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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,第1页,Contents,Active Reading 2,第2页,Warming Up,Do you have a hobby?,Parkour(sometimes abbreviated to PK)is a utilitarian discipline based upon the direct,successful,swift traversing of ones surrounding environment via the practical application of techniques,based around the concept of self-preservation.,第3页,It is a non-competitive,physical discipline of French origin in which participants run along a route,attempting to negotiate obstacles in the most efficient way possible,using only their bodies.Skills such as jumping,climbing,vaulting,rolling,swinging and wall scaling are employed.Parkour can be practiced anywhere,but areas dense with obstacles are preferable and it is most commonly practiced in urban areas.,Now,watch the video clip and have some further knowledge about parkour.Maybe,someday,it will become your hobby.Who knows?,Warming Up,第4页,Now have a discussion with your partners about the following suggested hobbies.Are you interested in any of them?Or do you prefer anything else?State your reasons.,Warming Up,Gardening,Explore photography,Maintain a saltwater aquarium,Painting,第5页,Warming Up,Writing,Playing piano,Puzzles,Knitting,Cross-stitch,Sports,Collecting coins,第6页,Now do you want to start a new hobby?,Warming Up,第7页,Text,Painting as a pastime,About the author,Outline of the text,Go to the text,第8页,Text,Winston Churchill,温斯顿,丘吉尔,（,英国保守党政治家，著作家，首相）,Winston Churchill(18741965)was a British politician known chiefly for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War.He served as Prime Minister from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.Churchill was also a keen bricklayer,painter and writer.Churchill was also a keen bricklayer,painter and writer.He was the only British Prime Minister to have ever won the Nobel Prize for Literature(in1953).During 19561958 he completed,A History of the English Speaking Peoples,.,第9页,Text,The roaring lion,第10页,Text,Churchills paintings,第11页,Outline of the text,Text,Painting as a Pastime,The benefits of hobbies,The process of developing a hobby,Choosing appropriate hobbies,The problem of boredom,Contrasting views of work and pleasure,第12页,Painting as a pastime,1,A,gifted,American,psychologist has,said,“Worry is a spasm of the emotion;the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go,.”,It is useless to argue with the mind in this condition,.,The stronger the will,the more futile the task,.,One,can only gently insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp,.,And if this something else is rightly chosen,if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest,gradually,and often quite swiftly,the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.,Text,第13页,2,The,cultivation,of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man.,But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will,.The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process.,The seeds must be carefully chosen;they must fall on good ground;they must be sedulously tended,if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed,.,Text,第14页,3,To be really happy and really safe,one ought to have at least two or three hobbies,and they must all be real.,It is no use starting,late in life to say:“I will,take an interest in,this or that.”,Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort,.A man may acquire great knowledge of topics,unconnected,with his daily work,and yet hardly get any benefit o,r relief.,It is no use doing what you like;you have got to like what you do.,Broadly speaking,human beings may be divided into