医学专业英语词根.docx

医学专业英语词根suffixMeaningExample-acpertainingto属于，关于cardiac:pertainingtotheheart心脏（病）的-alpertainingtomedical:pertainingtomedicine-arpertainingtomolecular:pertainingtoamolecule分子的-arypertainingtobelongingtociliary:pertainingtothecilia睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的-aseenzyme酶amylase:anyenzymethatconvertsstarchtosugar淀粉酶-clesmallness小,少,贫乏,小气follicle:asmallbodilycavityorsac小囊,(头发的)毛囊-eaninstrument仪器auriscope:aninstrumentforexaminingtheear(检查耳朵用的)耳镜-ealpertainingtolaryngeal:pertainingtothelarynx喉的,喉音的-iacondition;qualityphobia:abnormalfear恐惧，害怕-icpertainingtotoxic:pertainingtotoxin有毒的；因中毒引起的-icsstudyof;nameofasciencepaediatrics:studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddiseases儿科学-ine/insubstance物质insulin：substance(hormone)producedbytheisletsofLangerhansinthepancreas胰岛素-ismprocessorconditionalcoholism:excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesaddictive酒精中毒-istonewhospecializesin精通于的人pharmacologist:adoctorwhospecializesinthestudyofdrugs药理专家-itisinflammationreferstoapartin部位的炎症rhinitis:inflammationofthenasalpassages鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎-(i)umrelationtoawhole;relatedto与相关endometrium:innerliningoftheuter子宫内膜-ivecharacterizesbyantitussive:adrugthatsuppressescoughing止咳药-lettiny;smalldroplet:atinydrop小滴-menttheresultorproductofanactiondevelopment:thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingdeveloped;actionofbecomingmature-oidresembling;like像mucoid:resemblingmucus粘液样的-olelittle;smallcentriole:thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecentrosome细胞中心粒；中心体-omatumor;swellingreferstoadoerdermatofibroma:fibroustumoroftheskin皮肤纤维瘤-or/-ereitherapersonorthingreceptor:asensorynerveendingthatrespondstovariousstimuli感受器，受体-orycharacterizedby;pertainingtosuspensory:whichishangingdown悬吊式，悬带-osesugarfructose:fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖-osisabnormalconditiononychocryptosis:abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲-ouspertainingtopoisonous:pertainingtopoison;alsocontainingpoison有毒的，分泌毒素的-somesbodiesribosome:thebodyofnucleicacid核糖体-umstructure;thing;substance结构，物质magnesium:awhitemetallicchemicalsubstance镁（金属元素）-ycondition;act;processdystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良ThefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcompoundsuffixesSuffixMeaningExample-algiapain;painful;conditionarthralgia:paininajoint关节痛-aseenzymeprotease:digestiveenzyme蛋白酶-blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎hemocytoblast:blastcell血胚细胞，原始血细胞-carcinomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissue相关组织的恶性肿瘤adenocarcinoma:malignanttumordevelopingfromglandulartissue腺癌-celeprotrusion;distention突出；膨胀，延伸esophagocele:abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突出-centesissurgicalpuncture手术穿孔paracentesis:surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspirationoffluid穿刺术-capniacarbondioxide二氧化碳acapnia:absenceofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏-cidekillgermicide:(substance)whichcankillgerms杀菌剂-clastcellphagocyte:cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurroundanddestroyothercells噬菌细胞-dyniapainglossodynia:paininthetongue舌痛-ectasia/-ectasisexpansion;dilation(膨胀，扩张)atelectasis:incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbirth肺不张-ectomysurgicalexcisionorremovalofgastrectomy:surgicalremovalofthestomach胃切除术-edemaexcessiveaccumulationofserousfluid水肿myxoedema:conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoesnotproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿-emiabloodconditionleukemia:anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnormalnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病-emesisvomiting呕吐hematemesis:thevomitingofblood咯血；吐血-gensomethingthatproducedorprouducespathogen:amicroorganismoragentcapableofproducingdisease病菌，病原体-genesisproduction生产spermatogenesis:formationanddevelopmentofspermatozoainthetestes精子发生-globinprotein蛋白质hemoglobin:aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythrocytes血红素-gnosisknowledgediagnosis:theprocessofidentifyingthenatureorpresenceofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination-gramimage;pictureelectrocardiogram:agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivityofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartdisease.Abbr.ECGandEKG.Syn.cardiogram心电图-graph(y)processofrecording记录过程electocardiography:theprocessofmakingorrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录-iasiscondition;state情况，状况cholelithiasis:theformationofgallstones胆石症-iatry/-iatricshealing,frequentlyreferstoabranchofmedicine康复，常指医学的一个分支podiatry:treatmentoffootdisorders足部医疗-lithstonecholelith:agallstone;astoneformedinthegallbladder胆结石-logythestudyofcytology:thesciencestudyofcells细胞学-logistonewhostudiesandtreatsurologist:aphysicianwhospecializesinthepracticeofurology泌尿科医生-lysisbreakdown,destructionhemolysis:thedestructionorbreakdownofredbloodcellswithreleaseofhemoglobin溶血-malaciasofteningosteomalacia:softeningofbone骨软化-maniaextremecompulsionorpreoccupation强迫症kleptomania:amorbid,uncontrollablecompulsiontosteal盗窃癖-megalygiantacromegaly:aconditioninwhichthereisanenlargementofthefacialbonesaswellasthoseofthelungs肢端肥大症-metry/-metermeasurementspirometry:measurementofthevolumeofairinhaledandexhaledortheaircapacityofthelungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)-odyniapaincardiodynia:painintheheartregion心痛，胸痛-onehormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone:whichregulatescalciumbalanceamongtheblood,bones,andteeth甲状旁腺激素-opiaadefectintheeye眼睛的毛病myopia:beingshort-sighted近视-opsytoviewbiopsy:excisionoflivetissueformicroscopicdiagnosis活检-osismorbidcondition病态的sclerosis:abnormalhardening硬化症-osmiasmellanosmia:lossofthesenseofsmell嗅觉丧失-ostomyprocessofmakinganopeningintooraconnectionbetween造瘘gastrostomy:surgicalconstructionofanopeningfromthesurfaceoftheabdomenintothestomach胃造口术-oxialevelofoxygen氧水平hypoxia:alowoxygenleveloralackofoxygeninbodytissues组织缺氧-pathydisease;diseasedconditionophthalmopathy:anyeyedisease眼病-peniadeficiencyleukopenia:deficiencyofleukocytesintheblood.Syn.leukocytopenia白细胞减少症-pepsiadigestioneupepsia:gooddigestion消化良好-pexyafixingorsettingfirmlyinplacebysuturing缝合固定hepatopexy:surgicalfixationofadisplaceliver肝固定术-phagia/phagyeating;swallowing吃，吞咽dysphagia:difficultyinswallowing吞咽困难-philattraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil:typeofleucocyteorwhitebloodcellwhichcontainsgranules嗜碱性粒细胞-phobiafearxenophobia:irrationalfearofstrangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶-plasiaformation;developmenthyperplasia:overdevelopmentorenlargementofanorganortissue增生，数量型肥大-phoniavoicedysphonia:difficultyinspeaking发声困难-plasmformation;growthorsubstanceofformationcytoplasm:jellysubstanceinthecell细胞浆-plastysurgicalrepairosteoplasty:surgicalrepairofthebone骨整形术，骨成形术-plegiastroke;paralysis中风thermoplegia:heatorsunsrtoke热射病-pneabreathingeupnea:normalbreathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸-ptosisafalling,thedroppingorsaggingofanorgan器官下移hepatoptosis:abnormallylowpositionoftheliver肝下垂-ptysisspitting分散melanoptysis:spittingofthespleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰-poiesisproductionhemopoiesis:productionofbloodcells造血作用，生血作用-rrhage/-rrhagiaburstingforthofblood出血menorrhagia:veryheavybleedingduringmenstruation月经过多-rrhaphysurgicalsewingorsuturingsplenorrhaphy:sutureofthespleen脾修补术-rrheaoverflowhydrorrhea:waterydischarge液溢-(o)rrhexissplittingorrupture撕裂，破裂，疝气amniorrhexis:ruptureoftheamnioticac羊膜破裂-sarcomamalignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissueliposarcoma:malignanttumorcontainingfat脂肪肉瘤-schesisaholdingback;suppressionofdischarge阻碍；抑制排放uroschesis:suppressionofurine闭尿，尿潴留-sclerosisahardeningdermatosclerosis:hardeningoftheskin硬皮病-scopeinstrumentforviewingstethoscope:aninstrumentforperformingmedicateausculation听诊器-scopyprocessofexaminingvisuallyhepatoscopy:examinationoftheliver肝检查-spasminvoluntarycontractionangiospasm:suddencontractionofthemusclesinabloodvessel血管痉挛-stasissuppression;stoppage;control;arrest抑制，中止hemostasis:thearrestofbleeding止血，止血法-stenosisabnormalnarrowingofaductorcanal管、道德异常狭窄laryngostenosis:abnormalnarrowingofthelarynx喉狭窄-stomysurgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody造口colostomy:surgicaloperationtomakeanopeningfromthecolon结肠造口术-tentionpressurehypertention:highbloodpressure高血压-therapytreatmentphysiotherapy:treatmentofdiseasebyphysicalmeans物理疗法-tionprocesshospitalization:theprocessofbeinghosipitalized住院-tocialabor;birth生产embryotocia:abortion流产-tometoolforincisionarthrotome:instrumentforcuttingajoint关节刀-tomyprocessofcuttingintogastrotomy:incisionofthestomach胃切开术-tropiaturning转弯，变向esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视-trophynourishmentordevelopmentofanorgan器官的营养、发育dystrophy:disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良-uriaaconditionoftheurine（小便）dysuria:difficultlyinpassingurine排尿困难-versionturningeversion:aturningoutward外翻，翻转HereisatableofthemostcommonlyusedprefixesPrefixMeaningExamplea-/an-without;notaphasia:theinabilitytounderstandwrittenorspokenwordsortospeakmeaningfully失语症ab-awayfromabortion:expulsionfromtheuterus流产ad-to;toward;nearadnasal:nearthenose近鼻的acro-apointortipacronyx:growingintotheflesh嵌甲alb-whitealbino:apersonlackingnormalpigmentation白发病者amb-/ambi-bothambisexual、bisexual:(person)whoissexuallyattractedtobothmalesandfamales双性恋amphi-/ampho-both;bothsidesamphicentric:beginningandendinginthesamevessel起止同源的血管ana-up;backagainanabolism:processofbuildingupcomplexchemicalsubstancesonthebasisofsimplerones合成代谢Angio-abloodvesselangioma:benigntumorformedofbloodvessel血管瘤ante-beforeantenatal:duringtheperiodbetweenconceptionandchildbirth出生前的，怀孕期的anti-againstantidepressant:(drug)usedtotreatdepression抗抑郁剂audi-hearing;soundaudiometry:scienceoftestinghearing听力测定auto-selfautoantibody:antibodyformedtoattackthebodysowncells自身抗体bi-two;twicebicellular:twocells两室的bio-livingorganisms生命体biochemistry:chemistrylivingtissues生物化学brady-slowbradycardia:slowrateofheartcontraction,shownbyaslowpulserate心动过缓carcin-carcinomaorcancer癌；瘤carcinogen:acancer-causingsubstance致癌物cata-downwards;under;against;alongwithcataract:conditionwherethelensoftheeyegraduallybecomeshardandopaque白内障centi-onehundredth百分之一centimeter:unitofmeasurementoflength(=onehundredthofameter)厘米co(n)-withortogetherconsanguineous:bloodrelationship血亲的，血缘的，密切的contra-againstcontraception:preventionofpregnancybyusingdevicesordrugs避孕法，节育法de-removalorlossdecaffeinated:(coffee)withthecaffeineremoved脱去咖啡因的deca-tendecagram:tengrams十克deci-tenthdeciliter:unitofmeasurementofliquid(=onetenthofalittle)1/10公升di-twodiglossia:adoubletongue使用两种语言dia-through;between;apart;acrossdiathermy:processof(treating)throughheat透热疗法dis-reversalorseparatedisintegrate:tocometopieces分解，破裂dys-bad;difficult;disordereddysarthrosis:deformityormalformationofajoint关节变形echo-soundechocardiography:ultrasonographyoftheheart心回波描记，超声心动描记术ect-/ecto-outsideorouterecchondroma:benigntumoronthesurfaceofcartilageorbone外生软骨瘤en-in;withinenostosis:benigngrowthinsideabone内生骨疣endo-insideendocardium:membranewhichlinestheheart心内膜epi-on;overepidermis:outerlayerofskin表皮ery-rederythrocyte:maturenon-nucleatedredbloodcell红细胞eso-inward;within(向内)esotropia:turninginwardoftheeye内斜视eu-goodeugenics:studyofhowtoimprovethehumanracebygeneticselection优生学ex-/exo-outofexhale:tobreathout呼出extra-outsideextracapsular:outsideacapsule囊外的hemi-halfhemiplegia:severeparalysisaffectingonesideofthebody偏瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂hydro-waterhydrocele:collectionofwateryliquidfoundinacavitysuchasthescrotum阴囊积水hyper-higherortoomuchhyperglycaemia:excessofglucoseintheblood高血糖症hypo-lessortoolittlehypokalaemia:deficiencyofpotassiumintheblood低血钾in-inorintoinbreeding:breedingbetweenacloselyrelatedmaleandfemale近亲交配in-notincoherent:notabletospeakinawaywhichmakessense语无伦次infra-beloworbeneathinfrapatellar:beloworbeneaththepatella髌inter-betweeninterlobular:betweenlobules小叶间的intra-insideintramedullary:insidethebonemarroworspinalcord髓内itro-intointrovert:personwhothinksonlyabouthimselfandhisownmentalstate性格内向的人mal-badorabnormalmalfunction:abnormalworkingofanargan机器等运转失常；失灵；出现故障meta-changesmetaplasia:changeofonetissuetoanother化生，转化，组织变形micro-verysmallmicrocyte:abnormallysmallredbloodcell小红细胞mid-middlemidcarpal:betweenthetworowsofcarpalbones腕骨间的milli-onethousandthmilligram:unitofmeasurementofweight毫克mis-errororwrongmiscarriage:spontaneousabortion流产multi-manymultigravida:awomanwhoispregnantandhasbeenpregnantatleasttwicebefore经产孕妇noct-atnightnocturia:passingabnormallylargequantityofurinewhenasleepinbedatnight夜尿症nona-nineortheninethnonagon:flatshapewhichhasninesides九边形octa-eightoctan:everyeightdays八日热；每隔八日发一次的odont-teethodontology:studyofteethandassociatedstructures,andtheirdisordersonco-tumoursoncology:scientificstudyofnewgowths肿瘤学oro-mouthorolingual:pertainingtothemouthandtongue口与舌的pachy-thickeningpachysomia:conditionwheresofttissuesofthebodybecomeabnormallythick躯体肥厚pali-/palin-against;pathologicrepetition病态的重复palindromic:(disease)whichrecurs复发的，再发的pan-/pant-/panto-allpancytopenia:abnormaldepressionofallthecellularelementsoftheblodd全血细胞减少症para-similartoornear;changedorbeyondparalyseorparalyze:toweaken(muscles)sothattheycannotfunction使麻痹，使瘫痪pen-/penta-fivepentosuria:excretion