资源描述
四、阅读理解
1．选择题
(1) （课本unit 3， 听力第二篇）
There have been changes in all sorts of different areas of British society. In recent years in the UK we have had a very large increase in the number of couples who get divorced.
After 1969 and the Divorce Law Reform Act we had a very rapid increase in the number of divorces. The rate increased steadily and in recent years has increased much more rapidly. But there are also quite a lot of people who do actually get married. At present the marriage rate in the UK is about 70 per cent, which has gone down since the number of people who marry has gone down quite a lot in the last 20 years, but more significantly in the last 10 years. Quite high proportions of people now live together without marrying, and, for example, 40 per cent of children born in the UK are born to couples who aren't married or are born to lone parents. There are quite a large number of lone parent families, 90 per cent of these are headed by a woman rather than a man.
The average family size now in the UK is 1.8 children per couple, which means that there's been quite a decline in the birth rate in the UK along with other European countries.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The declining divorce rate in the UK.
B. The declining marriage rate in the UK.
C. The increasing divorce rate in the UK.
D. Trends in marriage and divorce in the UK.
2. During the last ten years, __________.
A. the marriage rate has gone down more rapidly in the UK
B. the marriage rate has gone up a lot in the UK
C. 40% of children were born to unwed couples in the UK
D. 40% of children were born to single parents in the UK
3. According to the passage, the cohabitation rate in the UK tends to __________.
A. decline
B. soar (急剧上升)
C. stay stable
D. not mentioned in the passage
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The highest divorce rate was around 1969.
B. The marriage rate has gone down in recent years.
C. The marriage rate is currently 70 percent.
D. 90 percent of lone parent families are headed by women.
5. The last paragraph tells us __________.
A. the birth rate in the UK is increasing at the moment
B. at present any family in the UK is 2 children at most
C. the birth rate in other European countries keeps increasing
D. the birth rate in the UK is decreasing rapidly now
Key: CABAD
(2) （课本unit 5,，形考第一次作业）
An Extraordinary Change of Direction
Molly Wilson had been a dancer and a mother for many years when she decided to sail round the world to raise money for charity.
As a child she had trained as a ballet dancer, but at 15 she had grown too tall for classical ballet, so she became a member of a pop dance team.
She got married, and after she had children she retired from show business to bring them up. They grew up, and when they were 18 they left home.
She says, “When I decided to do the round-the-world race, my husband thought I was bored because the children had left home. He was also worried because I had never sailed before. I was not bored, but I had met some people who told me about the race.
They had taken part in it, but they had only done one section, say, from New Zealand to Australia. I wanted to do the whole ten-month journey.”
Before Molly left she did a lot of training, but it hadn’t prepared her for the worst weather which they experienced. She tells one story. “One night the sea was very rough and it was very cold. I had gone downstairs when a huge wave smashed into the boat and injured two men on the deck. One of the men couldn’t move because he had broken his leg. They were taken to hospital by helicopter. That was the worst time.”
By the end of October last year, she had raised more than £50,000 for charity.
She says, “Sometimes I ask myself, what did I do? How did I do it? But then I think, it’s the same as being a dancer. Before I left on the trip, I had trained hard. I had got very fit and had prepared myself completely. Then on the trip I was simply a good team member.”
1. What does the word “extraordinary” mean in the title?
A. very ordinary
B. very unusual and surprising
C. not special
D. extreme
2. The sentence “…my husband thought I was bored …” in Para. 4 meant that my husband thought I felt_________.
A. dissatisfied because I had nothing better to do at home
B. annoyed because I had to wait long for my children to come back home
C. happy because I could do something I was interested in instead of taking care of children
D. sad because all the children left me when they grew up
3. The word “section” in Para. 4 most probably means here _________.
A. group of people
B. part of the training
C. part of the route of sail
D. part of the job
4. Which of the following is nearest (closest) in meaning to “rough” in the sentence “One night the sea was very rough …” in Para. 5?
