尾读音[ z ]
monkey --- monkeys
5.以 “o” 结尾的名词， 复数有生命的在词尾加“es”, 无生命的加“s”
西红柿) 词尾读音[ z ] 土豆)
zoo --- zoos (动物园)
photo --- photos (照片)
6. 以 f或 fe 结尾的词，多数变f或 fe 为 ves.
树叶) 词尾读音[ vz ]
knife --- knives ( 小刀)
7. 不规则名词复数的变化
man --- men (男人) tooth ---teeth (牙齿)
child --- children (儿童) mouse --- mice(老鼠)
foot --- feet (脚) woman --- women (女人)
8. 名词单复数形式一样
sheep --- sheep (绵羊) deer --- deer （鹿）
English --- English（英国人） Chinese --- Chinese （中国人）
名词复数练习题
一，写出下列名词的复数形式
1.plane tree
month apple
bus brush
watch fox
life leaf
Wife
boy monkey
baby
5.photo
tomato hero
6. child tooth
Sheep Chinese
二，将下列名词变成复数形式。
puter ____________ 2.apple ____________ 3.city ______________
4.house _____________ 5.sheep _____________ 6.watch ______________
7.tomato _____________ 8.child _____________ 9.tooth ________
10.foot ______________ 11.wife _____________ 12.potato ____________
13.play _____________ 14.day ____________ 15.glass ______________
16.radio ______________ 17.zoo ______________ 18. life ______________
19. story _____________ 20.leaf _____________ 21. baby _____________
22.dress _____________ 23.butterfly _____________24. deer _____________
25.class _____________ 26.brush _____________ 27.key _____________
28. English ____________29.mouse ____________ 30. man _____________
二、名词所有格的构成法
1. 主要是在词尾加’ s 构成。如:
This is Tom’s desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。
That is Mike’s book. 那是迈克的书。
2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个’ . 如:
the teachers’ reading room 教师阅览室
the pupils’ pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒
3. 如果原名词是特殊的复数形式，变为所有格形式需在后面加上’ s 。如：
the children’s palace 少年宫
men’s room 男厕所
名词所有格练习题
一、汉译英
1．Tom的足球 _________________ 2. 老师们的自行车_________________
3．学生们的课桌 _________________ 4.哥哥的文具盒_________________
5．姑姑的卡片 _________________ 6.猴子们的香蕉_________________
7．蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________ 8.妈妈的包_________________
9．姐姐的连衣裙_________________ 10女孩们的苹果_________________
二、把下列句子翻译成英文
1．这些 是Peter 的篮球吗？ ________________________________________
2．这个是老师的钢笔吗？ ___________________________________________
3．有一些书在Sam的课桌上。________________________________________
4．有一些孩子们在教室里。___________________________________________
名词复数与所有格综合练习
一、改错 （圈出错处，在横线上改正过来）
1.There are some butterflys on the table. ________________________
2.This is Alice dress. ______________________
3.I like tomato very much. __________________
二、将下列句子变成复数形式。
1．This dog is brown.___________________________________________________
2. There is a book and a pen on the table.___________________________________________________
3.That woman is a teacher.___________________________________________________
三、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ √ ”
1．The house is my brother. ________________________
2. He has visited many country. ______________________
3. They are Englishs. ______________________________
4. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________
四、选择填空
1．There are two ______ in the room. A. Chineses B. Englishman
2.The old man will have ___________ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth
3. ____________ are sold in this bookstore. A. Children’s books B. Children books
4. Some friends of _________ will come here. A. John’s B. John
5. Can you give me ______________? A. some papers B. a piece of paper
6.There are ______________ on the floor. A. some box B. some boxes
五、将下列句子变成复数形式。
1．This sheep is white.___________________________________________________
2. There is a desk and a chair in the room.___________________________________________________
3.That man is a doctor.___________________________________________________
小学英语语法复习要点(2)
一、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
如：-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：
He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
动词单数第三人称形式的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
drink _____________go ______________stay _______________make ______________
look _______________have______________pass______________carry ___________
come_______________watch____________ plant______________fly ______________
study______________ brush_______________do________________teach______________
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often _________________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy ________________(be) in Class One.
3. We ________________(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick ________________ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______________ _ they _________________ (like) the World Cup?
6. What ___________ _____they often _____________ ___(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______________ _ your parents _____________ ___(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl ____________ ____(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I _____________ ____(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________________ _(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______________ _(like) cooking.
12. They ________________ (have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt ______________ __(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _____________ ___(do) your homework well.
15. I _______________ _(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______________ _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _____________ ___(do) not like PE.
18. The child often ___________ _____(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang ___________ _____(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______________ _(be) it today?－ It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)__________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_______________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)__________________________________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)__________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)__________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)__________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)__________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_____________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? _____________________________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? _____________________________________
3. He likes play games after class. _____________________________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. ____________________________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. ___________________________________
一般现在时态专项练习
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
post_______________ like_________________ ride__________________ study______________ eat________________ visit__________________ have__________________ watch______________ stop_______________ pass_________________ give__________________ fly_________________ jump_______________ rise_________________ write__________________ teach_______________ go_________________ read_________________ swim__________________ do_________________ 单项选择
( )1._____ you have a book ? A Do B. Are C. Is D. Have
( )2.Does Li Lei like to watch TV? ______________.
A. Yes, he like. B. No, he doesn’t. C. Yes, he’d like. D. No, he likes.
( )3.She doesn’t ______ her homework in the afternoon. A. doing B. to do C. does D. do
( )4.How ____ Mr. Smith ______ to England? A. do, go B. is , go C. does, go D. does , goes
( )5._____she______ home at six every day? A. Is , leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left 用下列动词的适当形式填空
1.I ______ ( get ) up at 6 o’clock every day.
2.My father ______ (have) a lovely dog.
3.He ______ (go ) to school on foot.
4.She ______ (do ) not like watching TV.
5.They ______ (play) football every Sunday afternoon.
按要求完成下列各题
1.Tomorrow is Saturday.(变成一般疑问句) _________ ________ Saturday ?
2.Does he play basketball every weekend? (肯定回答) Yes, ______ _______.
3.She looks like her sister.(变一般疑问句)_____ she ______ like her sister ?
4.Peter and Sam look the same.(一般疑问句) ______ they _____ the same ?
5.Do they always go to the movie (电影院) on Sundays ? (否定回答) No, _______ _______.
五、英汉互译
Tom经常放学后（after school）踢足球。__________________________________
我喜欢唱歌。__________________________________
He often goes to school on foot.__________________________________
Children like to play this game.__________________________________
今天是星期日。__________________________________
能力测试卷 （一般现在时）
写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
Go______________ stop______________ write______________ buy______________
have______________ do______________ fly______________ give______________
swim______________ ride______________ play______________ watch______________
study______________ cry______________ read______________ work______________
rise______________ go______________ come______________ carry______________
用动词的适当形式填空
He ______________ (go) to school on foot.
She _______________ not like watching TV. (do)
My father _______________ (have) a lovely dog.
I often ______________ ( get ) up at six every morning.
My mother _______________ ( work) in a school.
英汉互译
他经常在周六的时候读英语。_______________________________________________________
Peter 每天都帮助妈妈做家务。_____________________________________________________
Tom always plays football after school.______________________________ __________________
4．I get up at six o’clock every day. ______________________________________________________
5. The coat fits (适合) me very well. ______________________________________________________
小学英语语法复习要点(3)
二、现在进行时
现在进行时的介绍
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但特殊疑问词当主语时其结构为：
特殊疑问词 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play_____________ run_________________ swim ________________make_________________
go________________ like_______________ write_______________ _ski__________________
read_______________ have________________ sing _______________ dance________________
put________________ see_______________ buy ________________ love___________________
live______________ take________________ come _______________ get________________
stop________________ sit _______________ begin_______________ shop________________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
____________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
__________________________________________________________
现在进行时态专项练习
写出下列动词的现在分词形式
stay ____________ work ________ take _________
do __________ spend _________ give _________
listen __________ look _________ ride _________
suffer __________ make __________ please _________
refuse __________ put __________ win _________
close __________ sit __________ begin _________
operate _________ run __________ open _________
die _________ tie __________ lie _________
用所给动词的适当形式填空
Mary and Lucy are ________ (dance) now.
Listen! Someone is _______ (play) the piano in the next room.
He is __________ (sweep) the floor at the moment.
Look ! The cat ________ ________ (eat) the fish on the table.
A: ______ you _______ (study) French ? B: Yes , I am.
She often ____________ (dance) after school.
My father and mother ______ ______ (swim) in the pond.
My sister is ________ (fly) a kite in the garden.
We are __________ (watch) TV now.
Be quiet ! The baby _____ ______ (sleep) now.
改错
We are cleanning our classroom. ______________________________
She is sing in the next room. ______________________________
What am you doing? ______________________________
Mary is comeing back from Beijing.______________________________
He often flying kites on Sundays. ______________________________
They is reading books now. ______________________________
My brother is plays the guitar now. _______________________________
Sally is danceing in the room. _______________________________
I watching TV at home now. ________________________________
Do you listening the radio now? ________________________________
英汉互译
他正在教室里做作业。______________________________________________
We are reading English now.______________________________________________
Peter 和Billy in the playground）打篮球。____________________________________ Look ! A bird is flying in the sky.______________________________________________
公共汽车来了。______________________________________________ 刘先生经常在