2023年职称英语考试模拟试题补全短文.doc

2023年职称英语考试精选模拟试题：补全短文
Every Dog Has Its Say
Kimiko Fukuda，a Japanese girl，always wondered what her dog was trying to say Whenever she put on makeup，it would pull at her sleeve. (46)When the dog barks，she glances at a small electronic gadget(装置)The following“human”translation appears on its screen：“Please take me with you.“I realized that’S how he was feeling.”said Fukuda.
The gadget is called Bowlingual ，and it translates dog barks into feelings.People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world’s first dog。human translation machine in 2023 But 300.000 Japanese dog owners bought it. (47)
“Nobody else had thought about it，”said Masahiko Kajita，who works for Takara.“We spend SO much time training dogs to understand our orders;what would it be like if we could understand dogs?’’Bowlingual has two parts. (48)The translation is done in the gadget using a database(资料库)containing every kind of bark.
Based on animal behaviour research，these noises are divided into six categories：happiness，sadness，frustration，anger，declaration and desire (49)In this way，the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion，which is then translated into one of 200 phrases.
When a visitor went to Fukuda’s house recently，the dog barked a loud“bow WOW”This translated as‘Don’t come this way” (50)
The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US$120.It can store up to 100 barks，even recording the dog’s emotions when the owner is away.
A A wireless microphone is attached to the dog’s collar，which sends information to the gadget Held by the owner’
B Nobody really knows how a dog feels
C It was followed by“I’m stronger than you”as the dog growled(嗥叫)and sniffed(嗅)at thevisitor
D More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer
E Now，the Japanese girl thinks she knows
F Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like“Let’s play”，“Look at me”，or“Spend more time with me”
参考答案：
46 E 文章的第一句话提出了Kimiko Fukuda一直在想的一件事，即狗究竟想表达什么。紧接着应当给出一个答案是比较符合逻辑的。E就是答案。
47 D 上一句话说的30万日本养狗人已经买了人狗翻译机。符合逻辑的一步是更多的人还会买。因此D是合理的选项。
48 A 上一句说的是Bowlingual这个装置有两个部分。接着应当是具体说明。A是对装置的具体说明。
49 F 第五段的第一句话说的是：根据动物行为研究，这些杂音可以提成六类：幸福;悲痛;受挫;气愤;声称;欲望。由于是人狗翻译机，这些情感还需要人的话相应起来。
50 C 上一句话说的是：当一个客人最近来到F1Jkuda的屋时，狗大声地叫着“bow wow”的声音。由于是在讲人狗翻泽机，下面一句话应当讲的是它的翻译。因此C是对的。

Why Would They Falsely Confess?
Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To mostpeople，it just doesn’t seem logical.But it is logical，say experts。if you understand what call happen in a police interrogation(审讯)room.
Under the right conditions，people’s minds are susceptible(易受影响的)to influence，and the pressure put on suspects during police questioning is enormous. __________ . (46)“The pressure is important to understand，because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn’t do.The answer is：to put all end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess.
Developmental psychologist Mary Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn’t do. __________ . (47)the researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting “alt” key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility.Redlich’s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely 59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. __________. (48) Of the 15-to 16-year-olds，72 percent signed confessions，as 3-year-olds.
“There’s no question that young people are more at risk，”says Saul Kassin，a psychology professor at Williams College，who has done similar studies with similar . __________ . (49)
Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire ‘‘interrogation” in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning--and still，most participants falsely decision.”
__________ . (50)“In some ways，”says Kassin，“false confession becomes a rational A In her experiment，participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the“alt” key,because doing So would crash the systems.
A In her experiment，participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the“alt” key, because doing So would crash the systems.
B Because of the stress of a police interrogation，they conclude，suspects can become convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation.
C “It’s a little like somebody’s working on them with a dental(牙齿) drill,” says Franklin Zimring，a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley.
D“But the baseline is that adults are highly vulnerable too.”
E The court found him innocent and he was released.
F Redlich also found that the younger the participant，the more likely a false confession.
