情态动词can和could之基本用法(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,情态动词,can,和,could,之基本用法,水建锋,1,情态动词,基本用法,特殊用法,推测性用法,（,could wouldmightshould,）,用于虚拟意义的用法,2,cancouldmaymightwillwould,shouldought toshallmust,need dare,cancould-be able to,maymight-be allowed to,must-have(got)to,shallshouldought to-be supposed to,willwould-be going to,3,The boy can be very naughty.,这孩子,可能,会很淘气。,The boy looks pale.He could be sick.,这孩子脸色煞白，他,可能,病了。,4,在英语里，,can,在肯定句中只能表示“理论上的可能性”即“潜能”。,理论上的可能性：是用来说明因为具备某些特点或条件，某人能够完成某件事或某事可能存在的，而并不强调何时或怎样实施这一种潜在的行为。,5,这里的,can,谈论的不是一个具体的事件。因为它与说话时的现状无关。,而这里的,could,却表示的是“实际的可能性”，因为它与说话时的现状有关。这种“实际的可能性”，就是我们所谓的“,推测性用法,。”,6,正是由于在英语里存在这两种推测的差别，英语语法就没有把,can,的这种“理论上的可能性”的推测定义为“推测性用法”，而把它定义为“,基本用法,”。,can,的基本用法：,能力、可能性,、,许可,7,can,的“,核心含义,”是强调“潜在的可能性”，而不是真正地去实施，那与“能力”有什么关系呢？当句子的主语是有生命的动作执行者时即人类或动物，此时的“潜能”往往就会解释为“能力。”这种能力有两种,:,生来具有的能力,和,后天习得的能力,。,8,A fish can,t walk,but it can swim.,鱼不会走路，但会游泳。,My son can play the piano.,我儿子会弹钢琴。,There are times when the traffic here can be very heavy.,这里的交通有时可能会很拥堵。,The theater can seat 10,000 people.,这家剧院可坐,1,万人。,You can use my car tomorrow.,你明天可以用我的小车。,9,could,的基本用法,：,1,、表示过去一般的能力。,waswere able to,表示过去具体的能力。,I could run after a bus and catch it twenty years ago,but I can,t do that now.,20,年前我可以追上汽车，但现在不行了。,I ran after the bus yesterday and was able to catch it.,昨天我追赶了一辆车，而且追上了它。,10,表示许可,（一般不用于表示现在的许可，而表示过去的许可）,I could read what I liked when I was a child.,我小时候喜欢看什么书，就看什么书。,表示建议和忠告,（并不表示是过去时间）,You could pick up a cake,chocolate is her favorite.,你可以买一份蛋糕嘛，巧克力口味的她最喜欢。,We could go to the cinema.,我们可以去看电影。,11,表示请求,CanCould I we-?,请求对方允许做某事,CanCould you-?,请求对方做某事,Could I have two tickets,please,？,请给我两张票好吗？,Can I use your pen?,我能用一下你的钢笔吗？,Can you pass me the salt,mom?,妈妈，把盐递给我好吗？,12,小 结,情态动词,can,和,could,之基本用法,能力：,1,、,can,在肯定句中表示现在或将来的一般能力,2,、,could,在肯定句中表示过去的一般能力,（,waswere able to,表示过去具体的能,力）,3,、,can,在否定句中往往表示“具体的可能性”属于“推测性用法”。,4,、,could,在否定句中表示“一般能力”或“,具体的能,力”,13,许可,：,1,、,can,表示将来的许可通常与将来时间状语连用。,（,can,表示能力时不需要时间状语）,2,、,could,往往表示过去的许可,建议,：,could,表示现在或将来时间，而不表示是过去时间,请求,：,1,、,Can Could Iwe-?,表示请求对方允许我们做某事,2,、,Can Could you-?,表示请求对方为我们做某事,(Could,比,Can,委婉、正式、有礼貌,),14,Practice,1,.It is now a childrens festival,when they,can,dress up and go to their neighbors homes to ask for sweets.,2,.Festivals,can,also be held to honor famous people.,3,.Harvest and Thanksgiving festival,can,be very happy events.,4,.Jim isnt very good at maths or science,，,but he,can,speak English very well.,15,5,.A man landed on Mars?You must be joking.That,cant,be true.,6,.Magpies make a bridge of their wings so the couple,can,cross the river to meet.,7,.How,can,I grow thinner,Mum?,8,.Its a fine day today,so I hope you,can,all meet the one you love.,16,1,.Our history test was so long last week that no one,could,finish it.,2,.It was the last day of school,but the teacher said that we,could,not leave early.,3,.The hunters have been lost for days.They,could,starve.,4,.,Could,you please show me the way to Beihai Park?,17,5,.But she didnt turn up.She,could,be with her friends right now laughing at him.,6,.He,could,not believe his eyes.,7,.He,could,not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!,8,.Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he,could,win his customers back.,18,作 业,各找,10,句含,can,和,could,的句子，说出它们的具体用法,。,19,Thanks for your attention!,20,