three classes:those who are,toiled,to death,those who are worried to death,and those who are,bored,to death.,Text,第15页,It is no use offering the manual labo,u,rer,tired out with a hard weeks sweat and effort,the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon.It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or businessman,who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days,to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.,Text,第16页,4,As for,the unfortunate people who can command everything they want,who can gratify every caprice,and,lay their hands on,almost every object of desire for them a new pleasure,a new,excitement,is only an,additional,satiation,.,In vain,they rush,frantically,round from place to place,trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion,.For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.,Text,第17页,5,It may be said that,rational,industrious,useful human beings are divided into two classes:first,those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure;and secondly,those whose work and pleasure are one.Of these the former are the majority.They have their,compensations,.The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward,not only the means of sustenance,but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms.,Text,第18页,But Fortunes favoured children belong to the second class,.Their life is a natural harmony.For them the working hours are never long enough.,Each day is a holiday,and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation,.Yet to both classes the need of an alternative,outlook,of a change of atmosphere,of a,diversion,of effort,is essential.,Indeed,it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds,.,Text,第19页,Text,绘画消遣（节选）,1,一位天才美国心理学家说过：“烦恼是感情发作；此时大脑缠住了某种东西不愿放手。”在这种情况下，和头脑争论（让它放手）是无用。愿望越强烈，与之争论就越是徒劳。,你只能温和地将另一个东西慢慢灌输到痉挛状态头脑中。假如（这一东西）选得恰当，而且它真从另一领域情趣中受到启迪话，那么逐步地，往往也是快速地，原先不适当,“,不愿放手,”,就会慢慢放松，恢复和补救过程就会开始。,第20页,Text,2,所以，对于公众人物而言，培养业余兴趣和新兴趣才是上策。但这并非一日之功，也不是单凭意志力就能做到事情。精神情趣培养是一个长久过程。要想在需要时候可随手摘取充满生机果实，种子就必须精挑细选，必须播种在肥沃土壤里，还必须辛勤地护理。,第21页,Text,3,要想真正高兴，真正安全，一个人最少应有两三种业余兴趣，而且必须是实际可行。到了晚年才开始说：,“,我会培养对这或对那兴趣,”,，这是没有用。这种愿望只能加剧精神担心。一个人可能会取得大量与其日常工作无关知识，却不能从中得到任何益处或宽慰。做你喜欢做事是没有用，你要喜欢你做事。泛而言之，人能够分为三类：极其劳累人，极其操心人，极其无聊人。,第22页,Text,对于卖了一周力气、流了一周汗水体力劳动者来说，让他们在星期六下午踢足球或打棒球是不适当。一样，对于工作了六天、一直为公务操心政界人士、专业人员或商人来说，在周未再让他们为鸡毛蒜皮琐事而操心劳累也是无益。,第23页,Text,4,那些能够支配一切、能够肆意妄为、能够染指一切追求目标人是,“,不幸,”,。对于他们而言，多一个新乐趣、多一个新刺激只是增加一分厌腻而已。,他们处处乱跑，企图靠喧闹和骚动来摆脱无聊对他们报复，但这么做是徒劳。对他们来说，某种形式纪律约束是最有希望让他们走出困境、走上正道。,第24页,Text,5,能够这么说，理智，勤劳、有用人能够分为两类：第一类人认为工作是工作，娱乐是娱乐；第二类人认为工作和娱乐是一回事。这两类人当中，第一类人占大多数。他们是能够得到赔偿。在办公室或工厂里长时间工作给他们带来了酬劳，这不但是谋生伎俩，也使他们对寻找高兴充满了渴望，哪怕是最简单、最质朴高兴。,第25页,Text,不过，幸运之神偏爱是第二类人。他们生活是一个自然友好。对他们来说，工作时间永远都不够长，每一天都是假日，而当普通节日来到时，他们会感到厌恶，因为这强行打断了他们埋头从事工作。然而对这两种人来说，换换脑子，改变一下气氛，转移一下注意力都是不可缺乏。其实，把工作看成乐趣人，很可能是最需要每隔一段时间就把工作放下，让头脑放松人。,第26页,pastime,gifted,spasm,futile,insinuate,grip,recuperation,cultivation,improvise,sedulously,manual,trifling,gratify,caprice,excitement,convulsive,rightly,illumination,swiftly,undue,vivify,aggravate,unconnected,toil,bore,additional,satiation,frantically,avenging,boredom,Words&Phrases,第27页,clatter,motion,rational,industrious,compensation,outlook,diversion,banish,sustenance,grudge,enforced,interruption,vocation,Words&Phrases,第28页,catch hold of,let sth.go,at hand,its no use(in)doing sth.,take an interest in,in vain,at intervals,broadly speaking,to death,tire out,as for,lay ones hands on,Words&Phrases,第29页,pastime,n.,C,sth.that you do regularly for fun in your free time,消遣；娱乐,e.g.,1.,Reading was his favourite pastime.,阅读是他最爱消遣方式,。,2.Eating out is the national pastime in France.,下馆子吃饭是全法国人消遣方式。