资源描述
七年级(下) Units 9—12
,中考基础知识梳理
类别
课标考点要求
词
汇
攻
关
1.high→(名词)__height__
2．farm→(名词)__farmer__
3．slow→(反义词)__fast/quick__
4．mouse→(复数)__mice__
5．act→(名词)动作__action__
→(名词)男演员__actor__
→(名词)女演员__actress__
6．person→(形容词)__personal__
7．wake→(形容词)__awake__
8．sheep→(复数)__sheep__
9．cheap→(反义词)__expensive/dear__
→(副词)__cheaply__
10.thin→(反义词)胖的/重的__fat/heavy__
→(反义词)浓密的__thick__
→(比较级)__thinner__
→(最高级)__thinnest__
11．potato→(复数)__potatoes__
12．love→(形容词)__lovely__
13．nature→(形容词)__natural__
14．surprise→(形容词)__surprising/surprised__
15．different→(名词)__difference__
→(副词)__differently__
→(反义词)__same__
短
语
归
纳
1.总的说来__all__in__all__
2．沿路；一路上__along__the__way__
3．世界各地__around__the__world__
4．对……感兴趣__be__interested__in…__
5．吹灭__blow__out__
6．给……带来好运__bring__good__luck__to…__
7．出来__come__out__
8．切碎__cut__up__
9．吃惊__get__a__surprise__
10．受欢迎；流行__get__popular__
11.去划船/野营/钓鱼__go__boating/camping/fishing__
12．去散步__go__for__a__walk__
13．关于……了解很多__learn__a__lot__about…__
14．生火__make__a__fire__
15．许愿__make__a__wish__
16．根本不；完全不__not…at__all__
17．对……大声喊叫__shout__to…__
18．带领某人参观某地__show__sb.around__some__place
19．深夜不睡；熬夜__stay__up__late__
20．把……弄醒__wake…up__
句
型
再
现
1.“她长什么样？”“她留着长直发。”
—__What__does__she__look__like__？
—She __has__long__straight__hair__．
2．“你需要什么？”“我还没想好。”
—__What__would__ you like?
—__I'm__not__sure__ yet.
3．你想吃哪种面条？
__What__kind__of__noodles__ would you like?
4．蜡烛的数量就是这个人的年龄。
__The__number__of__candles__is__ the person's age.
5．卡罗尔拍了些照片吗？
__Did__Carol __take__any__photos__？
6．“上周的旅行怎么样？”“棒极了。”
—__How__was__ your trip last week?
—It was __excellent__．
7.然后导游教我们如何制作机器人模型。
Then the guide taught us __how__to__make__a__model__robot__．
8．礼品店里的东西这么贵。我一点都不喜欢这次行程。
The things in the gift shop were so expensive.I __didn't__ like the trip__at__all__．
9．这就是为什么学习第二语言很重要的原因。
That's why __it's__important__to__learn__ a second language.
10．在那里我们架起帐篷，生火取暖并做饭。
There we put up our tents and made a fire __to__keep__us__warm__ and cook food on.
11．但是我太累了，所以早早就睡觉了。
But I was __so__tired__that__ I went to sleep early.
12．我们看见一条大蛇正在篝火附近睡觉。
We saw a big snake sleeping__near__the__fire．
语法
结构
一般过去时
话
题
1.Physical appearance(外貌特征)
2．Food(食物)
3.School trips(校园旅行)
4．Weekend activities(周末活动)
,河北五年中考真题演练
◆词汇类
( C )1.(2014河北31题)How ____Cindy grows！She's almost as tall as her mother now.
A．cute B．strong
C．fast D．straight
( D )2.(2012河北39题)____ your name on the paper and you can get a magazine.
A．Cut down B．Look down
C．Turn down D．Put down
( A )3.(2011河北31题)We'd better wait ____more minutes.I think Jeff will come soon.
A．a few B．few C．a little D．little
◆动词的时态
( B )4.(2016河北32题)Oh no！I ______ my book in the lab.
A．leave B．left
C．will leave D．was leaving
( B )5.(2014河北40题)The teacher is already standing here.Do you know when she ______？
A．comes B．came
C．is coming D．was coming
( A )6.(2013河北37题)Ken ____his jacket in the gym.He has to get it back.
A．left B．leaves
C．is leaving D．was leaving
( B )7.(2012河北41题)Your sweater looks smart.Where ____you ____it?
A．do；get B．did；get
C．will；get D．have；got
( D )8.(2016河北38题)Emily is glad that she______ for her honesty at that meeting.
