完形填空、怎样做好完形填空.doc

怎 样 做 好 完 形 填 空
训练学生运用恰当的答题技巧。具体来说应注意以下几点：细读首句，预测主题；跳读全文，领会大意；通读全文，试选答案；细读全文，推敲难题；复读全文，复核答案。八过程：
1.先通读一遍全文，对全文内容、作者观点、态度、文体等各方面有个宏观了解。虽然开始不可能完全了解短文内容，但起码要做到“八、九不离十”。弄清大意，抓住了主题，便为正确选词打下了可靠的基础。
2.然后读一遍选项，知道均有哪些备选项。
3.再读全文，并且可以边读边用铅笔试将所选的选项的内容填在空白处。这是一个关键性的分析判断阶段。同学们要瞻前顾后，字斟句酌。不能只看空格前后两个词，而是应该看完整的句子。这时，应调动你学过的全部语言知识，明确题目是要考查你哪方面知识的掌握。
4.再串读，看铅笔填上后，文章意思是否通顺，语法语义是否准确，是否可恢复原貌。
5.切不可不读全文，见一空填一词。
6.同学们要学会利用上下文中的各种语言线索和已有的语言知识来选词。
7.如果遇到一时难以确定的答案可先不填，先去做后面的，或有把握的，待填完其他空白后，再回过头来做前面，有时候，前后空白往往形成互相提示和补充。同时，同学们还可利用排除法，首先排除不合题意的选项，然后反复比较剩下的选项，这样就可以略为简单一些。
8.最后还要利用自己各方面的知识和语言知识、历史知识、生活常识等，细微分析比较，理解中心，全面验证。
七要点：
一：利用上下文判断，根据上下文解题是完形填空题的基本技巧，这类题目在中考中占的比例较大。有时解题的关键信息就在本段或本句，有时离设空处很远，需要认真分析。
二：掌握重点词语辨析
常见的近义词辨析： use,tell,say,talk,speak:win,lose,beat,hear,listen,see,watch,look,notice,fall,feel,leave,forget, borrow,lend take, spend, cost, pay等。
三： 分清指代关系 ；指代在完型中占有一定的比例，人称代词比较简单，只要分清文中的人物关系，以及在句中所做的成分，就容易判断了。 但不定代词有一定的难度，要分清either ,neither ,all , both , none, something, everything, nothing ,anything 等。
四：正握重点动词短语
常考动词短语包括 look(out,for,after,like,up),give(away捐献 分发奖品或放弃机会或出卖,up,in屈服,out放出气味热等,off光线蒸汽),put(on,off,away,up),take(after,care of,off,up),turn(off,on,up,down,into),get(on,off,away逃脱 离开等。
五：根据习惯搭配，完型种总会涉及到一些词语搭配，如：make ( a noise ,a promise, a decision , a choice , a fire , a wish , a living), take ( a rest , a break , the medicine , the advice , a chance , a shower ,a look ),do (one`s homework ,morning exercises , the shopping) 等。
六：利用语法知识，虽然单凭语法完成的完型题目越来越少，但还是有一定的比例。牢固的语法知识有助于我们准确理清句子结构，把握语意。完型种常涉及到的语法有：不定式和V-ing的用法，动词时态，比较级等。
七：根据逻辑关系判断，几乎每篇完型都会考到一道连词，判断依据就是上下文的逻辑关系。转折用but , or, although , though , even if 等， 并列用and , 选择用or，条件用if,因果关系用because , so 等。
中 考 完 形 真 题 演 练

　　1：中考完形填空真题 (海南)

　　In the park I sat down to read on the bench, disappointed by life with good reason to complain, for the world was 1 letting me down.
　　Then a young boy came up to me and said with great excitement, "Look, what I found! "In his hand was a flower and he placed it to his nose. He said with overacted surprise, "It sure 2 pretty and it's for you. "
　　The flower before me was dead. But I knew I must 3 it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower and replied," Just what I need." But 4 placing the flower in my hand, he held it quietly without reason. It was then that I noticed for the very first time, that the boy was blind.
　　I heard my voice trembling (颤抖) , tears 5 in the sun, as I thanked him for picking the "best" one. I sat there and wondered how he managed to see a self- pitying woman.
　　Through the eyes of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the 6;the problem was me. And for all of those times I myself had been 7 , I made up my mind to see the 8 in life.
　　1. A. once B. hardly C. always D. seldom
　　2. A. feels B. smells C. keeps D. seems
　　3. A. get B. try C. give D. take
　　4. A. as for B. instead of C. except for D. because of
　　5. A. shining B. falling C. running D. drying
　　6. A. world B. flower C. boy D. life
　　7. A. annoyed B. silly C. proud D. blind
　　8. A. future B. problem C. beauty D. reason

