高中英语首字母为D的词汇.doc

D
1. daily 1 adj. 每天的,日常的
daily 2 adv. 每日,每天
Daily3 n. 日报
2. dam n. 堤,坝,水闸 v. 建水坝于
3. damage 1 n.[U] 损失,损害
短语: damage to sth. do damage to sb./ sth
E.g. The storm caused great damage to the trees last night. 昨夜的暴风雨使树木遭到巨大损害.
damages n. 损害赔偿金
damage 2 vt. E.g. damage relations between two countries损害两国的关系
4. damp adj. 潮湿的 n. 潮气,湿气
5. danger n. 危险 短语: in danger 在危险中
短语: in danger of sth./ doing sth. 有…的危险
E.g. He was in danger of losing his life. 他有失去生命的危险。
out of danger 脱离危险
同根词: endanger vt.危及，危害，使遭到危险
E.g. Smoking endangers your health. 吸烟危害健康.
E.g. The giant panda is an endangered species.大熊猫是濒临绝种危险的动物.
dangerous adj. 危险的
6. Danish adj. 丹麦的,丹麦人的 n. 丹麦人,丹麦语
7. dark 1 adj. 黑暗的, 颜色深的,隐藏的,难理解的,(比喻)忧郁的
dark 2 n. 黑暗
短语: in the dark ①在黑暗中　　②不知,一无所知
E.g. We were kept completely in the dark about his plan to sell the company.
对他计划将公司出售一事,我们一直蒙在鼓里.
同根词: darken vt. 使…变黑暗 darkness n. 黑暗
8. dash vi. & n. 猛冲 dash for sth.
9. data n. （复数）数据 合成词： database 数据库
10. date 1 n. 日期,约会
短语: out of date 废弃的,过时的 up to date 时新的,现代的
date 2 v. 短语: date back to (时间)追溯到…= date from
E.g. The castle dates from the 14th century. 这座城堡是14世纪建的.
同根词: dated adj. 过时的
11. dawn 1 n. 破晓,黎明 短语: at dawn 在拂晓,在黎明
dawn 2 v.
① 破晓
E.g. When day dawned, we could see the damage the storm had caused.
天亮时,我们可以看到风暴造成的灾害.
② dawn on sb. 某人逐渐明白
E.g. The truth began to dawn on him. 他开始弄明白真相.
12. day n. 白天
短语: day after day 日复一日,连续地 day by day 一天一天地,逐日
the other day 前几天,前些时候
13. deadline n. 截止期限，最后期限
14. deaf adj. 聋的 短语: deaf to sth. 对…听不进
E.g. be deaf to all advice 对一切劝告充耳不闻
短语: turn a deaf ear to sb./ sth 对…充耳不闻
E.g. She turned a deaf ear to our warnings and got lost.
她对我们的劝告充耳不闻,结果迷失了方向.
15. deal 1 v.
短语: deal in sth. 经营/卖(某物) deal with sb. 对待/应付某人
deal with sth. 处理,解决某事 E.g. deal with difficulties/challenge克服困难/应对挑战
deal 2 n. 协议，交易
同根词: dealer n.商人
16. dear 1 adj.
① 亲爱的，极为珍贵的
②（Brit. 英国用法,通常作表语）昂贵的
E.g. Houses are getting dearer and dearer. 房子越来越贵.
dear 2 n. 可爱的人,亲爱的人
17. debate n. & v. 辩论,讨论
18. debt n. 债务,欠款
短语: be in/ out of debt 欠/不欠债
be in one’s debt 欠某人之情
E.g. You saved my life: I’m forever in your debt. 你救了我的命,我永远感激不尽.
19. decade n. 十年 E.g. the first decade of the 21st century
20. decide v.
① 解决(问题、争端或案件)
E.g. The judge will decide ( the case) tomorrow. 法官明天判决此案.
② decide on sth./ sb. 考虑后作出决定,下决心
E.g. They have decided on National Day as the wedding day.
decide ( not ) to dosth. 决定(不)做某事
同根词: decision n. 决定,决心
短语: arrive at/ come to/ make/ each a decision 作出决定
decisive adj. 决定性的 E.g. play the decisive role 起决定性作用
21. declare v.
