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（一）AAA型（按中间的元音字母来记忆：a-e-i-o-u） set 设置 beset 围攻 reset 重设定 unset 去除设定 upset 颠覆 underset 暗流 overset 推翻 cast 铸造 broadcast 广播→broadcast, broadcasted→broadcast, broadcasted overcast 遮蔽 forecast 预报→forecast, forecasted→forecast, forecasted upcast 上抛 recast 重铸 precast 预计 cost 价值 quit 退出→quitted, quit→quitted, quit cut 切 uppercut 上击 undercut 廉价出售 thrust 刺入 outthrust 刺穿 lose 丢失 shut 关闭t spread 散布 bespread 铺盖 dispread 扩散 outspread 伸展 overspread 扩张 hit 打 hurt 伤害 let 让 underlet 低价出租 split 劈开 slit 切开 shed 脱落 read 读 put 放 burst 爆炸t spit 吐→spat, spit→spat, spit wed 结婚→wedded, wed→wedded, wed wet 打湿→wetted, wet→wetted, wet sweat 出汗→sweat, sweated→sweat, sweated bless 祝福→blessed, blest→blessed, blest bet 打赌→bet, betted→bet, betted rid 除去→rid, ridded→rid, ridded shred 撕碎→shredded, shred→shredded, shred unknit 拆开→unknitted, unknit→unknitted, unknit （二）ABA型(按元音字母转换来记忆) come 来→came→come become 变成→became→become overcome 克服→overcame→overcome run 跑→ran→run forerun 作先驱→foreran→forerun outrun 超越→outran→outrun overrun 泛滥→overran→overrun underrun 跑不过→underran→underrun （三）AAB型 beat 击打→beat→beaten rive 扯裂→riven→riven, rived （四）ABB型（加头去尾） 1.加d hear 听→heard→heard overhear 无意听到→overheard→overheard make 做→made→made unmake 恢复原状→unmade→unmade lade 舀水→laded→laded, laden blend 混合→blended, blent→blended, blent dare 敢→dared, durst→dared clothe 穿衣→clothed, clad→clothed, clad crow 报晓→crowed, crew→crowed beseech 乞求→besought, beseeched→besought, beseeched alight 下车→alighted, alit→alighted, alit heave 力擎→heaved, hove→heaved, hove reeve 贯穿→rove, reeved→rove, reeved knit 编结→knitted, knit→knitted, knit shoe 穿鞋→shod, shoed→shod, shoed stave 凿孔→staved, stove→staved, stove strive 奋斗→strove, strived→striven, strived flee 逃跑→fled→fled foretell 预言→foretold→foretold eave→eft leave 离开→left→left reave 掠夺→reaved, reft→reaved, reft bereave 剥夺→bereaved, bereft→bereaved, bereft cleave:分裂，打通 cleaved, cleft, clove→clave,cleaved, cleft,cloven hang:挂,吊死→hung,hanged→hung,hanged unhang 解除悬挂→unhung→unhung overhang 悬垂→overhung→overhung pay 付出→paid→paid repay 报答→repaid→repaid underpay 克扣→underpaid→underpaid overpay 付出太多→overpaid→overpaid lay 放置→laid→laid inlay 镶嵌→inlaid→inlaid mislay 放错→mislaid→mislaid outlay 花费→outlaid→outlaid overlay 覆盖→overlaid→overlaid relay 转送→relaid→relaid underlay 铺垫→underlaid→underlaid waylay 埋伏→waylaid→waylaid unlay 松开→unlaid→unlaid say 说→said→said gainsay 反驳→gainsaid→gainsaid unsay 撤销→unsaid→unsaid tell 讲述→told→told retell 重述→retold→retold sell 卖→sold→sold undersell 抛售→undersold→undersold outsell 畅销→outsold→outsold oversell 卖完→oversold→oversold learn 学习→learnt, learned→learnt, learned unlearn 忘却→unlearnt, unlearned→unlearnt, unlearned mean 意思→meant→meant lean 倾斜→leaned, leant→leaned, leant leap 跳跃→leapt, leaped→leapt, leaped overleap 跳过→overleapt, overleaped→overleapt, overleaped spoil 破坏→spoilt, spoiled→spoilt, spoiled dream 做梦→dreamed, dreamt→dreamed, dreamt fight 打架→fought→fought outfight 击败→outfought→outfought d-t: rend 撕破→rent→rent lend 借出→lent→lent build 建筑→built→built upbuild 在上面建→upbuilt→upbuilt unbuild 拆除→unbuilt→unbuilt unbend 放松→unbent→unbent bend 鞠躬→bent→bent send 送→sent→sent gild 镀金→gilded, gilt→gilded gird 束缚→girded, girt→girded, girt ungird 解带→ungirded, ungirt→ungirded, ungirt spend 花钱→spent→spent