吃货学英语【idiom-expression-word】.doc

吃货学英语【idiom+expression+word】
2011-11-07 22:43:01

这学期外教课的一大重头就是学idiom、slang，于是就学到几个有关food的。于是由于个人兴趣（你们懂的），就自己又收集了一些，如果有错误请指正，因为大部分是自己根据英文解释理解过来的，可能有时候理解错或者没看清就给翻错了。然后，有补充请留言哈。
来源有课堂、美国之音VOA、豆瓣。。。竟然整理了两天才写完。。。

中学时候就学过as cool as a cucumber，as easy as pie，not my cup of tea，a piece of cake了吧，这种简单又熟悉的就不解释了。

no sweat，基本相当于easy

bite off more than one can chew 做超出自己能力的事

couch potato，这个挺常用的，但是中国人可能 不一定熟悉，大致就是形容很爱看电视。很懒又少运动的人。。。于是一般就会长成potato那样，请自行脑补。。。

an egghead ——very intelligent person

stuff myself 吃很多东西

in a pickle—— you are in trouble or a difficult situation.（pickle大概就是泡菜那类的东东。。。）

two peas in a pod—— two people are very similar

full of beans——someone is very energetic

does not amount to a hill of beans 形容不重要的事

you don't know beans about something 对什么什么事不了解不知道

spill the beans——you tell something that was supposed to be a secret.

But something is considered small potatoes if it is not important.

hold a hot potato in your bare hands—— means a problem or issue that no one wants to deal with you cannot squeeze blood out of a turnip 大概就是说不要从别人那里要（抢）他不想给的东西

separating the wheat from the chaff ——就是取其精华，取其糟粕的英文版啦 keeping what is valuable and rejecting what is worthless.

the cream of the crop who are chosen are the best ones

forbidden fruit tastes the sweetest. ~~~~~~邪恶点翻译的话就是——偷尝禁果最刺激？

go bananas be wild with excitement or worry.

If life gives you lemons, make lemonade. 在最坏的情况下做能做的最好的事 you should always try to make the best of a bad situation

there is no use crying over spilled milk. 这个应该挺好理解吧，不解释。。。

walk on eggshells around someone。 在鸡蛋上走路，就是小心翼翼，就是不需要对某人太行为太拘束，因为他很好相处，不会轻易生气

you have to break some eggs to make an omelet. 字面理解一下，就是为了达成某个结果应该做一些必要的努力。

you are what you eat. 这句话是不是就是表达了要好好吃饭的意思啊。。。。？ Meat and potatoes ——most important part of something.

one man's meat is another man's poison. 有的人很喜欢某样东西，虽然那样东西是别人很不喜欢的

the salt of the earth形容一个人很精英，圣经里来的典故啊据说。。。。曾经盐也是很贵的东西呢

pour salt on a wound 在伤口上撒盐

take it with a grain of salt 不相信某人的话，有怀疑

brings home the bacon 就是形容家庭的顶梁柱啊

cut the mustard mustard是芥末，日本人顶喜欢的那种食物。切芥末，就是取得成功，做到最好，奇葩吧~~~~

a tall drink of water.——a man who is very tall

packed like sardines – just like small fish in a can.像沙丁鱼一样挤在公车或地铁或什么地方， plus 原来英语也有和中文一样的表达方式啊

out to lunch大概是不在状况内的意思吧 （我意思意思地翻译。不一定准

there is no such thing as a free lunch 天下没有免费的午餐

wake up and smell the coffee 比如说有时候工作上找不到失误在那，用这句就表明要更集中注意力来解决问题

I once made a big mistake at the office and felt foolish. I had egg on my face.

food for thought——something to think about.

the best thing since sliced bread. something is new and improved

breadwinner——The person who makes the most money in a family

Bread and butter issues are those that are most important to Americans and affect them directly – like jobs and health care.

Half a loaf is better than none means that getting part of what you want is better than getting nothing at all.