A. not exact
B. difficult
C. not smooth because of huge waves
D. pleasant
5. The last paragraph suggests that _________.
A. the qualities she needed for the trip were the same as those for a dancer
B. many years of dancing had already prepared her for the sail completely, so she needn’t do anything before the journey
C. she should be kind to other team members during the trip
D. she should not forget dancing during the trip
Key: BACCA
（3）（课本unit 8，形考第二次作业）
Did you know there are some very special dogs doing good work in our hospital wards? These are PAT 2 (Pets As Therapy) dogs. Doctors and nurses are recognising the benefits of pets more and more — particularly for children, people with mental illnesses and elderly people who are separated from their own pets or have had to give up their pets.
Stroking and playing with a pet is a calming experience and something to look forward to. One hospital reported that a man with a mental illness, who hadn't spoken for years, first stroked and played with a visiting dog and then started talking to it.
Today, around 4,500 dogs and 50 cats and their volunteer owners are at work in the UK bringing comfort and pleasure to over 100,000 people in hospital.
There are many other ‘working dogs’5. There are guard dogs, police dogs, hunting dogs and dogs for the blind. Disabled people benefit greatly. Take the case of Alan Smythe6, who has to visit hospital every month. Some things7 are difficult for him because he is in a wheelchair. But his life has altered dramatically since he got a dog, Tess, from the charity 'Dogs for the Disabled'. ‘She helps me to get dressed, and she brings me my socks and shoes. She fetches the newspaper from the shop, and she passes me the phone when it rings. I feel so much better too. It's like having a really good friend. She comes with me to hospital. Once, she saved my life. I am a diabetic and one day my blood sugar level dropped, and when I was going into a coma she went next door and she alerted my neighbour. He gave me an insulin injection.’
1. Doctors and nurses think pets are particularly helpful for ______________.
A) children
B) people with mental illnesses
C) old people who can’t live with their pets or have to give up their pets
D) all of the above people
2. Today __________ people in hospital get the help of dogs and cats and their owners.
A) 4,500 B) 50 C) 100,000 D) 10,000
3. Alan got the dog from ___________.
A) the hospital B) the charity C) a shop D) his friend
4. Which of the following that Tess CAN NOT help Alan do?
A) Get dressed B) bring socks and shoes
C) pass the phone when it rings D) buy newspaper from the shop
5. When Alan was going to a coma, Tess went to his _______’s home for help.
A) neighbour B) doctor C) friend D) daughter
Key: 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. All the dogs are allowed into the hospitals to visit the patients.
B. Only some special dogs can help the patients feel better.
C. Doctors and nurses doubt if pets can bring comfort to the patients.
D. Doctors and nurses are aware pets will bring benefits to all the patients.
2. Pets are particularly beneficial to the following EXCEPT ______________.
A. children
B. people with mental illnesses
C. the elderly people who live alone
D. the elderly people who have to live apart from their pets
3. The first sentence of Para. 2 suggests ____________.
A. touching and playing with a pet makes people nervous and anxious
B. pets can make people become quiet and attentive
C. people feel uncomfortable when they touch and play with a pet
D. people feel relaxed and hopeful when they touch and play with a pet
4. The dog helps Alan do the following EXCEPT_________.
A. She helps her get dressed
B. She accompanies her to the hospital
C. She gets the newspaper for her
D. She picks up the phone for her
5. The sentence “when I was going to a comma…”means that _________.
A. when I got hungry…
B. when I felt asleep…
C. when I became unconscious…
D. when I fell down on the floor…
Key: 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C
（4）（课本unit 9）
Who will stage the games?
Preparing for the Olympics Games is a huge undertaking. Just like the athletes, the host city spends years getting ready for the event. Before deciding which city will host the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has to examine bids from all over the world. Bidding for the games begins about ten years in advance. Without preparing a very strong bid1, a city will not win the competition to host the games. Beijing was chosen for the 2008 games from five bidders — Osaka, Paris, Toronto and Istanbul.2
Why does it take so long to prepare?