　　2：中考完形填空真题 （陕西）

　　Tom is the son of a farm owner. One new year's day, when he was 15, his father 1 him work on the farm for one year when he was free. Tom was 2 with his father's idea "that isn't my job. I have 3 school work to do." hearing this, his father said, "l promise (许诺) to give you the best present if you 4 finish one year's work."Tom thought for a while and 5 ."
　　Starting one Saturday, the boy got up early and worked 6 until evening, just like any other farmer. Time passed quickly. Tom's crops (庄稼) grew well. 7 the last day of the year, the father called his son to him. "I' m happy to see that you have worked very hard the whole year." said the father."Now, tell me 8 you want"
　　The boy smiled and showed his father a big piece of bread made from his wheat(小麦). "I've already got the 9 present. No pains no gains. I think this is what you wanted 10 to know."
　　1. A. asked B. let C. made D. stopped
　　2. A. happy B. unhappy C. excited D. worried
　　3. A. much too B. so little C. too much D. a lot
　　4. A. shall B. must C. need D. can
　　5. A. said B. answered C. agreed D. began
　　6. A. hard B. hardly C. slowly D. difficultly
　　7. A. at B. on C. in D. by
　　8. A. where B. which C. how D. what
　　9. A least B. worst C. best D. fewest
　　10. A. mine B. I C. my D. me

　　3：中考完形填空真题（苏州）
　　Who says honesty is dead? Last Tuesday morning Allan Reed, a student at Claremont College here, was getting 1 money out of the bank. He wanted to have 50 dollars and the teller(银行出纳员) 2 him five twenties instead of five tens. For a few seconds, as Allan tells it, he wondered 3 to do. Should he give the extra money back? Keep it? 4 he kept it, he could buy several new clothes, or he could take his friend Simon to a big dinner. 5 no one would ever notice(注意). But then he 6 the teller. She was a middle-aged woman with a sweet face, and she reminded him of his mother. She had been nice to him. Then he thought that there were probably exact(精确的) 7kept of how much money was paid out, and the 8 would probably get in trouble. 9 of all, Allan felt he would probably feel 10 about keeping the extra money. Allan gave back the money.
　　1.A. less B. some C. any D. several
　　2.A. added B. took C. asked D. gave
　　3.A. what B. how C. where D. when
　　4.A. So B. If C. As D. Since
　　5.A. quickly B. shortly C. probably D. safely
　　6.A. saw B. listened to C. heard D. looked at
　　7.A. records B. dates C. photos D. places
　　8.A. mother B. student C. lady D. man
　　9.A. each B. worst C. part D. best
　　10. A. excited B. satisfied C. happy D. guilty

　　答案：1~5BDABC6~10 DACBD
4： 中考完形填空真题 （山东）
One day a poor farmer was taking a bag of wheat to town. Suddenly the bag _1_ from his horse onto the road.He did not know _2_ to do about it because it was _3_ heavy for him to lift by himself. He only hoped that someone would soon pass by and _4_ him a hand.
Just at this moment a man _5_ a horse came up to him. But the farmer's heart sank when he saw who he was. It was the great man living _6_. The farmer had hoped to ask another farmer or a poor man _7_ him to come along and help him. He couldn't ask such a great man to help him. But to his _8_ ,the great man got off his horse as soon as he came nearer. He said to the farmer, "I see you _9_ help, friend. How good it is that I'm here just at the right time. "Then he took one end of the bag, the farmer the other, they together raised it and put it on the horse.
"Sir," asked the farmer, "how can I pay you?"
"It's quite easy," the great man replied with _10_.
Wherever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him.
1、 A.fall B.fell C .falling D.fallen
2、 A.what B.how C.that D.it
3、 A.very B.so C.quite D.too
4、 A.lend B.ask C.borrow D.gave
5、 A.riding B.ride C.rode D.rides
6、 A.nearby B.faraway C.nearly D.near
7、 A.as B.like C.to D.for
8、 A.surprised B.surprising C.surprise D.surprises
9、 A.needs B.need 　 C.to need 　 D.needed
10、 A.smiles B.smile C.a smile D.an smile
5：中考完形填空真题 （河北）
Mr Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town.People sometimes 1 him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 there.
One day Mr Brown went to London by train. He 3 to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr Brown 5 up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 by the man. He said angrily, "That's 7 !” Mr Brown's face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.
When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 of them, he said, "You've mended them very well."
In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, "You've had a 10 day," he said.
1、 A.showed B.passed C.returned D.brought
2、 A.kept B.mended C.used D.sold
3、 A.wanted B.had C.forgot D.decided
4、 A.beside B.over C.under D.from
5、 A.picked B.looked C.put D.dressed
6、 A.needed B.helped C.stopped D.remembered
7、 A.yours B.mine C.his D.hers
8、 A.one B.each C.both D.any
9、 A.same B.other C .forgetful D.kind
10、 A.hot B.rainy C.good D.bad