① 正式宣布(某事),郑重地说(某事) E.g. declare war on 向…宣战
declare for/ against sth./ sb 表示赞成/ 不赞成…
E.g. The commission declared against the plan. 委员会反对那项计划.
同根词: declaration n. 宣言,正式声明
22. decline 1 n. decline in sth. 消减，降低
E.g. the decline in population/ popularity 人口的减少,声望的降低
decline 2 v.
① 谢绝 ,拒绝 E.g. decline an invitation to dinner 谢绝宴请
② 降低,减少 E.g. declining sales 销售量下降
23. decorate vt. 装修，装饰 短语: decorate sth (with sth)
同根词: decoration n. 装饰,装潢
24. decrease v. 下降 ( 反义词 increase 上升)
25. deed n. (fml.文) 行动,行为
短语: in deed 真正,实际上
E.g. A friend in need is a friend in deed. 患难之交才是真正的朋友.
26. deep adj.
① 深的,专心于, 博学的,渊博的 E.g. deep in thought/study深思/专心于学习
② 深陷于 E.g. deep in difficulty/ debt
同根词: deepen vt. 加深,变深 depth n. 深度
27. deer n. 鹿
28. defeat n. 击败,失败 E.g. suffer defeat 遭受失败
vt.
① 战胜(某人), 击败
② 使(希望、目的等)不能实现，阻挠，挫败
29. defense(defence) n.保卫,辩护
同根词: defend vt.
① 保护,保卫 短语: defend sb./ sth. from/ against sb. /sth
E.g. defend sb. from attack 保护某人免受攻击
② 为…辩护
defensive adj. 隐藏缺点的,防备批评或攻击的
30. degree n. ① 度,度数 ②学位 ③程度,等级
E.g. She shows a high degree of skill in her work. 她在工作中表现出高度的技巧.
短语: to… degree 在…程度上
E.g. She has also been affected, but to a lesser degree. 她也受到波及,但程度较轻.
31. delay 1 v.
① vi & vt. 耽搁,延误
E.g. She delayed ( for) two hours and missed the train. 她耽搁两小时误了火车.
② vt. 推迟,延期 dalay sth./ doing sth.
E.g. Why have they delayed opening the school? 他们为什么延期开学?
delay 2 耽搁,延误,推迟,延期 E.g. We must leave without delay. 我们必须立即离开.
32. delete v. & n. 删除或删略
33. deliberately adv. 故意地
34. delicacy n. 佳肴
35. delicate adj.
① 柔软的，精致的，精巧的 ② 微妙的，得体的 ③（指感官、仪器）灵敏的
36. delight 1 n. 高兴,快乐
短语: give delight to sb./ give sb. delight 使某人快乐
to one’s delight 另某人(感到)高兴的是
E.g. To our great delight, the day turned out fine. 我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了.
delight 2 vt. 给某人乐趣,使某人愉快 E.g. Her singing delighted everyone.
同根词: delightful adj. 另人愉快的
delighted adj. ( 感到) 非常高兴的,愉快的
37. deliver vt.
① 递送,传送(信件、包裹、货物等)
E.g. mail carriers will be delivering some good news and some bad news this week.
邮差本周会给你带来好消息也会带来坏消息。
② 授课，讲话，讲道 E.g. deliver a talk/ speech 发表讲话/演讲
同根词: delivery n. 投递,交付
38. demand 1 n.
①[ C] 要求,请求
E.g. It’s impossible to satisfy all your demands. 不可能满足你所有的要求.
② [U] 需求,需要
短语: demand for sb./ sth.
E.g. Demand for skilled workers is high. 非常需要技术熟练的工人.
in demand 非常需要的,受欢迎的
E.g. Her books are in great demand. 她的书很受欢迎.
demand 2 v.
注: demand that (should )+原形
39. deny vt.
① 否认，否定
短语: deny sth./ doing sth./ that
E.g. He denied knowing anything about it. 他否认知道此事.
② deny sth. ( to sb. ) 拒不给予某人所求或所需之物
E.g. He denied this good opportunity to his family. 他拒不把这个好机会留给家人.
