英文讲话稿PPT课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英文讲话稿,How to Make a Public Speech,1.,Introduction,A.适用场合,宴会、晚会、欢迎会、欢送会、（会议、活动等的）开幕式、开业典礼、揭牌仪式、纪念仪式。,B.名称,祝酒（贺）词、开幕词、欢迎词、欢送词等,C.注意对象、自我身份，抽象、概括,D.基本原则：,热情有礼、不卑不亢；实事求是、一分为二；简明扼要、语言精练。,一篇好的演讲稿，通常要有很精彩的演讲词，以及很好的文体特征和篇章结构，同时还得考虑所演讲的对象。如何拟定演讲稿（How to Make a Speech Draft）真正写好一篇演讲稿，拟稿人首先得了解演讲词的文体特征以及演讲词的篇章结构，此外，还得考虑所演讲的对象。这就是所谓“知己知彼，百战百胜”。,致辞文体结构（Structure of a Speech）一篇完整的致辞，一般由引言、正文和结论三大部分组成。引言（Introduction）在致辞引言中，演讲者应着重指明演讲主题的重要性以及重要意义以引起听众的注意及共鸣。正文（Body）正文部分是致辞的核心内容，因此应该突出主题，做到观点明确，层次清晰，以达到致辞的真正目的。结论（Conclusion）结论部分是对致辞的主体内容做出结论性的总结，并且应对相关问题提出希望。因此，写作时宜使用一些具有激励性、鼓舞性的语言。按照致辞的场合以及用途，常见的致辞种类可分为：欢迎词、答谢词、欢送词、告别词、开幕词、闭幕词、贺词、祝酒词、悼词等。,具体注意事项,1根据听众对象，注意演讲的总体措词,演讲的总体措词是严肃一些还是活泼一些，是有较明显的说教口气还是用平等的口吻，等等，都要根据听众对象而定。如果场下听众是同龄的学生，那么演讲的内容只要风趣一些往往就能引起共鸣。但另一方面，如果听众大多是上了年纪的教师，太多的笑料反而会被认为“不严肃”，“不尊重”，而引起反感。,用英语演讲，不要用太多 I feel,I think，老是用I，显得十分主观，狭隘。如果通篇全是 I feel,I think 的内容，会给人觉得缺乏说服力。另外，perhaps,maybe 这样的词语，虽然有“客气，谦虚”的成分，但太多会让人觉得你演讲的内容有不可靠之处。,还有，在演讲中，要少用you，多用we。用you等于把自己与听众对立起来，而用we则拉近了与听众的距离。比如：You should not smoke听上去像教训人，而 Lets not smoke听起来是一个不错的建议。,2演讲要越短越好,英语演讲应该简洁扼要，直截了当。除非特别需要，一般不要采用中文中的那种迂回曲折的表达形式。据有关专家统计，一般人的注意力一次只能集中约13分钟。所以，演讲长度以1015分钟为宜。下面是美国总统林肯所作的著名演说，虽然全文只有短短200多个词，却带有振奋人心、扭转乾坤般的力量。其中 of the people,by the people,for the people(民有，民治，民享)已成为不朽佳句。,Gettysburg Address,Four score and seven years ago,our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation,conceived in liberty,and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war,testing whether that nation,or any nation so conceived and so dedicated,can long endure.,We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of the field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that the nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But in a larger sense we cannot dedicate,we cannot consecrate,we cannot hallow this ground.,The brave men,living and dead,who struggled here,have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note,nor long remember,what we say here,but it can never forget what they did here.,It is for us,the living,rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full,measure of devotion,-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain,-that this nation,under God,shall have a new birth of freedom,-and that government of the people,by the people,for the people,shall not perish from the earth.,3英语演讲稿的基本组成部分,从大的方面看，英语演讲词实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文，其基本组成部分是：,1)开始时对听众的称呼语,最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用 Fellow students,Distinguished guests,Mr Chairman,Honorable Judges(评委)等等。,2)提出论题,由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动，最能引起注意的是用举例法。比如：你要呼吁大家关心贫穷地区的孩子，你可以用亲眼看到的或者收集到的那些贫穷孩子多么需要帮助的实例开始。另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，你可以从举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。,3)论证,对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等。,4)结论,结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。,5)结尾,结尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似“准备不足，请谅解”，“请批评指正”这样的废话。最普通的结尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention。,4英语演讲稿的语言特征,1)多用实词，多用短句，少用结构复杂的长句,在英语演讲中，and,but,so,then 等虚词要尽量少用，that,which 等词引导的定语从句也只会使句子结构变得复杂，而使听众难以跟上演讲者的思路，从而影响演讲的效果。相反，多使用实词，短句，可使得演讲内容更清晰，气势更磅礴。,2)演讲要注意使用各种修辞手法，增加演讲的感染力和气势。英语演讲中常用的修辞手法有：,渐进(climax),对照(antithesis),排比(parallelism),警句(epigram),例如：,That government of the people,by the people,for the people shall not perish from the earth(排比),这个民有、民治、民享的国家将不会从地球上消失。,United,there is little we can not do;divided,there is little we can do(对照),团结，我们便将无所不能；分裂，我们则会一事无成。,Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty(对照和渐进),Chairmans Opening Remarks at a Meeting,Ladies and Gentlemen,I want to welcome you all here for the fourth annual meeting of our Asian sales staff.I know you are all busy,so I appreciate your making time in your schedules to attend today.,There are 16 participants here today.First,Mr Carl Allen,our sales manager,will make a few remarks.He will speak about the sales projections for the coming year and problems that some of us have had in the past year.After Mr Allens remarks,the meeting will be opened for comments and discussion from the rest of you.,2.Examples for public speech,We hope that you will all earnestly take part in this meeting.You are all skilled and successful salespersons as shown by your records in the field.This company is growing by leaps and bounds(迅速地),and the way to keep growing,and to stay ahead of the competition is to openly and freely exchange our opinions and our successful techniques,and to speak about our failures.After the meeting,we will all adjourn(移席)to the Rose Room of this hotel for a buffet dinner(自助餐).Now,shall we begin?,Speech for a Newly Arrived American Teacher,Ladies and Gentlemen,It is my special pleasure to welcome our new staff member,Mr.Tony White,who has come here from America.,Mr.White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago where he majored in English Literature and minored in Teaching English as Second Language.He is 22 years old and unmarried.,Mr.White will be working mostly in our day-time classes,and he also graciously consented(同意)to take some of our evening classes.He will be with us here for at least two years.,One of the goals of our school,in addition to teaching English,is to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries.By having dedicated people like Mr White,who are willing to sacrifice the comfort of their friends in their own country to come to a strange and unknown country,we feel we are very lucky and that our goals will be all the more easily realized.,Mr.White,the other faculty members and the rest of the staff of the school join with me in extending to you our sincerest welcome.We are indeed happy to have you here,and we wish you all the best during the time that you are with us.Thank you.,Death is nothing at all I have only slipped away into the next room I am I and you are you whatever we were to each other we are still.Call me by my old family name,speak to me in the way which you always used.Put no difference into your tone;wear no forced air of solemnity or sorrow.Laugh as we always laughed at the little jokes we enjoyed together.Play,smile,think of me,pray for me.Let it be spoken without effect,without the ghost of a shadow on it.Life means all that it ever meant.It is the same as it ever was;there is absolute unbroken continuity.What is this death but a negligible accident?Why should I be out of mind because I am out of sight?I am but waiting for you,for an interval,somewhere very near just around the corner All is well.,Henry Scoot Holland,(Canon of St.Pauls),千古艰难唯一死 我只不过悄悄地离开了这个喧嚣的尘世 我仍是我，你仍是你 我们彼此还和从前一样，仍然叫我原来的姓氏，像以往一样和我谈话。不要改变你的语气；不要勉强显出严肃和悲哀的神情，我们仍然像以往一样欣赏一个小小的笑话而共同欢笑，跟我玩乐，对我微笑，为我思念，为我祈祷。不要因为它而对我们有任何影响，也不要给它蒙上鬼魂的阴影，生命意味着它过去所蕴涵的一切，生命将仍如以往毫不间断地延续下去。死亡算得了什么？难道不是一次微不足道的偶然事故吗？难道因为别久而情疏吗？我仍然等待着你，在那个拐角处很近的某个地方等待一段时间 一切安好！忽念。,Congratulation on Birthday,Today is truly a memorable occasion,for it is David Jacksons 20,th,birthday.On behalf of everyone presents here today to celebrate the occasion,I wish to congratulate him most heartily,and wish him many happy returns of this day.I hope,as you all do,that David will be able to see that day when candles on his birthday cake will prove more expensive than the cake itself.,And now,lets clear our throats and sing that popular refrain(重复句),“Happy birthday,dear David”to start off our wonderful celebration.,今天是一个非常值得纪念的日子，因为它是David Jackson的二十岁生日。我现在代表所有参加聚会的人向David致以衷心的祝贺，祝他生日快乐，年年有今日。