,Words&Phrases,第30页,gifted,a.,with an impressive natural ability,有天赋,e.g.,1.She was an extremely gifted poet.,她是一位很有天赋诗人。,2.Don,t sell her short:Shes very gifted in some areas.,别小看她，她有些方面很有天赋。,3.Gifted with a superb voice,she became the,Opera,s leading soprano.,她天生一副好嗓子，成了歌剧团领衔女高音。,Synonym:,talented,Words&Phrases,第31页,spasm,n.,1.,C,a sudden strong feeling,usually an unpleasant one,（尤指不愉快情感）一阵发作,e.g.,1.A spasm of,fear,brought his thoughts back to the present,.,一阵恐惧感觉将他思绪带回到了现在。,2.here came a spasm of laughter from the room.,房间里传来一阵笑声。,2.,C,U,a sudden movement in which one of,your,muscles becomes tight and painful,痉挛；抽筋,e.g.,Maggie felt a muscle spasm in her back.,玛吉以为背部肌肉一阵抽搐。,Words&Phrases,第32页,Words&Phrases,futile,a.,unsuccessful,or useless,无益；无效；无用；徒劳,e.g.,1.,My efforts to go back to sleep proved futile.,我努力想再次入睡，不过却纯属徒劳。,2.,It was futile to continue the negotiations.,继续谈判下去也是枉然。,Synonym:,pointless,Word family:,futility,n.,第33页,Words&Phrases,insinuate,vt.,1.,to get into a situation or position by behaving in a way that is not sincere,使潜入；使得到接纳,e.g.,1.He tried to insinuate doubts into the bosss mind,.,他设法使老板慢慢产生疑虑。,2.He insinuated himself into Mehmets confidence,.,他设法取得了穆罕默德信任。,3.Somehow he alwaysmanagestoinsinuatehimselfinto ourplans.,不知用什么伎俩他总是能把他自己纳入到我们计划中。,第34页,2.,to say sth.unpleasant in an indirect way,暗示，暗指（令人不快内容，尤指某人不老实）,e.g.,1.,It seems to me you insinuate things about her.,我以为你讲起她来，总有些弦外之音。,2.,Are you insinuating that I am a liar?,你绕来绕去是否暗指我撒谎,?,Synonym:,imply,Word family:,insinuation,n.,Words&Phrases,第35页,convulsive,a.,1.,convulsive movements are violent and difficult to control,惊厥；抽搐；猛烈,e.g.,1.She burst into aconvulsivesobs.,她突然抽咽起来。,2.The man let out a convulsive burst of laughter.,那人发出爆笑。,2.,(,mainly journalism,)causing major problems or serious harm,震动,e.g.,T,he assassination of Martin Luther King was one of the most convulsive events of the 1960s.,马丁,路德,金遇刺是,20,世纪,60,年代最令人震惊事件之一,。,Word family:,convulsion,n.,Words&Phrases,第36页,Words&Phrases,rightly,ad.,1.,correctly or accurately,正确地；准确地,e.g.,As you so rightly pointed out,things are getting worse.,你说得很对，情况越来越不妙了。,2.,for a good reason,合理地；有充分理由地,e.g.,They have been treated badly,and they are rightly upset.,他们受到了不公正对待，生气是有道理。,rightly or wrongly:,且不问对还是错，不论对不对,e.g.,The prime minister was widely judged,rightly or wrongly,to be an honest man.,不论对不对，大多数人都认为首相是个老实人。,第37页,illumination,n.,1.,C,U,an explanation that makes sth.easier to understand,阐述；解释；启发,e.g.,I found great illumination in his,words,.,我从他话中得到很大启发。,2.,U,light that is provided by sth.in a place,照明，光亮,e.g.,White candles,the only illumination,burned on the table.,白蜡烛作为唯一照明在桌子上燃烧着。,Word family:,illuminate,v.,Words&Phrases,第38页,swiftly,ad.,in a way that happens quickly or immediately,快速地；飞快地；立刻地,e.g.,Alex,moved swiftly and silently across the lawn.,艾利克斯快速而悄悄地穿过草地。,Word family:,swift,a.,e.g.,1.,She shot a swift glance at Paul.,她快速地瞥了保罗一眼。,2.It was a remarkably swift recovery.,真是奇迹般快速康复。,Words&Phrases,第39页,undue,a.,(,fml,)not necessary or reasonable,无须要；不合理；过分,1.It would be wise not to give undue importance to his criticisms.,最好不要过分看重他批评。,2.Dont treat the matter with undue haste.,不要过急地处理此事。,Antonym:,due,Words&Phrases,第40页,grip,1.,n.,(,sing,)a firm strong hold,抓牢；紧握；紧抓,e.g.,1.,Hold the microphone in a firm grip and keep it still.,紧紧握住麦克风，不要让它动。,2.The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldnt loosen her grip on my arm.,(CET4-01-48),小女孩害怕极了，不愿放开我胳膊。,2.,v.,to,holdsth.tightly,抓牢；紧握；紧抓,e.g.,I gripped the rail and tried not to look down.,我紧紧抓住栏杆，尽可能不往下看。,Words&Phrases,第41页,recuperation,n.,U,the process of getting better after being ill or injured,恢复（健康）；复原,e.g,.The human body has amazing powers of recuperation.,人体含有惊人复原力。