40. depart vi. (fml) 走开,离开
同根词: departure n. 短语: on departure 离开的时候 (反: on arrival 到达的时候)
41. department n. 部门,系,部
42. depend v. E.g. That depends./ It ( all) depends. 看情况在说
短语：depend on( upon)
同根词:dependent adj. 依赖的 (反: independent 独立的)
dependable adj. 可信赖的,可靠的 E.g. dependable service可靠的服务
43. deposit n. 存款,押金,保证金 v. 将钱存入银行
44. depress vt. 使某人忧愁,沮丧
E.g. Wet weather always depresses me. 我在阴天时总是心情郁闷.
同根词: depressing adj. 另人沮丧的 depressed adj.沮丧的,忧愁的
depression n. 忧愁,消沉,抑郁
45. describe vt.描述,叙述 同根词: description n.
46. descend v. 下来,下降
47. desert 1 vt. 离弃(一地方), 放弃,遗弃 E.g. desert pets 抛弃宠物
desert 2 n. 沙漠,荒漠
同根词: deserted adj. 无人的,被遗弃的 desertification n. （土地的）沙漠化
48. deserve vt.
①应受（奖赏、特殊待遇等）；应得；值得
短语: deserve sth.
E.g. She deserves a reward for her efforts. 她积极努力,应得到奖赏.
deserve to be sth./ deserve to be done
E.g. They deserve to be sent to prison.他们应该入狱.
49. design 1 v. 设计,计划,谋划
短语: be designed for sb./ sth. ; be designed as sth. ; be designed to do sth.
为某目的或用途而制造或计划
E.g. The experiment was designed to find out why many humanities students find science hard. 实验的目的是弄清为什么文科的学生觉得理科难。
design 2 n.
① 图样,设计图
② 目的，打算，意象 短语: by design 故意地
E.g. We don’t know if it was done by accident or by design.我们不知道那是偶然的还是故意的.
同根词: designer n. 设计者
50. desire 1 n. 欲望,渴望 短语: desire for sth. desire to do sth.
desire 2 vt. 希望,愿望,渴望
短语: desire sth.
desire ( sb) to do sth. E.g. I have long desired to meet them.
注:desire that ( should) + 原形 E.g. She desires that you come at once.
同根词: desirable adj. 称心的,合意的 (反义词：undesirable 不称心的)
51. desktop n. 桌面
52. despair n. 失望，绝望 短语: in despair
53. desperate adj. 绝望的
54. despite prep. 不管,不顾
55. dessert n. 甜点
56. destination n. 目的地 E.g. arrive at/ reach one’s destination 到达目的地
57. destroy vt. 摧毁,毁坏
58. destruction n. 毁坏 (反义词:construction 建议)
59. detective n. 侦探
60. determine v.
① (fml文) 决定(某事物),确定, （意义= decide）
E.g. determine a date for a meeting 确定会议日期
短语: determine on/ upon sth./ doing sth. 对某事下定决心
E.g. We determined on an early start. = We determined that we’d make an early start.
determine to do sth.= determine on doing sth.
E.g. He determined to learn Greek. 他决定学希腊语.
② 对某事产生影响,决定
E.g. The exam results could determine your career. 考试成绩可能决定你的前途.
③ 测定，算出，找出
E.g. Mercer determined Moscow is 34.4 percent more expensive including….
Mercer统计出莫斯科(比纽约)物价高34.4%,包括…
同根词: determined adj. 意志坚定的,坚决的 短语: determined ( to do sth. ) 决定做某事
determination n. 决心,坚定性
61. develop v.发育,发展,开发,研发，形成
E.g. develop a good habit/attitude 养成好习惯/ 树立正确的态度
E.g. Other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. 其他水果公司也研发出类似的菠萝.
同根词: development n. developing a 发展中的 developed adj.发达的
E.g. highly developed senses 极其发达的感官
62. devote v.