Building the infrastructure costs huge amounts of money. Holding the World Cup in 2002 in Japan and South Korea, for example, meant that ten new stadiums had to be built, as well as many hotels and an improved transport system. In Beijing, after winning the bid the government began major construction projects — the extension of the underground, the improvement of the airport and the building of new motorways3. Each host city must also build an Olympic village for the athletes. By planting trees and creating parks, the city becomes more attractive for tourists.
Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?
Hosting the games has a major effect on the economy and brings international prestige to the country. Thousands and thousands of visitors come to the games and the host cities are permanently improved.
1. Bidding for the Olympic Games usually starts ____________ before the games are really held.
A. two years B. eight years C. one year D. ten years
2. Beijing was one of the _______ bidders for the 2008games.
A. four B. five C. ten D. three
3. The World Cup 2002 was held in _____________.
A. Japan B. South Korea C. China D. A and B
4. What construction projects did Beijing start after winning the bid?
A. The extension of the underground. B. The improvement of the airport.
C. The building of new motorways D. All of the above
5. Why do countries want to host the Olympic Games?
A. Because it has a major effect on the economy.
B. Because it brings international prestige to the country.
C. Because the host cities are permanently improved.
D. All of the above.
Key: 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. D
(5) （课本unit 16）
Crime Prevention Initiatives
The chances that you will be a victim of violent crime are low. But you can avoid risk in the following ways.
AT HOME
• You should make sure your house or flat is secure. Always lock the door from the inside at night, but you must keep the key nearby, so that you can use it to get out quickly if there is a fire.
• You must never give keys to workmen as they can easily make copies.
• If you wake up and hear a burglar, stay quietly in bed. Pretend you are asleep. If you feel more confident, switch on the light and make a lot of noise; even if you are on your own you should call out loudly to an imaginary companion, so that the burglar thinks you are not alone and runs away. You should have a phone or a mobile in your bedroom to alert the police immediately.
• If you come home and think you see signs of a break-in, you shouldn’t go in, the burglar may be inside. You should go to a neighbour and call the police.
ON THE STREET
At night:
• Always walk facing the traffic, so that a car cannot pull up behind you.
• You mustn’t go through parks or woods.
• If you think someone is following you, cross the road one or two times. If he or she continues to follow you, go to a pub or other public place.
• Always carry your bag close to you, but carry your house keys in your pocket so that you can open the door quickly. If someone attacks you - remember your safety is more important than your property.
1. This passage mainly focuses on ________.
A. how to avoid the crimes both at home and in the street
B. where to stay if you want to be safe
C. what you should do at home if there is a burglary
D. how to avoid the crime at night in the street
2. If you want to guarantee you are secure at home, you should _________.
A. always lock the door and put the key in a secret place far away from the door
B. never leave the keys to workmen since they can easily make copies
C. keep silent all the time even if you are on your own when a burglar steals into your house
D. go in immediately when you suspect (怀疑) someone is breaking into your house
3. Based on the passage, if you notice someone following you, it’s better for you to _________.
A. shout loudly
B. go to public places
C. stop, turn around and look at him
D. run quickly
4. Why should you have a telephone in the bedroom?
A. Because we might use it to alert the burglary.
B. Because it’s convenient for us to talk to our friends while lying on bed.
C. Because it’s convenient for us to report to the police in case there is a burglary.
D. Because it we might use it to make a phone call at midnight.
5. From the passage, we can infer that we might be victims if _________.
A. we cannot part with the money when being attacked
B. we always walk facing the traffic
C. we don’t walk in the empty street
D. we carry too much cash
Key: ABBCA
6) （课本unit 17，形考第三次作业）
Benjamin Disraeli, the famous nineteenth century prime minister, said, “London is not a city, it is a nation.” Today this is an understatement; London, with its vast range of different ethnic groups, is a world.
Certainly, London is the most culturally diverse city in the world. The city was founded by the Romans and since then new arrivals have constantly added to its character and prosperity.
Within 10 years 40% of Londoners will be from ethnic minority groups, including the growing number of Londoners of mixed ethnic origin, but most of them will have been born in Britain. Children of Caribbean-Chinese marriages will go to
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