,Word family:,recuperate,v.,Synonym:,recovery,n.,e.g.,1.Coles is recuperating from a sprained ankle.,科尔斯扭伤了脚踝，正在康复。,2.Winston proposed several ways for the industry to recuperate.,温斯顿提出了复兴这个行业几个方法。,Synonym:,recover,v.,Words&Phrases,第42页,Words&Phrases,cultivation,n.,U,1.,the process of developing sth.such as a relationship,attitude,or skill,（,人际关系等）培植；（态度或技能等）培养,e.g.,His outstanding performance makes him worthy of your cultivation.,他表现这么好，不枉你对他培养。,2.,the process of growing crops or plants,种植；栽培,e.g.,Slash and burn cultivation,was,still customs retained in a few localities.,在少数地方，还保持着,“,刀耕火种,”,原始耕作方式。,第43页,3.,the use of land for growing crops or plants,栽培，种植,e.g.,These fields have been under cultivation for years.,这些土地已耕作很多年了。,Word family:,cultivate,v.,cultivate new friends,cultivate the minds of students,cultivate the ability to solve problems independently,cultivate pearl,cultivate the habit of laughter,Words&Phrases,结交新朋友,陶冶学生心灵,培养独立处理问题能力,养殖珍珠,养成笑习惯,第44页,improvise,v.,1.,to do sth.without preparing it first,often because the situation does not allow you to prepare,（常因情形不允许事先准备而）暂时做，即席做,e.g.,He has,the ability to improvise operatic arias in any given style.,他有即席创作任一格调,歌,剧咏叹调能力,。,2.,to make sth.by using whatever you can find because you do not have the equipment or materials that you need,暂时凑合,e.g.,We left the tent poles behind,so we had to improvise.,我们忘了带帐篷支架，所以只好暂时找别东西凑合。,Words&Phrases,第45页,sedulously,ad.,(,very fml,),diligently,勤勉地；孜孜不倦地,e.g,.He has been working sedulously to get the project done on time.,他勤勤恳恳地工作，这个项目得以按时完成。,Word family:,sedulous,a.,e.g.,1.His work is characterized by precision and a sedulous attention to detail.,他工作特点是力争准确和一丝不苟。,2.He watched his patients with the most sedulous care.,他无微不至地照料病人。,Words&Phrases,第46页,vivify,vt.,to give new life or energy to,使含有生气,e.g.,1.A smile may vivify a face.,微笑使脸变得有活力。,2.R,ain vivif,ies,the,desert,.,雨水给沙漠带来生气。,Word family:,vivid,a.,Words&Phrases,第47页,aggravate,vt.,1.,to,make s,th.,bad become worse,especially a situation or a medical condition,使（尤指局势或病情）恶化；加剧,e.g.,Their money problems were further aggravated by a rise in interest rates.,因为利率上调，他们财务问题愈加糟糕。,2.,(,mainly spoken,)to annoy sb.,惹怒，激怒,e.g.,What really aggravates me is the way she wont listen to me.,让我大为生气是她不听我。,Word family:,aggravation,n.,Words&Phrases,第48页,unconnected,a.,1.,(,with,/,to,)not related to each other,无关联,e.g.,Wolfs work is completely unconnected to the current study.,沃尔夫所做工作和当前研究毫不相关。,2.,not joined to a system,for example in order to provide or receive electricity or communication,（电路、通讯等）未接通,e.g.,Be sure to insulate any loose unconnected wires with electrical tape for safety.,为了安全，务必用电工胶带绝缘任何未连接电线。,Words&Phrases,第49页,toil,1.,vi.,(,literary,),to work very hard doing sth.difficult and tiring,especially physical work,（尤指体力活）辛劳地劳作，苦干,e.g.,Ive been toiling away at this essay all weekend.,我整个周末都在埋头写这篇论文。,2.,vi.,to,move slowly using a,lot of effort,艰难地行走,e.g.,The bus toiled up the steep hill.,公共汽车艰难地爬上陡峭山岗。,3.,n.,difficult and tiring work,especially physical wor,辛,苦或长时间工作,e.g.,The joy overpays the toil.,所得高兴超出付出辛劳。,Words&Phrases,第50页,bore,vt.,to make sb.feel impatient or dissatisfied,especially by talking to them about things that are not very interesting,（尤指谈论不太有趣事情而）使厌烦,e.g.,1.Reciting textsboresme to death.,背课文烦死我了。,2.Im sorry,but what he is talking reallyboresme.,对不起，他说话真使我厌烦。,3.,Youmightbeboredtodeathfromstaying with him for a whole week.,和他在一起待上整整一星期，你可能会以为无聊得要死。,Word family:,boring,a.,bored,a.,boredom,n.,See also:,boredom,Words&Phrases,第51页,manual,1.,a.,involving the use of your h
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