If you know which side your bread is buttered on, then you know what your best interests are and will act to protect them.

you're toast.——有麻烦了

Icing on the cake——something good that happens in addition to another good thing.

you can't have your cake and eat it, too.鱼和熊掌不可兼得啊。。。英语是这样表达的，记住呀

selling like hotcakes.形容卖的很火的商品

drop him like a hotcake. hotcake是很畅销的东西，但是把朋友drop like a hotcake说明他不是个值得当朋友的人，或者他做了什么不好的事，那就和他断交吧

Flat as a pancake 就是很平很平。。。平的和扁扁的pancake有是一拼（哎，说到这里想念我姐做的pancake了）

A tough cookie 形容强悍坚强的人

a sharp cookie 聪明的人.

that's the way the cookie crumbles. 这句话属于生活不顺但是只能接受的时候自我安慰的话

eat humble pie. 忍气吞声，赔礼道歉

If you have an idea or plan that is not really possible, someone might say it is pie in the sky. If something is really easy to do, you might say it is like taking candy from a baby. But that would not be a very nice thing to do!

下面是分类词汇啦啦啦啦。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 水果类（fruits）： 西红柿 tomato 菠萝 pineapple 西瓜watermelon 香蕉banana 柚子 shaddock （pomelo） 橙子orange 苹果apple 柠檬lemon 樱桃 cherry 桃子peach 梨 pear 枣Chinese date （去核枣 pitted date ） 椰子coconut 草莓 strawberry 树莓 raspberry 蓝莓 blueberry 黑莓 blackberry 葡萄 grape 甘蔗 sugar cane 芒果 mango 木瓜 pawpaw或者papaya 杏子 apricot 　油桃 nectarine 柿子persimmon 石榴pomegranate 榴莲 jackfruit 槟榔果 areca nut （西班牙产苦橙）bitter orange 猕猴桃 kiwi fruit or Chinese gooseberry 金橘cumquat 蟠桃 flat peach 荔枝 litchi 青梅greengage 山楂果 haw 水蜜桃honey peach 香瓜，甜瓜 musk melon 李子plum 杨梅 waxberry red bayberry 桂圆 longan 沙果 crab apple 杨桃starfruit 枇杷 loquat 柑橘 tangerine 莲雾wax-apple 番石榴 guava 火龙果dragon fruit ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 肉、蔬菜类（livestock家畜）： 南瓜（倭瓜） pumpkin cushaw 甜玉米 Sweet corn 牛肉beef 猪肉pork 羊肉 mutton 羔羊肉lamb 鸡肉chicken 生菜 莴苣lettuce 白菜 Chinese cabbage （celery cabbage）（甘蓝）卷心菜 cabbage 萝卜 radish 胡萝卜 carrot 韭菜leek 木耳 agarics 豌豆 pea 马铃薯（土豆） potato 黄瓜 cucumber 苦瓜 balsam pear 秋葵 okra 洋葱 onion 芹菜 celery 芹菜杆 celery sticks 地瓜 sweet potato 蘑菇 mushroom 橄榄 olive 菠菜spinach 冬瓜 （Chinese）wax gourd 莲藕 lotus root 紫菜 laver 油菜 cole rape 茄子 eggplant 香菜 caraway 枇杷loquat 青椒 green pepper 四季豆 青刀豆 garden bean 银耳 silvery fungi 腱子肉tendon 肘子 pork joint 茴香fennel（茴香油fennel oil 药用） 鲤鱼carp 咸猪肉bacon 金针蘑 needle mushroom 扁豆 lentil 槟榔 areca 牛蒡great burdock 水萝卜 summer radish 竹笋 bamboo shoot 艾蒿Chinese mugwort 绿豆mung bean 毛豆green soy bean 瘦肉 lean meat 肥肉speck 黄花菜 day lily （day lily bud） 豆芽菜 bean sprout 丝瓜 towel gourd (注：在美国丝瓜或用来做丝瓜茎loofah洗澡的，不是食用的) ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 海鲜类（sea food）： 虾仁 Peeled Prawns 龙虾 lobster 小龙虾 crayfish（退缩者） 蟹 crab 蟹足crab claws 小虾（虾米） shrimp 对虾、大虾 prawn （烤）鱿鱼（toast）squid 海参 sea cucumber 扇贝 scallop 鲍鱼 sea-ear abalone 小贝肉cockles 牡蛎oyster 鱼鳞scale 海蜇jellyfish鳖 海龟turtle 蚬 蛤 clam 鲅鱼 culter 鲳鱼 butterfish 虾籽 shrimp egg 鲢鱼 银鲤鱼chub silver carp 黄花鱼 yellow croaker ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 调料类（seasonings）： 醋 vinegar 酱油 soy 盐 salt 加碘盐 iodized salt 糖 sugar 白糖 refined sugar 酱 soy sauce 沙拉 salad 辣椒 hot（red）pepper 胡椒 （black）pepper 花椒wild pepper Chinese prickly ash powder 色拉油salad oil 调料 fixing sauce seasoning 砂糖 granulated sugar 红糖 brown sugar 冰糖 Rock Sugar 芝麻 Sesame 芝麻酱 Sesame paste 芝麻油 Sesame oil 咖喱粉curry 番茄酱（汁） ketchup redeye 辣根horseradish 葱 shallot （Spring onions） 姜 ginger 蒜 garlic 料酒 cooking wine 蚝油oyster sauce 枸杞（枇杷,欧查果 ） medlar 八角aniseed 酵母粉yeast barm 　　Yellow pepper 黄椒 肉桂 cinnamon (在美国十分受欢迎，很多事物都有肉桂料) 黄油 butter 香草精 vanilla extract(甜点必备) 面粉 flour 洋葱 onion ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 主食类（staple food）： 三文治 sandwich 米饭rice 粥 congee （rice soup） 汤 soup 饺子dumpling 面条 noodle 比萨饼 pizza 方便面 instant noodle 香肠 sausage 面包 bread 黄油 （白塔油）butter 茶叶蛋 Tea eggs 油菜 rape 饼干 cookies 咸菜（泡菜）pickle 馒头 steamed bread 饼（蛋糕）cake 汉堡 hamburger 火腿ham 奶酪 cheese 馄饨皮 wonton skin 高筋面粉 Strong flour 小麦wheat 大麦barley 青稞highland barley 高粱broomcorn （kaoliang ）春卷Spring rolls 　芋头 Taro 山药yam 鱼翅 shark fin 黄花 daylily 松花蛋 皮蛋preserved eggs 春卷 spring roll 肉馅饼minced pie 糙米 Brown rice 玉米 corn 馅儿 stuffing 开胃菜 appetizer 面粉 flour 燕麦 oat 白薯 甘薯 sweet potato牛排 steak 里脊肉 fillet 凉粉 bean jelly 糯米 江米 sticky rice 燕窝 bird's nest 粟 Chinese corn 肉丸子 meat balls 枳橙citrange 点心（中式）dim sum 淀粉starch 蛋挞 egg tart ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ （dry fruits）干果类 ： 腰果 Cashew nuts 花生 peanut 无花果fig 榛子filbert hazel 栗子chestnut 核桃 walnut 杏仁almond 果脯 preserved fruit 芋头taro 葡萄干raisin cordial 开心果 pistachion 巴西果 brazil nut 菱角,荸荠 water chestnut (和国内食用法不同，做坚果食用) ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 酒水类（beverage）： 红酒 red wine 白酒 white wine 白兰地 brandy 葡萄酒 sherry 汽水(软饮料) soda （盐）汽水sparkling water 果汁juice 冰棒 Ice-lolly 啤酒beer 酸奶 yoghurt 伏特加酒vodka 鸡尾酒cocktail 豆奶 soy milk 豆浆soybean milk 七喜 7 UP 麒麟（日本啤酒kirin） 凉开水 cold boiled water 汉斯啤酒 Hans beer 浓缩果汁 concentrated juice 冰镇啤酒 iced(chilled ) beer 札幌（日本啤酒）Sapporo 爱尔啤酒（美国）ale A级牛奶 grand A milk 班图酒bantu beer 半干雪利 dry sark 参水牛奶 blue milk 日本粗茶 bancha 生啤酒 draft beer 白啤酒 white beer <苏格兰>大麦酒barley-bree 咖啡伴侣coffee mate ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 零食类（snack）: mint 薄荷糖 cracker饼干, biscuit饼干, 棒棒糖lollipop 茶tea （沏茶 make the tea） 话梅prune candied plum 锅巴 rice crust 瓜子 melon seed 冰棒（冰果） ice（frozen） sucker 冰淇凌ice cream 防腐剂preservative 圣代冰淇淋 sundae 巧克力豆 marble chocolate barley 布丁pudding ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 与食品有关的词语（some words about food）: 炸 fired 炝 quick boiled 烩 braise （烩牛舌 braised ox tongue） 烤 roast 饱嗝 burp 饱了 饱的 full stuffed 解渴quench thirst （形容食物变坏spoil spoilage） preservative 防腐剂 expiration date 产品有效期 （形容酒品好： a good strong brew 绝味酿 ） ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 