A．praises B．praised
C．is praised D．was praised
,河北中考重难点突破
if conj.如果
【满分点拨】
if的常见用法辨析
if
如果
引导条件状语从句
主句使用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。
是否
引导宾语从句(＝whether)
①主句是一般现在时，从句根据具体情况使用相应时态。
②主句是一般过去时，从句使用相对应的过去时态。
【误区警示】
if引导表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句时，从句中使用一般过去时(be动词通常用were)，主句用would/should/could＋动词原形。
If I were you，I would accept his offer.
如果我是你，我就会接受他的建议。
【巧学妙用】
if条件句不一般，几个要点记心间：
条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。
条件句，表可能，主句多用将来时。
【考点抢测】
( D )1.(2016裕华区中考模拟)—Are you going to Sam's birthday the day after tomorrow?
—I am not sure.I will go with you if I ______．
A．will invite B．invite
C．will be invited D．am invited
( A )2.(2016路南区二模)______ you don't go to bed early，you will feel tired in the morning.
A．If B．Unless
C．Though D．Until
( D )3.(2016石家庄28中模拟)We are sure that PM2.5 ______ if we work together to solve pollution problems.
A．will control B．is controlled
C．controls D．will be controlled
( D )4.(2015石家庄40中模拟)I think that studying in pairs or groups is necessary ____ you want to learn from each other in class.
A．though B．until
C．unless D．if
辨析few，a few，little与a little
【满分点拨】
few
表“否定”“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。
He has few friends here.这儿他几乎没朋友。
a few
表“肯定”“有一点”之意，修饰可数名词。
There are a few apples in the basket.篮子里有几个苹果。
little
表“否定”“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。
There is little water in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没水了。
a little
表“肯定”“有一点”之意，修饰不可数名词。
Don't worry.There is a little time left.别担心，还有一点时间。
【图解助记】
【考点抢测】
few a few little a little
5．There are __few__books left.We can't lend you any one.
6．There is __little__ink in my pen.Please give me __a__little__.
7．I have quite __a__few__books on art.
( C )8.(2016邯郸一模)The more careful you are，the ______ mistakes you will make.
A．less B．more
C．fewer D．better
( A )9.(2015河北中考模拟)There is ______ sheep at the foot of the hill.
A．a few B．few
C．little D．a little
would like…句型
【满分点拨】
would like的用法
(1)'d like是would like的缩写形式，would like相当于want。其常见用法：
①would like to do sth.＝want to do sth.想要做某事
②would like sb. to do sth.＝want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事
③Would you like sth.？你想要某物吗？(客气请求)
肯定答语：Yes，please.
否定答语：No，thanks.
④Would you like to do sth.？你愿意做某事吗？(表示：请、建议)
肯定答语：Yes，I'd like/love to.
否定答语：I'd love to，but…
(2)would like，want与feel like的用法辨析
①would like和want后接名词、不定式或复合宾语，feel like后接名词或动词 ing形式。
②would like比want语气更加委婉。
【考点抢测】
( C )10.(2016河北三模)Would you like a cup of coffee ______ shall we begin business right away?
A．and B．them
C．or D．but
( B )11.(2015石家庄28中押题卷)The old couple would like ______ children in the poor area rather than live an easy life.
A．teach B．to teach
C．teaching D．taught
( B )12.(2016武汉中考)—Would you like to play basketball with us this afternoon?
—______，but my mother is ill.
A．I don't care B．It's very nice of you
C．Of course not D．My pleasure
interested adj.感兴趣的
【满分点拨】
辨析interested，interesting与interest
interested
形容词
“感到有趣的”，只作表语，主语通常是人。be interested in sth.对某事(物)感兴趣；be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣。
interesting
形容词
“有趣的”，作表语或定语，主语通常是物。
interest
名词
“兴趣”，places of interest名胜。
【考点抢测】
interest interesting interested
13．Tom is __interested__ in the film.
14．This is an __interesting__ book.
15．I visited many places of __interest__．
( B )16.(2016石家庄43中模拟)Many boys and girls are made ________ what they are not ________．
A．to do；interested B．to do；interested in
C．do；interested in D．do；interested
辨析surprise，surprised与surprising
【满分点拨】
surprise
v.使惊讶
n.惊讶
in surprise惊讶地
to one's surprise令……感到吃惊
surprised
adj.感到惊讶的，主语是人
be surprised at对……感到惊讶
surprising
adj.令人惊讶的
用来修饰物
【考点抢测】
17．We were __surprised__at__(对……吃惊) the good result.
18．She looked at me __in__surprise__(吃惊地) just now.
19．We __are__surprised__to__(对……惊讶) hear he had left for London.
20．__To__my__surprise__(令我感到吃惊的是)，Mary hasn't returned my book so far.
( A )21.(2015石家庄42中模拟)What ____news it is！We are ____at it.
