名词实战演练及练习.doc

                      第二节 实战演练
一、复习时需注意的要点
1、有些名词形式像复数，但含义是单数，而有些名词是没有单数形式的，应注意谓语动词的选用。
例如：Maths is the language of science．
No news is good news．
The Chinese people are a great people．
2、集体名词用作整体时，谓语动词要用单数。如用作整体中的各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数。
例如：His family is a big one .
His family are fond of music.
3、在“there be”的句子中，谓语动词的数应和其最近的主语的数相一致。例如：
例如：There are two pictures on the wall．
There is a cat and two dogs in the garden．
4、表示两者共有关系时，只需在最后一个名词后加’s；表示几个并列名词的各自所有关系时，必须在每个名词后加“’s”。
例如：Li Ping and Li Ying’s father . 李平和李英的父亲.
Li Ping’s and Li Ying’s fathers . 李平的父亲和李英的父亲.
二、历届高考试题分析
例1、The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _______ pictures of them.
A. many of      B. masses of     C. the number of      D. a large amount of
【解析】  此题考查可数名词和不可数名词表示不定量意义的限定词。many修饰可数名词复数时不用of，或者在of后面加the,故A不可选。number用来表示大量，很多时，应为a number of，故C也不可选，a large amount of用来修饰不可数名词，而picture是可数名词，故D也不可选。B项masses of是非正式的表达方式，后跟可数名词。答案为B。
例2、He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ____ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A. temper   B. appearance   C. talent   D. character
【解析】  temper脾气；appearance外表；talent天赋，才能；character 性格。答案：D
例3、One of the consequences of our planet's being warned up is a (n) ________ in the number of natural disasters.
A. result         B. account         C. reason         D. increase
【解析】  result意为结果；account意为数量；reason意为理由，原因；increase意为增加。原句是说地球升温造成的后果之一是(增加)了自然灾害的数量。只有填increase比较合适，而其他几个词则无法讲通。答案为D。
例4、Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their_________, some people drink alcohol.
A. temper         B. mood         C. consciousness         D. pressures
【解析】  lose one's temper意为发脾气;mood意为心境，情绪；consciousness意为清醒，意识。第一句说“在城市生活很困难”。所以应是“为了缓解压力”。答案为D。
例5、The  ________ is just around the corner and you won't miss it. A. bicycle's shop    B. bicycle shop    C. bicycles shop   D. bicycles' shop
【解析】  名词做定语如表示所属关系有两种情况：①有生命的东西的名词要加's；②无生命的东西通常用of。名词做定语如不表示所有关系，往往只用名词单数形式。表示商店的用途要用名词单数修饰shop。译文：自行车商店就在拐角处，你不会错过它。答案为B。
例6、 His daughter is always shy in  ________and she never dares to make a speech to  ________. A. the public; the public              B. public; the public
C. the public; public                D. public; public
【解析】  In public的意思是“在公众场合”；the public的意思是“公众”。译文：他女儿在公众场合很害羞，她从来没有对公众做过报告。答案为B。
例7、What he has done is far from ________.
A. satisfactory         B. satisfied      C. satisfaction      D. satisfy
【解析】 句中from是介词，后接名词。译文：他所做的事离满意还差得远。satisfactory是形容词，意思是“令人满意的”；satisfied是过去分词，可作为形容词使用，意思是“感到满意的”；satisfy是动词，意思是“使……满意”。答案为C。
例8、Chinese arts have won the _____ of a lot of people outside China.
A. enjoyment    B. appreciation    C. entertainment    D. reputation
【解析】 本题考察名词。根据句意“中国艺术已经赢得了许多外国人的欣赏”。选项A“enjoyment（乐趣）”和选项C“entertainment（娱乐）”以及D“reputation名声”均不符合句意。答案为B。
例9、The environmentalists said wild goats’ _____ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.
A. attendance    B. escape    C. absence    D. appearance
【解析】 本题考察名词。根据句意“环境保护论者说也山羊在大草原上出现是环境得到改善的好兆头”，选项D符合句意。答案为D。
例10、—I'm sorry I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired.
—There is no ___________ for this while you are on duty.
A. reason      B. excuse         C. cause      D. explanation
【解析】  考查名词辨析。excuse理由、借口。说话人意为：你在值班的时候是没有任何理由出去的。reason原因；cause事情起因；explanation解释，与句意不符。答案为B。
例11. It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science.