p，l-t: smell 闻→smelt, smelled→smelt, smelled spell 拼写→spelt, spelled→spelt, spelled sleep 睡觉→slept→slept oversleep 睡过头→overslept→overslept weep 哭泣→wept→wept sweep 打扫→swept→swept upsweep 向上弯曲→upswept→upswept keep 保持→kept→kept creep 爬行→crept→crept feel 感觉→felt→felt 加t： unteach 使人忘却→untaught→untaught burn 燃烧→burnt, burned→burnt, burned buy 买→bought→bought catch 抓住→caught→caught deal 处理→dealt→dealt misdeal 处理不当→misdealt→misdealt rebuild 重建→rebuilt→rebuilt overbuild 建造过多→overbuilt→overbuilt overspend 过度使用→overspent→overspent outspend 花钱过多→outspent→outspent overbuy 买得过贵→overbought→overbought seek 搜索→sought→sought spill 溢出→spilt, spilled→spilt, spilled work:工作,劳动→worked,wrought→worked,wrought teach 教→taught→taught underbuy 贱价买走→underbought→underbought 3.以i开头 i-o: shine 照耀→shone, shined→shone, shined outshine 亮过→outshone→outshone bide 忍受→bode, bided→bided abide 居住→abode, abided→abode, abided bide 忍受 bode, bided bided win 获胜→won→won sit 坐→sat→sat outsit 久坐→outsat→outsat i-u: dig 挖洞→dug→dug cling 粘附→clung→clung fling 派出→flung→flung strike 打动→struck→struck, stricken sting 刺激→stung→stung sink 下沉→sank, sunk→sunk, sunken stink 发臭→stank, stunk→stunk slink 潜逃→slunk→slunk sling 吊起→slung→slung stick 粘贴→stuck→stuck unstick 扯开→unstuck→unstuck unsling 取去悬索→unslung→unslung upswing 跃进→upswung→upswung spin 旋转→spun→spun swing 摆动→swung→swung string 捆扎→strung→strung unstring 去掉绑扎→unstrung→unstrung hamstring 残废→hamstringed, hamstrung→hamstringed, hamstrung i-ou:bind,find) find 找寻→found→found grind 磨→ground→ground bring 带来→brought→brought wind 缠绕→winded, wound→winded, wound overwind 旋太紧→overwound→overwound unwind 打开→unwound→unwound bind 绑→bound→bound unbind 解开→unbound→unbound 4.去e（meet） meet 见面→met→met speed 促进→sped, speeded→sped, speeded underfeed 喂不饱→underfed→underfed bleed 流血→bled→bled breed 产生→bred→bred outbreed 超产→outbred→outbred feed 喂→fed→fed overfeed 喂得太多→overfed→overfed o-e:hold hold 拿住→held→held behold 注意看→beheld→beheld uphold 赞成→upheld→upheld withhold 扣留→withheld→withheld e-o:get get 得到→got→got, gotten 5.以o结尾 an-oo(stand,understand) stand 站立→stood→stood misunderstand 误会→misunderstood→misunderstood understand 理解→understood→understood withstand 对抗→withstood→withstood shoot 射击→shot→shot outshoot 发射→outshot→outshot overshoot 打过头→overshot→overshot undershoot 进入射程→undershot→undershot lead 带领→led→led mislead 欺骗→misled→misled ead-rod untread 折回→untrod→untrodden, untrod tread 践踏→trod→trodden, trod think 思考→tought→thought unthink 打消念头→unthought→unthought bethink 想起→bethought→bethought （五）ABC型（加减是特殊）加：1。原形---加ed---加n/en bid 出价→bade, bid→bidden, bid overbid 漫天要价→overbid→overbidden, overbid outbid 中标→outbade, outbid→outbidden, outbid underbid 出低价→underbid→underbidden, underbid forbid 禁止→forbade, forbad→forbidden shrive 忏悔→shrove, shrived→shriven, shrived prove 证明→proved→proved, proven mow 割草→mowed→mowed, mown show 展示→showed→shown, showed foreshow 预示→foreshowed→foreshown bestrew 散放→bestrewed→bestrewed, bestrewn strew 散播→strewed→strewn, strewed hew 砍劈→hewed→hewed, hewn sow 播种→sowed→sown, sowed saw 锯→sawed→sawn, sawed sew 缝补→sewed→sewn, sewed oversew 缝合→oversewed→oversewed, oversewn overlade 超载→overladed→overladed, overladen shave 剃须→shaved→shaved, shaven grave 铭记→graved→graven, graved melt 熔化→melted→melted, melten unlade 卸载→unladed→unladed, unladen thrive 蔓延→throve, thrived→thriven, thrived steal 偷窃→stole→stolen freeze 冷冻→froze→frozen unfreeze 解冻→unfroze→unfrozen dwell 细想→dwelt, dwelled→dwelt, dwelled swell 膨胀→swelled→swollen, swelled 减：2。