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南昌十中2022-2023学年
高三一模模拟英语试题
命题人：陈晓玲 审题人：龚希
本试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Ask for leave. B. Repair her car. C. Give her a lift.
2. Which museum did the girl visit?
A. The Science Museum. B. The Nature Museum. C. The Art Museum.
3. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To pick him up. B. To do the washing. C. To get her container back.
4. What does the woman ask John to do?
A. Clean the kitchen. B. Taste the chicken. C. Cut the chicken.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He is a good cook.
B. He isn’t good at cooking.
C. He likes the woman’s cooking.
第二节（共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did Amy do on Saturday morning?
A. She went shopping. B. She went jogging. C. She went to the gym.
7. When did Amy go on a date?
A. On Saturday night. B. On Sunday afternoon. C. On Sunday night.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. How much time is left for the man to pick Greta up?
A. 45 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 20 minutes.
9. Why does the woman think the man is crazy?
A. He doesn’t have breakfast.
B. He ate the apple in her bag.
C. He’ll buy food at the airport.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What was the boy’s mother doing when he fell?
A. Putting away his toys. B. Looking after his sister. C. Sitting in the living room.
11. Why did the boy fall out of the window?
A. He tried to catch his biscuit.
B. He fell out of the broken chair.
C. He pushed hard to open the window.
12. What part of the boy’s body got hurt?
A. His leg. B. His arm. C. His head.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who does this pen belong to?
A. The man’s son. B. The man’s wife. C. The man’s daughter.
14. What color pen is unavailable now?
A. Purple. B. Black. C. Yellow.
15. How much does the pen with a red leather cover cost?
A. $14. B. $13. C. $11.
16. What will the man probably do?
A. Come again tomorrow. B. Buy another pen now. C. Wait for the woman’s call.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why did the speaker hurry to go to school?
A. He had to borrow books.
B. He was afraid to be late.
C. He rushed to hand in his papers.
18. What was the speaker’s attitude towards the old man?
A. Indifferent. B. Bad. C. Polite.
19. Who did the old man turn to be?
A. The new teacher. B. A famous writer. C. The headmaster.
20. What does the speaker talk about?
A. An exciting lunch party.
B. A well-known short story.
C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30）
A
Today’s modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval (中世纪的) towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe’s top skiing destinations. If you’re looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there? You’ll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort (旅游胜地) once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup project based in Barcelona, help to empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and help protect the environment as you travel. This
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volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in Renaissance villas (文艺复兴风格的别墅) and farmhouses. You don’t need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
21. What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania?
A. Helping to care for bears. B. Finding a job in the castle.
C. Reading the novel Dracula. D. Visiting its modern buildings.
22. Where can you earn money while traveling?
A. In Transylvania. B. In Tuscany.
C. In Spain. D. In Austria.
23. What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany?
A. They suit experienced riders.
B. They are unique to Tuscany.
C. They are growing in popularity.
D. They feature a typical guided tour.
B
Overlooking the Davis-Gant Varsity Soccer Field, a bed of overturned soil waits for further development. In a few years, this area will become a natural habitat and a playground for animals and residents. This peaceful area didn’t appear naturally, but through planning and action taken by Catlin Gabel’s Tiny Forest project launched by teacher Patrick Walsh.
Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth. “Tiny forests shorten the time through the planting of all four layers,” Walsh explained. The end result is a fast-growing, native forest in about 20 years. Over 600 plants from 43 species will be planted in the tiny forest, the first one in Oregon.
Walsh was inspired to build a tiny forest after hearing about this idea, which emerged in Japan and has taken hold in North America. He shared his vision with seniors in his class. The seniors researched tiny forests and made a proposal resulting in Clean Water Services donating 60 trees and $5,000 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Armed with these resources, Walsh and the students started working. “Something I didn’t really expect was the outpouring of students’ enthusiasm. Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the ‘dirty work’ really blew me away,” Walsh said.
Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade. “I’ll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it’s really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and do my bit. We’re creating this educational space for many young kids,” Cover said.
Walsh summed up his goal of the project, which is to build a place where students can enjoy and learn about nature. “The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it would deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation (重新造林) and trees when they look at the forest.”
24. What is special about tiny forests?
A. They originated in North America.
B. They are usually planted in schools.
C. They contain various types of trees.
D. They become mature in a shorter time.
25. What surprised Walsh in the process of planting the tiny forest?
A. The abundance of native tree species.
B. Public concern about the environment.
C. The active participation of students.
D. Support from local organizations.
26. How does Megan Cover feel about the project?
A. Proud. B. Hopeful.
C. Excited. D. Grateful.
27. What does Walsh want the forest to function as for the students?
A. A source of enjoyment. B. A reminder.
C. A source of inspiration. D. A witness.
C
Lila Gleitman was driving her two-year-old daughter in the car when, going across a sharp turn, she advised her daughter to “hold on tight”. The kid responded, “Isn’t that ‘tightly’?”
It was a turning point in her career. Realizing that her two-year-old already had an understanding of language made Gleitman want to get into her child’s head. She wondered: What does she know, and when does she know it?