(NMET  2001)
A.an art much as             B.much an art as
C.as an art much as           D.as much an art as
【解析】当名词前有what、so、as、too、quite等词修饰时，其形容词被这些词修饰，组成下列结构，如：What a nice book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike.等，应采取too/how + 形容词（副词）+ a(an) + 名词的形式。要记住一些类似的特殊结构，并加以分析。答案为D。
例12. The police are offering a __________to anyone who can give information about the lost key.（NMET  1999）
A.price         B.prize         C.reward         D.money
【解析】price 价格，价钱；prize奖金。Ｄ项是钱，属不可数名词，题中所要填的是“酬金，报酬”。注意正确理解名词的含义及其搭配是活用语言的基础，在复习备考中要熟练掌握考纲中一些名词的词义、搭配、习惯等，才能更好辨析名词，从而选择最符合句意的选项。答案为C。
例13.You’ll find this map of great ______in helping you to get round London.
A.price          B.cost         C.value          D.usefulness
【解析】本题考查特定语境中名词的词义及“be of + 抽象名词”结构。Price (价格)，cost（价钱，费用，成本）不符合题意，value作“quality of being useful or desirable”解时，常与of搭配，在句中作表语或补语，意为“有用，有价值”。故选择value。注意名词词义辨异及惯用法表达，题中“of + 抽象名词”相当于该名词的形容词形式。答案为C。

                              第三节 巩固练习
高考题:
1．(2006全国卷2)11. It is no _______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.
A. use B. help C. time D. way
2．(2006上海春)41. Put the ___ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.
A. tip    B. top     C. peak     D. pole
3．(2006天津卷)15. Finding information in today’s world is easy. The         is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.
A. ability        B. competition      C. challenge        D. knowledge
4．(2006辽宁卷)32.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous          .
A. states  B. conditions   C. situations   D. positions
5．(2006江西卷)28．It is said that dogs will keep you _________ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
    A. safety    B. company    C. house    D．friend
6．(2006福建卷)35.Always read the _______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
A. explanations      B. instructions             C. descriptions       D. introductions
7．(2006湖北卷)21. To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses.
    A. strengths       B. benefits     C. techniques      D. values
8．(2006湖北卷)23. The ______on his face told me that he was angry.
    A. impression     B. sight    C. appearance      D. expression
9．(2006湖北卷)24.  At the meeting they discussed three different ______to the study of mathematics.
     A. approaches      B. means         C. methods        D. ways
10．(2006广东卷)34. You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of           .
     A. date           B. shape       C. order         D. balance
11．(2006浙江卷)17. --- If you like I can do some shopping for you.
              --- That’s a very kind ________.
   A. offer B. service     C. point    D. suggestion
12．(2006北京卷)23. She went to the bookstore and bought _________.
   A. dozen books    B. dozens books   C. dozen of books   D. dozens of books
13. (’06上海) When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ____ was the fear of water.
A. evidence     B. crisis       C. obstacle    D. danger
14. (’06福建) Always read the ____ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanations    B. instructions  C. descriptions   D. introductions
15. (’06湖北) To make members of a team perform better, the
trainer first of all has to know their ____ and weaknesses.
A. strengths     B. benefits    C. techniques    D. values
16. (’06辽宁) Of all ____ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was ____ most important one.A. the; a   B. /; a    C. /; the     D. the; the
17. (’06辽宁) School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous ____.
A. states       B. conditions  C. situations    D. positions
18. (’06山东) For him ____ stage is just ____ means of making a living.
A. a; a         B. the; a      C. the; the      D. a; the
19. (’06山东) A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which ____ will promote its economic development.A. in nature  B. in return  C. in turn      D. in fact
20. (’06陕西) According to ____ World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent ____ spread of AIDS.A. the; /    B. the; the C. a; a     D. /; the
21. (’06浙江) We always keep ____ spare paper, in case we run out.