先减后加： choose 选择→chose→chosen prechoose 预选→prechose→prechosen break 断开→broke→broken speak 讲话→spoke→spoken unspeak 缄默→unspoke→unspoken bespeak 预约→bespoke→bespoken, bespoke 原形--去e--双写辅音字母+en hide 隐藏→hid→hidden, hid chide 责骂→chid, chided→chid, chidden, chided slide 滑动→slid→slid, slidden bite 咬→bit→bitten, bit 特殊： kneel 下跪→knelt, kneeled→knelt, kneeled light:点燃,照亮→lit,lighted→lit,lighted unreeve 抽出→unrove, unreeved→unrove, unreeved be 是→was, were→been shall 将→should→- will 意愿→would→- may 可以→might→- can 能→could→- have 有→had→had must 必须→must→- ought 应该→ought→- do 做→did→done fordo 损毁→fordid→fordone outdo 胜过→outdid→outdone overdo 做得过分→overdid→overdone undo 取消→undid→undone underdo 不尽力→underdid→underdone see 看见→saw→seen foresee 看穿→foresaw→foreseen oversee 监督→oversaw→overseen go 去→went→gone forego 居先→forewent→foregone outgo 支出→outwent→outgone undergo 遭受→underwent→undergone eat 吃→ate→eaten outeat 多吃→outate→outeaten overeat 吃得太多→overate→overeaten wit 辩智→wist→wist 4.a--e--元音+n/辅音+en fall 落下→fell→fallen befall 发生→befell→befallen take 拿到→took→taken betake 前往→betook→betaken mistake 弄错→mistook→mistaken partake 参与→partook→partaken overtake 追上→overtook→overtaken undertake 担任→undertook→undertaken shake 摇晃→shook→shaken forsake 抛弃→forsook→forsaken wake 醒来→waked, woke→waked, woken, woke awake 唤醒→awoke→awoke, awaked get 得到 got got, gotten forget 忘记→forgot→forgotten, forgot beget 引起→begot→begotten, begot bear 忍受→bore→borne, born forbear 克制→forbore→forborne swear 发誓→swore→sworn forswear 发假誓→forswore→forsworn unswear 毁弃誓言→unswore→unsworn wear 穿着→wore→worn outwear 用旧→outwore→outworn browbeat 严斥→browbeat→browbeaten overbear 压抑→overbore→overborne tear 撕→tore→torn shear 修剪→sheared→shorn, sheared give 给予→gave→given forgive 原谅→forgave→forgiven misgive 担忧→misgave→misgiven wring 拧→wrung→wrung write 写→wrote→written overwrite 写得冗长→overwrote→overwritten underwrite 签名→underwrote→underwritten ride 骑→rode→ridden outride 冲过→outrode→outridden override 藐视→overrode→overridden stride 大踏步→strode→stridden, strid bestride 跨坐→bestrode→bestridden, bestrid, bestrode smite 打击→smote→smitten, smote drive 驾车→drove→driven overdrive 超速→overdrove→overdriven i--a--u(drink,begin,ring,sing,swim) drink 喝→drank→drunk shrink 萎缩→shrank, shrunk→shrunk, shrunken begin 开始→began→begun ring 响→rang→rung spring 弹跳→sprang, sprung→sprung sing 唱歌→sang, sung→sung swim 游泳→swam→swum 7.o--e--加n(grow,throw,know,blow) grow 成长→grew→grown outgrow 生长快→outgrew→outgrown overgrow 过度生长→overgrew→overgrown throw 投掷→threw→thrown outthrow 扔出→outthrew→outthrown overthrow 推倒→overthrew→overthrown know 知道→knew→known foreknow 预知→foreknew→foreknown blow 吹→blew→blown overblow 吹过→overblew→overblown draw 画→drew→drawn undraw 拉开→undrew→undrawn withdraw 撤退→withdrew→withdrawn overdraw 透支→overdrew→overdrawn rise 升起→rose→risen uprise 起义→uprose→uprisen weave 编织→wove→woven unweave 拆解→unwove→unwoven lie:躺下 lay lain lie: 撒谎 lied lied overlie 躺在上面→overlay→overlain underlie 位居其次→underlay→underlain slay 残杀→slew→slain fly: 飞 flew flown fly: 逃逸 fled fled overfly 飞过→overflew→overflown

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