Gleitman turned those questions into a research career that helped define psycholinguistics (心理语言学). Her early interest coincided with Noam Chomsky, a frequent visitor to the University of Pennsylvania when she studied there. The two scholars considered that the mental systems which might produce the sentences you hear, are shaped by abstract rules that speakers may not even know that they know.
An early piece of Gleitman’s research, for example, researched small children’s “telegraphic” speech, in which many words are left out: a kid might say “throw ball” rather than “throw me the ball”. This seems to imply that the child’s knowledge is primitive. But she found that children obey instructions better when their parents use adult-style English than when they copy their kids.
So parents do not need to use “motherese” — her husband Henry’s term — with their children. She found that their progressive mastery of language rules had little to do with how much (or little) motherese their caregivers used.
As the learning process goes on, children deploy some remarkable strategies. They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once. The physical environment is an obvious encouragement (as when they hear “dog” and see one at the same time). But how would a child guess the meaning of the verb in “I believed that he lost his keys”? Gleitman noticed that the sentence structure is identical to those with other verbs that mean similar things: saw, remembered, worried and doubted. More broadly, it turned out that verbs which are similar in meaning tend to turn up in similar sentence structures. This helps children learn quickly, a process she called “syntactic bootstrapping (语法自举)”.
28. What was the turning point in Gleitman’s career?
A. Her husband’s persuasion. B. One suggestion from her professor.
C. One sentence from her daughter. D. Her meeting with Noam Chomsky.
29. When do kids follow their parents’ instructions better?
A. When the parents use “motherese”.
B. When the parents use adult-style English.
C. When the parents copy their kids’ languages.
D. When the parents adopt remarkable strategies.
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30. What does the underlined word “deploy” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Use. B. Plan. C. Change. D. Abandon.
31. How does a kid know the meaning of a verb according to Gleitman?
A. By looking it up in a dictionary. B. By being told by his or her parents.
C. By learning it in his or her school. D. By guessing it from sentence structures.
D
It’s one of the ultimate tests of willpower: you’ve been wandering around the market for hours and you’re tired and hungry. Then you catch a smell of something fragrant (香的) and delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. Junk food companies are well aware that the smell of their product sets off a desire in your brain and that you’ll pay for that later. It is a response that has been researched, and you’d better believe your favorite fast-food chains have marketing teams that are using that research to their advantage.
Let’s take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever indulgent food (放纵型食品) catches your attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it? A couple of minutes later you are standing in line, and it isn’t quite as appealing as it was just moments ago, but now you’ve invested time, so you trust your first feeling to treat yourself.
But a recent statement says that this is actually the right moment to walk away. Dipayan Biswas, a marketing professor, found there is a direct connection between how long a person is exposed to indulgent food smells and choosing healthier foods. “The results of a series of experiments show that extended exposure of more than two minutes to junk food smells leads to fewer purchases of unhealthy foods compared with no smell or a non-junk-food-related smell,” reads the summary of his study.
What appears to be going on here is that the brain doesn’t necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell and a pleasant taste. “Extended exposure to an indulgent food smell brings pleasure in the mind, which in turn reduces the desire for actual consumption of indulgent foods,” he explains. So next time you feel you don’t have the willpower to resist cookies, smell all that sweetness for just a minute or two. To your brain it’s the same as actually eating cookies, and the purchase desire would decrease.
32. What can we learn about junk food smells from the first paragraph?
A. They hardly affect people’s food choices.
B. They can make a difference in marketing.
C. They are unlikely to fool wise customers.
D. They finally decrease people’s purchase desire.
33. What does the second paragraph basically serve as?
A. An example. B. An argument. C. A comparison. D. A comment.
34. Which statement will Biswas probably agree with?
A. The influence of food smells changes over time.
B. The senses of taste and smell are closely linked.
C. The behavior of smelling food doesn’t equal eating it.
D. The brain can’t tell where sensory pleasure is from.
35. Which of the following could the best title for the text?
A. Train Your Brain to Resist Junk Food
B. Watch Out for Tricky Marketing Tools
C. Food Addiction Is Never About Willpower
D. Smelling Junk Food Longer Can Keep You Off It
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people love a great thunderstorm; others are frightened by the first flash of lightning or sound of thunder. 36 But there are easy steps you can take to protect your home and your life from lightning.
Protect Electronics from Severe Weather
37 It can follow the wires or phone lines into your room — ruining computers, TVs and other electronics. One protection against electronics being “fried” by lightning is simply to unplug them whenever a rain or a storm is coming. Disconnect Internet and satellite connections no matter where they are.
Reduce the Risk of Fire
Lightning rods (避雷针) can protect a building from catching fire. 38 They just provide a path for the electricity to reach the ground more safely. The rods at the top of the building are only the first part of a good system. When lightning strikes, the electricity needs to move to the ground. Wires conduct electricity from the lightning rods to metal rods buried in the ground. 39
Understand Lightning
When lightning hits the ground, a tree, a tower or even a building, it may also spreads along the ground, so being near something that’s struck by lightning is almost as dangerous as being hit directly by lightning. 40 The Empire State Building gets struck by lightning around 20 times every year. Its lightning rod protects the structure, as well as the people inside.
A. It can even strike the same spot more than once.
B. You might want to consider protecting an entire building.
C. When this happens, anything in its path cou
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