A．surprising；surprised
B．surprised；surprised
C．surprising；surprising
D．surprise；surprised
What does he look like？他长什么样？
【满分点拨】
What does/do＋主语＋look like？用来询问某人外貌特征，意思是“……看上去什么样？”，常用“主语＋be＋描述人物外貌特征的形容词”或“主语＋have/has＋名词(名词前可以有多个形容词修饰)”两种方式回答。
—What does your friend look like?
——你的朋友长什么样？
—He is short and thin.
——他又矮又瘦。
—What do they look like?
——他们长什么样？
—They're very tall.They have short straight hair.
——他们很高，留着短的直发。
【归纳拓展】
“What is sb. like？”意为“某人是怎样的人？”，既可以用来询问人的外貌，也可以用来询问人的性格、品质等内在特征。
—What is your father like?
——你爸爸是怎样的一个人？
—He is tall and handsome，and he's very kind.
——他又高又帅，而且还很善良。
【考点抢测】
( A )22.(2015石家庄43中一模)—______？
—He is not very heavy and wears glasses.
A．What does Ron look like
B．What is Ron
C．What do you think of Ron
D．How is Ron
( B )23.(2016石家庄初三质检二)—Could you tell me ______？
—He is outing and funny.
A．what your brother looks like
B．what your brother is like
C．what your brother likes
D．what your brother would like
What an interesting job they have！他们有一份多么有趣的工作啊！
【满分点拨】
此句是一个由what引导的感叹句。感叹部分为What an interesting job，they为主语，have为谓语。what的意思是“多么”，用作定语，修饰名词，其句式结构为：What＋(a/an)＋形容词＋可数名词单(复)数/不可数名词＋其他！感叹句中谓语有时可省略，有时主语和谓语一起省略。
【归纳拓展】
what引导的感叹句
What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！
What＋adj.＋可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)！
What＋adj.＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！
how引导的感叹句
How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！
How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)！
【巧学妙记】
巧记感叹句
感叹句，表情感，how，what放句前。
名词词组用what，how后形副紧相连。
【考点抢测】
( C )24.(2015保定17中模拟)—______ foggy day!
—Something must be done to solve the haze problem.
A．How B．What
C．What a D．How a
( D )25.(2016河北三模)______ exciting news report he wrote!
A．How B．What a
C．What D．What an
( D )26.(2016海港区升学一模)—______ lovely day it is today!
—Yes.Let's go out and enjoy the sunshine.
A．How B．How a
C．What D．What a
,常考话题写作指导
校园旅行
◆写作导图
从全国近五年校园旅行相关话题书面表达的命题来看，通常有三个角度的内容：
1．旅行前的准备：通常包含旅行目的、旅行地点、出游交通方式、必备物品、出发时间等。
2．旅行时需要注意的事项：保护环境，不乱扔垃圾；遵守规章制度；积极主动帮助他人等。
3．旅游方式的描述。
4．旅行后的收获。
结合河北考情，可以预测第一种考查角度几率更大。
School tripBefore the tripTime
Places
Person
Purposes(relax，know more things…)
Transportation(by plane，train，ship…)
Necessary items(map，umbrella…)
During
the tripWeather(sunny，cloudy，windy…)
Food
Activitiesmuseum
mountain
park
beach
Protect the environment
Obey the rules
Like and dislikeCity environment
People are very
kind
Traffic jam
After the trip—Feelings(exciting，
tired，happy)
◆亮点句型速成
常用句型：I had some experiences.I traveled in Beijing.
推荐句型：→I had some experiences when I traveled in Beijing.
常用句型：I could go traveling to a tourist attraction.I enjoyed myself in the summer holiday.
推荐句型：→I could go traveling to a tourist attraction to enjoy myself in the summer holiday.
1．I'm so excited about my trip to…
2．I hope you will have a good time here.
3．Every month，we go on a school trip to a museum or a theater.
4．I will meet many people and make friends with them during my trip.
5．It's not surprising that so many students can't wait to go traveling after the examination!
6．I want to travel to the Great Wall one day.
7．There's a ten thirty flight in the morning.
8．We have only one day for New York.
9．I'm very glad to be your guide.
10．I don't know which place is the most beautiful.
11．You'd better wear your sports shoes.
◆写作模板
I want to travel to 地方，and I want to go there 和谁一起．I think I will relax myself in the journey.I can see 旅途中所见所闻．I will take 旅游所带的东西．And I will also take a camera.I'll take photos of 所拍景点．These photos will 照片的作用．When I become old，I can 和谁一起分享 about it.The trip is so interesting that I will never forget.