答案解析：
46.对的答案为C。这一段谈的是pressure方面的事，请注旨在这个空格后面是一段引言，但没有原说话人的名字，这也给我们提醒，在填入部分里应当有原说话人的名字。可以考虑的B、C、F三个选项， 但从内容上考虑应当选c。
47.对的答案为A。这里填入的部分是对Redlich所做实验的描述，下文又讲到计算机，所以不难选定A。
48.对的答案为F。这一段讲的是Redlich实验的结果，一开始就讲了她的finding。填入的部分里有also这个词，正好接上。而后面的一句话则用更具体的数据来支持她的结论：越年轻，越也许做假供。
49.对的答案为.D。Saul Kassin批准Redlich的结果，她认为年轻人风险大(more at risk)，但同时她又认为成年人也十分脆弱(vulnerable)。
50.对的答案为B。由于在审讯过程中受到的压力，许多人认为做假供是一种摆脱厄境的方法，因此也是一种合理的决定。

Caribbean Islands
What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands Palm trees and coconuts(椰子)?White beaches and clear，blue ocean Colorful corals(珊瑚)and even more colorful fishes and birds?
You bet.There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea.They are famous for theirwarm，tropical climate and great natural beauty.
The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean Some of the islands were formed by the eruption(爆发)of ancient volcanoes(火山 ) (46)The Caribbean Islands are known by several names. (47)The explorerChristopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near thecoast of India.Later ,Spain and France called the islands the AntillesThere are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea (48) These four islands areoften called the Greater Antilles Together ,they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands.
The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller.Some of these islands are no more thantiny slivers(小片)of exposed coral.You can see why pirates(海盗)such as the famous Blackbeard sailed these waters (49) The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warn]and sunny Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands.This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year
A But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always painful
B The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies，later changed to the West Indies
C Others are low—lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.
D They are Cuba，Puerto Rico，Jamaica，and Hispaniola.(so)
E Many tourists arrive on cruise ships
F There are countless small islands to bury treasure or hide on.
答案解析：
46 c 第三段的第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西洋的其他部分分开。有也许构成答案的是c和D。由于它们的第一个词都是“They”，该词回指“The Caribbean Islands”。但是，“The Caribbean Islands”只有古巴等四个国家组成不符合实际情况，因此c是对的的。
47 B 第四段的第一句话(主题句)说的是：加勒比群岛有好几个名字。这是总的概括，紧接着应当是具体的说明。B是具体的说明：欧洲人最早用的名字是印度群岛(the Indies)，后来叫做西印度群岛(the West Indies)。
48 D 第五段的第一句话说的是下面应当列举。D是列举。
49 F 第六段的第一句话说的是一步说明。F是进一步说明。加勒比海有四个大的岛屿。这是一个总的说明。加勒比群岛中的其他岛屿小得多。
50 E 最后一段讲到加勒比海的天气温暖，阳光富余，许多岛屿的海岸有沙滩。这样的自然环境显然会吸引旅游者。因此E是对的的选择。
False Fear of Big Fish
Many people believe sharks(鲨鱼)are dangerous and will always try to hurt or even killhumans.______ (46)
A shark exhibition at the National Aquarium(水族馆)in Baltimore，US，proves this.
Visitors can touch young sharks.see their eggs develop and watch a dozen different species swim smoothly around a huge tank.
Most people fail to realize that shark attacks don’t happen very often.Humans are mote likely to be killed by lightning than by a shark.______ (47)There，kids Call learn，from an early age，not to fear sharks.
"People fear what they don’t know，”said Nancy Hotchkiss。an organizer of the exhibition.“Sharks have been around for 400 million years and play 1til important role in the ocean’s foodchain.We want people to discover that sharks are amazing animals that need our respect andprotection.”
______ (48)A study ,published in January in the US magazine，Science，found that almost all recorded shark species have fallen by half in the past eight to 15 years.
Thousands of sharks are hunted in Asia for special foods，such as shark fin(鱼翅)soup.Andmany others get caught in nets，while fishermen are hunting other fish.______ (49)
“Some fishing methods are actually cleaning out the ocean for sharks，”said Dave Schofield，the manager of the aquarium’s ocean health program me.______ (50)
A They Call watch them develop inside their eggs and fee! the skin of the older swimmers
B A shocking 1 00 million sharks are killed every year around the world by humans.
C In fact,94 per cent of the world’s 400 species are harmless to humans
D It is a worrying situation and some areas have put measures in place to protect these specialfish.
