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上海牛津英语六年级 上下册全知识点梳理
频度副词
always/sometimes/usually/never 是频度副词 ,提问应当要用How often??
在句中的位置是:放在行为动词的前面,放在be动词的后面。也可以说“行前系后”。 E.g She is always kind.她总是很善良的。
She always helps other people.她总是帮助其别人。
不能出现这样的句子:She is always helps other people.(×)
一句话中不能同时出现两个动词。并且要注意主谓保持一致,特别注意第三人称单数不可以忽略。
how often 与 how many times
how often 提问“频率次数+时间范围”
how many times 提问“频率次数”
e.g. —How often do you exercise? —Twice a week.
—How many times have you been there? —Twice.
副词
表达动作特性或性状特性。一般用来形容或修饰除了名词和代词以外的词,重要修饰形容词、动词、其他副词和句子。
He looks very happy.(修饰形容词)
The old lady is walking slowly now.(修饰动词)
Luckily, he got the first prize.(修饰句子)
形容词后面+ly构成副词:
slow—slowly slight—slightly quick—quicklycareful—carefully fierce—fiercely immediate—immediatelygentle—gentlylucky—luckilyhappy—happily
介词
What else do you do with your??你和你的?还干什么?
With是个介词,后面接人称代词时,要用宾格的形式。
With me/him/her/it/us /them在具体的某一楼层只能用介词on,并且第几层还要用序数词 On the ground floor, on the first floor, on the fifteenth floor
具体的某一天介词只能用on
On Sunday, On Sunday morning,On the Open Day
he one on the left/right 左边/右边的这个 the one in the middle 中间的这个
假如是介词短语修饰the one,应当要放在the one后面 ,假如是形容词应放the one的中间the left/right onethe middle one
at weekends= at the weekend在周末
现在完毕时
现在完毕时的构成是: have/has +动词的过去分词。
have/has been to 去过,到过 (表达现在已经回来)
have/has been in 住在 = have lived / stayed in
have/has gone to 去,到?.. (表达现在还没有回来)
e.g. We have already been to Changfeng Park.
Have you been to ?..yet? 你去过?..吗?
Yes, I have already/just been to?./been there. 是的,我已经去过了。
No, I haven?t been to ?/been there yet. 不,还没有去过。
already 已经(多用于肯定句,放于动词前)
yet 迄今,还(多用于疑问句和否认句,放于句末)
just 刚刚 (用法和位置和already相同)
e.g. I have already been to Lily’s home.
Have you been to Lily’s home yet? I have lived in Shanghai for thirteen years.
No, I haven’t been to her home yet.
live / stay ?for?在?住/待?(时间)
for +一段时间,多与现在完毕时连用表达动作从过去延续到现在的一段时间,并用how long提问。
代词
one 用来指代一个人或事物,而ones用来指代一些人或事物。
定冠词the
定冠词the的用法:
a. 在球类运动前不加定冠词the play football / basketball / tennis, etc.
b. 在乐器前必须加定冠词the play the piano / violin, etc.
c. 在watching television中,不加定冠词the
时间表达方式
on the tenth of September / on September tenth 9月10日
two fifteen = a quarter past two2:15
Three ten = ten past three 3:10
One thirty = half past one 1:30
two forty = twenty to three 2:40
half an hour = 30 minutes 用了half an hour后面就不能再有minutes
one and a half hours=one hour and a half 一个半小时
One hour and twenty minutes 一小时二十分钟
a.m./p.m.分别表达上午和下午。
First,?/Next,?/Then?/After that,?/Finally,?
Finally = at last = in the end
时间状语从句
when? 当...的时候
引导时间状语从句,表达一个动作与另一个动作同一时间发生,或一个动作在另一个动作所延续的范围之内发生。主从句时态要一致。当主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替将来时。
What can you see when there is a typhoon? 当有台风时,你能看见什么?
When it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go out for a walk. 当明天天气不下雨时,我将出去散步。
交通工具
By bus/bike/car/underground/train/ferryride
take a bus/bike/car/underground/train/ferry
He goes to school by bus.=He takes a bus to school.
He goes to school by bike.=He rides his/a bike to school.=He cycles to school.
其他的交通工具都能用take来表达乘,但bike只能用ride a bike
on foot 步行 She goes to work on foot every day.=She walks to work every day.
数词、量词
a few 只能修饰可数名词,与可数名词的复数形式连用a little 只能修饰不可数名词 some / a lot of 既可修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。当与可数名词连用时,只能与可数名词的复数形式连用
Some用在肯定句中,any用于否认和疑问句中。
plenty of “许多,大量”,后面可跟不可数名词或可数名词复数
too much 太多+不可数名词
too many 太多+可数名词复数
e.g. Don’t drink too much cola. 不要喝太多的可乐。
Too many sweets are bad for your teeth. 吃太多糖对你的牙齿不好。
too little 太少+不可数名词
too few 太少+可数名词复数
可以用not...enough (修饰可数或不可数名词)结构改写句子。
e.g. You eat too little fruit. = You don’t eat enough fruit.
less 更少+不可数名词 (less是little的比较级)
fewer 更少+可数名词 (fewer是few的比较级)
more 更多+可数名词、不可数名词 (more是many、much共同的比较级)
e.g. You should have less meat, fewer soft drinks and do more exercise. 你应当少吃肉,少喝软饮料,多做运动。
once 一次 twice 两次
三次及以上: 数字+times
a quarter of 四分之一 three quarters of 四分之三
量词:a slice of /slices of; a tin of/ tins of; a bag of/ bags of; a piece of/ pieces of
问句
How many uncles do you have?你有多少个叔叔?
How many后面接可数名词的复数形式。
Why do you like??你为什么喜欢??? I like?because?我喜欢??是由于??
Which place shall we visit?我们将参与哪个地方?
When are we going to come back?我们将什么时候回来?
What kind of soup/fruit would you like?你想要哪种汤/水果?
What does this sign mean?这个标志意味着什么?
What does this sign mean?=what is the meaning of this sign?
Where can we find it?我们在哪里能找到它?
Which door must we use?我们必须要使用哪一扇门?
Would you like rice or noodles for dinner tonight?
你晚饭是想吃饭还是吃面条?or在这里是标示一种选择关系。
A:May I have some?,please?
B: Ok. Here you are./Sorry. I haven?t got any. May I??用于提出请求。 回答时,表达允许,常用Ok。/Sure./All right./Yes, you may.
表达拒绝时,常用No, you may not./ I?m afraid you can?t. 并且may not不能用缩写的形式。
A:Would you like some??B: Yes, please./No, thanks.
接受别人的请求时,应说Yes, please.;拒绝别人时,应说No, thanks.
I don?t want any ? because it?s/they?re (too) sweet/salty/spicy/sour/bitter
How often??? “多久一次”,用于对时间频率提问。
情态动词
must 意为“必须”表达很重要或必要。 must not意为“不准”,表达不允许或严禁 must是个情态动词,后面接动词原形。
We mustn?t eat or drink.
or用于否认句中表达“并列”
and用于肯定句中表达“并列”。
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