中式西式食物 中式早點： 烧饼　Clay oven rolls 油条　Fried bread stick 韭菜盒　Fried leek dumplings 水饺Boiled dumplings 蒸饺　Steamed dumplings 馒头　Steamed buns 割包　Steamed sandwich 饭团　Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼　Egg cakes 皮蛋　100-year egg 咸鸭蛋　Salted duck egg 豆浆　Soybean milk ======================================== 饭 类： 稀饭　　Rice porridge 白饭　Plain white rice 油饭 Glutinous oil rice 糯米饭　Glutinous rice 卤肉饭　Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭　Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥　Sweet potato congee ======================================== 面 类： 馄饨面 Wonton & noodles 刀削面 Sliced noodles 麻辣面Spicy hot noodles 麻酱面　Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面 Duck with noodles 鱔魚面 Eel noodles 乌龙面　Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面　Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面　Oyster thin noodles 板条　Flat noodles 米粉 Rice noodles 炒米粉　Fried rice noodles 冬粉Green bean noodle　 ======================================== 汤 类： 鱼丸汤　Fish ball soup 貢丸汤　Meat ball soup 蛋花汤　Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤　Clams soup 牡蛎汤　Oyster soup 紫菜汤　Seaweed soup 酸辣汤　Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤　Wonton soup 猪肠汤　Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤　Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤 Squid soup 花枝羹　Squid thick soup ======================================== 中餐： bear's paw 熊掌 * of deer 鹿脯 beche-de-mer; sea cucumber 海参 sea sturgeon 海鳝 salted jelly fish 海蜇皮kelp,seaweed 海带 abalone鲍鱼shark fin鱼翅scallops干贝lobster龙虾 bird's nest 燕窝 roast suckling pig 考乳猪 pig's knuckle 猪脚 boiled salted duck 盐水鸭 preserved meat 腊肉 barbecued pork 叉烧 sausage 香肠 fried pork flakes 肉松 BAR-B-Q 烤肉 meat diet 荤菜 vegetables 素菜 meat broth 肉羹 local dish 地方菜 Cantonese cuisine 广东菜 set meal 客饭 curry rice 咖喱饭 fried rice 炒饭 plain rice 白饭 crispy rice 锅巴 gruel, soft rice , porridge 粥 —noodles with gravy 打卤面 plain noodle 阳春面 casserole 砂锅 chafing dish,fire pot火锅 meat bun肉包子 shao-mai烧麦preserved bean curd 腐乳bean curd豆腐 fermented blank bean 豆豉 pickled cucumbers 酱瓜 preserved egg 皮蛋 salted duck egg 咸鸭蛋 dried turnip 萝卜干 ======================================== 西餐与日本料理： menu 菜单French cuisine法国菜 today's special 今日特餐 chef's special 主厨特餐 buffet 自助餐 fast food 快餐 specialty 招牌菜 continental cuisine 欧式西餐 aperitif 饭前酒 dim sum 点心 French fires炸薯条baked potato烘马铃薯 mashed potatoes马铃薯泥omelette 简蛋卷 pudding 布丁 pastries 甜点 pickled vegetables 泡菜 kimchi 韩国泡菜 crab meat 蟹肉 prawn 明虾 conch 海螺 escargots 田螺braised beef 炖牛肉 bacon 熏肉 poached egg 荷包蛋 sunny side up 煎一面荷包蛋 over 煎两面荷包蛋 fried egg 煎蛋 over easy 煎半熟蛋 over hard 煎全熟蛋 scramble eggs 炒蛋 boiled egg 煮蛋 stone fire pot 石头火锅 sashi 日本竹筷 sake 日本米酒 miso shiru 味噌汤 roast meat 铁板烤肉 sashimi 生鱼片 butter 奶油

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