短语: devote oneself/ sth. to sb./ sth. 把(时间、精力、生命等)全用在…上,致力于/献身于…
同根词: devoted adj. 短语: devoted to sb./ sth. 热爱的,非常忠实的
devotion n. 短语: devotion( to sb./ sth. ) 深爱,挚爱;献身,忠心
63. diagram n. 图表,图解
64. dial v. 拨号
65. dialect n. 方言
66. diamond n. 钻石
67. diary n. 日记
68. dictation n. 听写
69. dictionary n. 词典
70. die v. 死,消亡,消失
短语: die away 减弱 E.g. The noise of the car died away in the distance.
die down 逐渐减弱，降低
die of 死于( an illness, hunger, grief) die from 死于( a wound受伤等外因)
die off 一一死去 die out 灭绝,绝迹
E.g. Dinosaur has already died out. 恐龙已经灭绝了.
71. diet n. 通常吃的食物,规定食谱 短语: be/ go on a diet 节食
vi. 节食
72. differ v. differ from sb./ sth 与…有区别,不一样
同根词: difference n. 差异,差别,变化
短语: make a /no/ some/ great…difference (to sb./ sth.) 对…要紧/不要紧
E.g. It makes no difference to me whether you go or not.你去不去对我都无所谓
different adj. 不同的 短语: different from sb./ sth.
73. difficulty n. 困难
短语: have difficulty in sth./ doing sth. = have trouble/ problem in doing sth.
E.g. I had the greatest difficulty in persuading her. 我费了很大的劲才说服他.
74. dig v. (dug, dug ) 挖
75. digest v. 消化 n. 摘要,文摘
76. digital adj. 数码的,数字的
77. dignity n. 尊严
78. dilemma n. 进退两难的境地
79. dimension n. 大小,体积,范围
80. dinosaur n. 恐龙
81. dioxide n. 二氧花物
82. dip v.
① 将某物放入或伸入液体中,浸,泡 E.g. dip the pen into the ink
② 使某物下降后再上升
83. diploma n. 文凭，毕业证书
84. direct 1 adj. 径直的,率直的,直接的
direct 2 adv. 径直地,直接地 E.g. go direct to Paris 直达巴黎
direct 3 v. 指引,指挥,给某人指路,担任导演
E.g. Can you direct me to the station? 你能告诉我到车站怎么走么?
同根词: direction n. 方向,指导 短语: in …direction 朝…方向
directly adv.
① 径直地,直接地,坦率地,直爽地 E.g. directly in front of me 在我的正前方
② 立即,马上 E.g. I’ll be there directly. 我很快就到.
85. director n. 导演,懂事
86. directory n. 名录,指南 E.g. telephone directory 电话簿
87. dirt n.尘土,泥土 同根词: dirty adj. 污秽的,脏的 v. 弄脏,变脏
88. disable vt. 使某人丧失能力,使某人残废 E.g. the disabled adj. 残疾人
同根词: disability n. 失去能力,伤残
89. disadvantage n. 不利条件 ( 反: advantage n. 优势)
90. disagree v. 与某人观点/意见不一致,有分歧
短语: disagree with sb. on / about sth.
同根词: disagreeable adj. 另人不愉快的,讨厌的 E.g. a disagreeable person
disagreement n. 分歧,意见不合
91. disappear v. 消失,遗失,失踪 同根词: disappearance n. 失踪,丢失
92. disappoint vt. 使某人失望
同根词: disappointed adj. 失望的 disappointing adj. 另人失望的
disappointment n. 失望,沮丧 短语: to one’s disappointment 另人失望的是
93. disaster n. 灾，灾难
94. discount n. 折扣
95. discourage vt.
① 使某人丧失信心,使某人泄气 (反义词:encourage )
② 设法阻止
短语: discourage sb. from doing sth. 劝某人不做某事
E.g. Parents should discourage their children from smoking. 做父母的应该劝子女不要抽烟.
96. discover v. 发现 同根词: discoverer n. 发现者 discovery n. 发现
97. discrimination n. 歧视 E.g. racial/sexual discrimination 种族歧视
98. discuss vi. 讨论，探讨 短语: discuss about sth. with sb.
同根词: discussion n.