E And to make this point clear, the museum has set up a special touching pool for children.
F More than half of the sharks caught are smaller than 1 metra long.
答案解析：
46对的答案为C。 文章第一段第一句的意思是，很多人认为鲨鱼是危险的，总是试图伤害甚至威胁人类的性命。选项C的意思是：事实上，世界上400多种(鲨鱼)中94%的鲨鱼对人类是无害的。此旬的意思和第一句联系起来语意通顺，合乎逻辑，故选C。
47对的答案为E。 And to make this。point clear,，。the museum has set up a special touching pool for children：为了清楚地说明这一点，博物馆专门为孩子们搭建了一个可以进行触摸(鲨鱼)的水池。第二段重要讲鲨鱼并不经常袭击人类，为了证明这一点，博物馆……选项E放入空格处很连贯，与原文意思相符，故E为对的答案。
48对的答案为B。 此段的第一句被删除了，规定考生补全。空格后面举例说明过去8至2023内鲨鱼种群消亡了多少，选项B(A shocking 100million sharks are killed every year around the world by humans.)显然是本段的主题句，概括本段的意思，故B为对的答案。
49对的答案为F。空格前面讲的是渔民们捕杀鲨鱼的事情，选项F具体谈到被捕杀的鲨鱼有多大，选项F与前面叙述的内容形成一种逻辑上的连贯关系，故F为对的答案。
50对的答案为D。文章最后一段谈到现在的一些捕鲨方式快把鲨鱼捕尽了，选项D的意思是：这种情况令人担忧，有些地区已经采用措施来保护这些特殊的鲨鱼(It is a worrying situation and some areas have put measures in place t0 protect these special fish.)，可见D是对的的。

Conservation or wasted Effort
The black robin(旅鸫)is one of the world’s rarest birds.It is a small，wild bird，and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere，off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there;in 1977 there were fewer than ten.
Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.——(47)The idea is to buy another island nearby as a special home，a“reserve”，for threatened wild life，including black robins.The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked(重新准备)with the robin’s food.Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.
Is all this concern a waste of human effort? what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?_____ (48)Are we losing our sense of In the earth’s long，long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved，risen to a degree of success and died out.In the long，long future there will be many new and different forms of life.Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time._____ (49)This is nature’s proven method of operation.
The rule of selection--“the survival of the fittest”—-is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene.We，being ode of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced，may last longer than most._____ (50)You may take it as another rule that when，at last.human beings show signs of dying out，no other creature will extend a paw(爪)to postpone our departure.On the contrary, we will be hurried out.
Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins.I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.
A Some creatures，certain small animals，insects and birds，will almost certainly outlast(比……长期)man，for they seem even more adaptable.
B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.
C Detailed studies are going on，and a public appeal for money has been made.
D Both represent orders in the classification of life
E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?
F These are the only black robins left in the world
答案解析：
46.对的答案为F。这篇文章的主题是保护珍稀物种。文章第一段讲到，离新西兰不远的一座岛上生活着一些黑旅鸫，这些鸟已经不多了，1967年时尚有50多只，1977年的时候还剩10只。选项F的意思是：这是世界上仅存的黑旅鸫了。逻辑上讥这两句话的意思是讲得通的，these就指前面的black robins，故答案为F。
47.对的答案为C。第二段第一句说，人们正采用一些积极的办法来保护这种鸟类。采用什么办法呢?选项C说，一方面具体的研究工作正在进行，另一方面人们已经募集了许多钱来从事保护工作。选项c正是对本段第一句的说明或解释，故选项C为对的答案。
48.对的答案为E。选项E是一个问句，第三段中的第一句和最后一句也是问旬。根据这个线索我们也可以做出对的选择。选项E的意思是说，黑旅鸫消失或是保存下来关我们什么事吗?把它放到原文中去，意思连起来顺畅，故选E。
49.对的答案为B。文章第四段重要在谈地球上的万物都遵循优胜劣汰，适者生存的的规律。选项B就是这个意思。注意这里的“those”指代的是those creatures。
50.对的答案为A。这一段还在谈适者生存的规律，其中提到地球上的人类也许比某些物种存活的长期，选项A则说的是，有些物种(一些小动物、昆虫或鸟类)却比人存活的更久。此旬意思可以和前面的意思连得上，所以选A。