我和大家一样，希望将来有一天，生日蛋糕上的蜡烛比生日蛋糕本身更值钱。,现在，让我们清清喉咙，高唱人人皆会的生日歌，作为今晚各项精彩祝贺活动的开始吧。“生日快乐，David”,欢迎场合活用佳句,Welcome to Jingzhou.,We are delighted to see you again.,Weve been counting the days to see you.,I hope youll stay as long as possible.,I hope youll have a very enjoyable stay.,Its my pleasure to welcome you all here today.,I take great pleasure in bidding you all a hearty welcome to our company.,祝贺场合活用佳句,Congratulations!,Let me congratulate you on your success.,I wish to congratulate Mr Allen who is present here today on the memorable occasion of .,3.致辞场合活用佳句,We are,all thrilled that you won in such a famous contest.,We are here today to pay our respect to Miss Wang,winner of the,Ladies and gentlemen,I wish to propose a toast to Mr Li.,婚礼活用佳句,Today is indeed a joyous occasion for all of us present here.,We are here to witness the union of two lives in marriage.,I now give the toast to the bride and gloom.,Im sure everyone here joins me in wishing you two,Mr Li and Miss Lin,the very best that life has to offer in your marriage.,Allow me to conclude my brief speech by wishing the bride and bridegroom all the happiness and the best of luck for the future.,节日活用佳句,Merry Christmas.,Happy New Year.,Merry Christmas to you all.,Happy Thanksgiving.,Its a great honor for me to speak to you all here tonight at this New Year Party.,We all thank you for your kind invitation tonight.,Lets us all now drink to a toast to the future success of the company.,会议活用佳句,I want to welcome you all here for the 10,th,annual meeting of.,After Mr Wangs speech,the meeting will be opened for comments and discussion from the rest of you.,After the meeting,we will all adjourn to the Rose Room of this hotel for a buffet dinner.,I will happily admit that I am very nervous.,Thank you for your kind attention.,Id like to give a few of my reasons.,Im very sorry to say that I oppose Mr Lius opinions completely.,Thank you for this chance to address at this committee meeting planning the next years courses for our school.,演讲会活用佳句,He is too well known to require my introduction.,Its my pleasure to introduce the keynote speaker for tonight,Dr Kart.,Were all anxious to hear Ms Lis remarks,so let us all welcome her to the podium.,Mr Peel,will you please give us the pleasure of hearing your speech?,We hope that all of you can attend every meeting as well as the lecture.,I hope to see all of you here next year.,Good-bye,and safe traveling.,欢送会活用佳句,Good-bye,and have a good year.,May you have the best of luck in San Francisco.,A year seems like such a long time to be away,so we will miss you a lot,and we hope you will miss us,too.,All the members of your department are before you today to wish you farewell and good luck in your future.,So instead of concluding my speech with the customary“Good-bye,”allow me to say“Good luck and much happiness!”,Im full of excitement.,I owe a great deal of all of you.,Thank you for coming here tonight to see me off.,I will miss all of you for while Im away.,I thank all of you for what you have done for me.,In the first first place,I wish to say a word of thanks for holding this send-off party for me.,生日贺辞佳句,Happy birthday,Bob,and best wishes in the years to come.,I would like to propose a toast to Mr Li on his 60,th,birthday.,I wish you many happy returns of the day.,We wish you the very best of luck,health,and wealth.,Happy birthday,Mr Wang.You are indeed seventy five years young.,Confucius once said,“One stands on his own at thirty.”well,Johnson,Im sure he would be impressed with you if he were here.,It is really wonderful for all of us to grow older together and work together under your leadership.,To all of us,you are always in your twenties.,Well all want to know your secret of staying young.,Thank You!,