99. disease n. 疾病
100. disgust vt. 使(某人)觉得恶心,使厌烦/反感
同根词: disgusting adj. 恶心的,讨厌的 disgusted adj. 感到厌恶的/反感的
101. disk n. 磁盘
102. dismiss v. 开除,解雇
103. disobey v. 不服从
104. display v. & n. 陈列,展览 短语: on display 在陈列,在展览
105. distance n. 距离,间距 短语: in the distance 在远处 from a distance 从远处
同根词: distant adj. 遥远的
106. distinctive adj. 与众不同的 同根词: distinction n. 区分,差别
107. distinguish vt. 区别,辨别
108. distribute v. 分发，分配,(书报的)发行 同根词: distribution n. 分发，分配
109. district n. 区,行政区
110. disturb vt. 搅乱,打扰 E.g. disturb the peace 扰乱治安
同根词: disturbance n. 打扰,骚乱 disturbing adj. 另人不安的
111. ditch n. 沟 v. (口语)抛弃,摆脱 ditch sb./ sth
112. dive v. 潜水 同根词: diver n. 潜水员
113. diverse adj. 各不相同的
同根词: diversity n. 多样性 E.g. a wide diversity of opinion 观点上众说纷纭
diversify v. 使多样性
114. divide v. 除,划分 同根词: division n. 部分
115. divorce n.& vt. 离婚
116. dizzy adj. 头晕的,眩晕的
117. do （did, done ）
短语：have ( got) something/ nothing/ a lot to do with 与…有关系
do away with sth. 摆脱某事物,废除某事物
E.g. The death penalty has been done away with in many European countries.
许多欧洲国家已废除了死刑.
118. document n. 文件
119. doll n. 洋娃娃
120. donate vt. 捐赠
E.g. donate large sums to relief organization 向救济组织捐赠巨款
同根词: donation n. 捐赠物,捐赠 donator n. 捐赠人
121. door n.
短语：( from) door to door 逐门逐户 next door to…与…隔壁
out of doors 在户外,在露天
122. dormitory n. 宿舍
123. dot n. 小圆点
124. double-decker n. 双层公共汽车
125. doubt n. 怀疑,不信任
短语：doubt about sth.
E.g. There’s some doubt about his suitability for the job.
他是否适应这工作有些疑问.
no doubt 无疑地 without ( a) doubt 无疑地,确实地
beyond a/ any/ all doubt 无疑地
126. dove n. 鸽子
127. down 1 adv. 向下，倒下
短语： down and out穷困潦倒
down 2 prep.从高处向下 E.g. Tears ran down her face.
down 3 v . ① vt. 将某人打倒在地 ②很快喝下
128. download v. 下载
129. dozen n. 打,12个 短语： dozens of 几十个
130. draft n. 草稿 v. 起草
131. drag vt.
① 拖,拉,拽 短语：drag sth. out 使某事物不必要地拖延
② 缓慢而吃力地行进
132. draw v. （drew，drawn ）
① 画
② 向某方向移动 E.g. The train drew in / into the station. 火车进站.
短语：draw near 来临( 比喻） E.g. Christmas is drawing near.圣诞节日渐临近.
draw to close 结束
E.g. His life was drawing peacefully to its close .他的生命正平静地走向结束.
③ 拉,拖 E.g. I tried to draw him aside. 我想把他拉到一边.
④ 吸引某人,使某人感兴趣 短语：draw sb. ( to sth. )
E.g. New Orient English draws students from all over the country.
新东方英语吸引着全国各地的学生.
draw one’s attention to sth. 另某人注意某事物
draw up ( of a vehicle) ( 指车辆等)停下来
E.g. The taxi drew up outside the house. 出租车停在房子外面.
draw sth. up 草拟,写出
133. drawback n. 不利因素
134. drawer n. 抽屉
135. dream 1 v. （ dreamt，dreamt 或dreamed, dreamed）
短语: dream of/ about sth./ doing sth. 梦见某事物,梦想或想像某事物
dream 2 n. beyond one’s wildest dreams 远远超出想像或希望
136. dress1 n. 衣服，连衣裙
dress 2 vt. 短语: dress sb./ oneself 给…穿衣服
(be) dressed in sth. 穿着…衣服 dress up 穿上盛装
dress （sb./ oneself）up as sb. 化妆成
137. drill n