◆典例剖析
初中生活即将结束，一项调查结果显示很多同学想在考试后去旅游，但也有同学不喜欢旅游。请以“Traveling is…”为题写一篇约100词的英语作文谈谈你的看法。
要求：
1．先把题目补充完整(可用interesting，boring等)；
2．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1．本文属于半命题式的书面表达，根据提示可以用interesting，boring等把题目补充完整，所以对于考生有一定的发展空间。若认为旅游有趣，需要写出旅游时能够做的事情(观光旅游、增长见识、结交新朋友等)；若认为旅游枯燥，需要写出旅游中烦恼的事(人多拥挤、旅游中的不愉快、睡眠不好、身体疲惫等)。
2．短文要求谈论你的看法，写作时用第二人称更好。
3．根据调查结果，谈谈你的看法，主要用一般现在时。
4．词数约100词，不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。
【范文点评】
Traveling is interesting
①Traveling__is__interes ting.You will have lots of fun things to do and see during the trip.②Just__imagine__that__you__are__walking__in__the__beautiful__mountains，enjoying__the__fresh__air__and__listening__to__the__birds__singing.③It's__amazing，isn't__it？④Sometimes，you__may__meet__people__from__different__places__and__make__friends__with__them，which__makes__your__trip__a__more__pleasant__one.⑤Also，you__may__have__many__interesting__things__to__share__with__your__friendswhen__you__are__back. All the pleasure of your trip will be kept in your memory.⑥It's__not__surprising__that__so__many__students__can't__wait__to__go__traveling__after__the__examina tion！
①开门见山，表明观点：旅游很有趣。
②使用了宾语从句，在从句中使用三个进行时态表达想象中的旅游美景，让读者有身临其境的感觉，同时增加了句子的可读性。
③使用反意疑问句再次强调旅游感受，显示了作者的语言运用能力不凡。
④非限制性定语从句的使用，显示了作者深厚的语言功底，and连接的并列句使用自如，增加了文章的可读性，介词短语from different places作定语修饰people，也是增分的亮点。
⑤also一词增强文章起伏，使文章前后呼应。when引导的时间状语从句，显示出句式的多样性。
⑥以一个主语从句总结全文，说明旅游确实很有趣。can't wait to短语体现了动作的紧迫性，也给文章增色不少。
,河北中考考点精练
Ⅰ.单项选择。
( C )1.—What does the lady look like?
—______．
A．She's fine and well
B．She's really a nice lady
C．She's tall and thin
D．She likes wearing skirts
( C )2.(2016路北区三模)—Dad，what do you think of the picture I draw?
—______！It's the nicest one that I have ever seen.
A．What beautiful
B．How terrible
C．How wonderful
D．What wonderful picture
( B )3.______she dances!
A．How good B．How well
C．What well D．What a good
( B )4.(2016唐山丰润区三模)If the Browns go to visit the Summer Palace，______if it ______ rain tomorrow.
A．so we will；doesn't
B．so will we；doesn't
C．so do we；doesn't
D．so will we；won't
( B )5.(2016唐山丰润区三模)—I'm sorry I ______ my homework at home.
—Don't forget______it to school tomorrow.
A．forgot；to take B．left；to bring
C．forgot；to bring D．left；to take
( B )6.______ children there are in a family，______their life will be.
A．The less；the better
B．The fewer；the better
C．Fewer；richer
D．More；poorer
( B )7.(2016上海中考)Last week Vivian ______ a dress for her mother with her first month salary.
A．buy B．bought
C．will buy D．would buy
( C )8.(2016黔南中考)I've been so bored for a long time.I hope to have ______ to do.
A．exciting anything B．nothing exciting
C．something interesting D．good something
( B )9.(2016烟台中考)—______ is it from your home to school?
—It's about ten minutes' walk.
A．How long B．How far
C．How many D．How much
( B )10.(2016苏州中考)—I'd like to choose yellow as the color of our bedroom.
—______．The color brings me a warm and comfortable feeling.
A．No way B．Sounds great
C．In your dreams D．I can't decide
Ⅱ.(2016唐山市丰润区三模)完形填空。
Years ago，while I lived in England，part of my college task was to help the kids with special needs.I was chosen to __1__ in a school with disabled kids.The teacher asked me to look after Nancy，a ten year old girl.One of __2__ hands could not move.At her school the teachers would think it was an achievement if she was able to put on her own coat.But I saw more in her.She had always wanted to put a string(线) __3__ the hole or a key.
For the 5 years Nancy was in the school，the teachers always __4__ to help her，but always ended up doing all the work for her.I knew Nancy could do __5__ ，so I encouraged her to do something herself.At first Nancy often failed and got very __6__. Sometimes I wanted to give up，too.However，after a week Nancy was able to do __7__ she had wanted to alone for so many years.Her teachers cried __8__ when they saw the thing she was able to do with just some encouragement.
Disabled people should __9__ be told they can't do this or that.With just some encouragement they can do it.The look on that girl's face when she was able to do it herself meant the __10__ to me.I hope everyone will encourage people to do all they want by themselves instead of tell
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