A. too much   B. a number of   C. plenty of              D. a good many
22.We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ___.(NMET1997 38)
　　A. fact　　  B. reality 　　 C. practice 　　 D. deed
23.We've missed the last bus. I'm afraid we have no ____but to take a taxi.(Met 1993 ,33)
　　A. way 　　 B. choice　　 C. possibility 　　 D. selection
24.He dropped the ___and broke it . (Met 1993, 38)
　　A. cup of coffee 　　 B. coffee's cup 　　 C. cup for coffee　　 D. coffee cup
25.Here's my card. Let's keep in ____. (NMET1994 ,33)
　　A. touch 　　 B. relation　　 C. connection 　　 D. friendship
26.He gained his ___by printing ___of famous writers.(NMET1995,40)
　　A. wealth; work 　  B. wealths ; works 　 
C. wealths; work 　 D. wealth; works
27.I'll look into the matter as soon as possible , just have a little ___.(MET 1996 ,10)
　　A. wait 　　 B. time 　　 C. patience D. rest
28.If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask them to leave a ____.(NMET1997,18)
　　A. message 　　 B. letter 　　 C. sentence 　　D. notice
29.These football players had no strict ___until they joined our club. (1997.上海 20)
　　A. practice 　　 B. education 　　C. exercise 　　 D. training
30.Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ___.(1996.上海.15)
　　A. energy 　　  B. source 　　  C. power 　　  D. material
31.You'll find this map of great __in helping you to get round London.(NMET 1998 21)
　　A. price 　　  B. cost 　　  C. value 　　 D. usefulness
32.We all know that ___speak louder than words.(1999.上海 24)
　　A. movements 　 B. performances 　 C. operations 　　 D. actions
33.My parents always let me have my own ____of living. (1999.上海25)
　　A. way 　　 B. method　　  C. manner 　　  D. fashion
34.The new law will come into ___on the day it is passed. (1999上海)
　　A. effect　　 B. use　　 C. service 　　 D. existence
Keys:    1-5AACCB  6-10BADAB  11-15 ADCBA    16-20.DCBCB  21-25.CCBDA
26-30DCADA  31~34 CDAA

模拟题一
1. The ____ of the room were covered with ____.
A. roofs, leafs B. roofs, leaves C. rooves, leafs D. rooves, leaves
2. There are three ____ in our factory.
A. woman doctors B. women doctors
C. woman doctor D. women doctor
3. Which do you prefer ____ or ____?
A. potatos, tomatos B. potatos, tomatoes
C. potatoes, tomatos D. potatoes, tomatoes
4. They are ____ of different presses(出版社). Now they are having a meeting in one of the ____ office.
A. editor-in-chiefs, editors-in-chief’s B.editors-in-chief, editor-in-chief’s
C. editors-in-chiefs, editor’s-in-chief’s D. editors-in-chief, editors-in-chief’s
5. The ant has two ____.
A. stomaches B. stomacks C. stomach D. stomachs
6. He doesn’t like ____ for supper.
A. chick B. chicken C. chickens D. chicks
7. It was ____ hot weather that many of us went swimming.
A. so B. such C. so as D. such a
8. ____ wonderful space they saw on the room!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
9. We know ____ travels not so fast as light.
A. sound B. sounds C. the sounds D. a sound
10. My family raise a lot of ____, including two ____.
A. cattle, cows B. cows, cattle
C. cattles, cows D. cow, cattles
11. A number of soldiers ____ at he camp gate（军营门口）.
A. have gathered B. has gathered C. is D. was
12. The Browns have spent a large ____ of money on their new car.
A. deal B. amount C. number D. size
13. ____ work has been done to improve the people’s living standard.
A. Many B. A great many
C. A great deal of D. A number of
14. Mr Li shook ____ warmly with a friend.
A. hand B. a hand C. hands D. the hands
15. Two ____, please.
A. coffee B. coffees C. cup of coffee D. cups coffee
16. I can’t pay as ____ as he asked for.
A. high price a B. high price
C. a high price D. high a price
17. ____ knowledge of space develops rapidly.
A. Man’s B. Men’s C. Mens’ D. Person’s
18.I stayed at ____.
A. Xiao Wang’s B. Wang’s home C. the Wangs D. home of Wang
19. Sister Carrie works in a ____ factory.
A. shoes B. shoses C. shoe D. shoe’s
20. Have you ever read ____?
A. today newspaper B. newspaper today
C. newspaper of today D. today’s newspaper
21. Two ____ walk didn’t made me tired.
A. hour B. hours C. hour’s D. hours’
22. The mother over there is ____ mother.
A. Julia and Mary B. Julia and Mary’s C. Julia’s and Mary’s D. Julia’s and Mary
23. Li Ming’s handwriting is better than ____ in the class.
A. anyone’s B. anyone else C. anyone’s else’s D. anyone else’s
24. The children are playing ____ on the ____.
A. sand, sand B. sands, sands
C. sand, sands D. sands, sand
25. If these trousers are too big, buy a smaller ____.
A. set B. one C. copy D. pair
26. Tom usually takes a ____ in bus on rainy days.
A. walk B. ride C. trip D. travel
27. We have no ____ about where she has gone.
A. information B. news C. message D. flash
28. Food and ____ are daily necessities（需要）for the people.
A. cloth B. clothe C. clothes D. clothing
29. My ____ of hearing is not so good as it used to be.
A. strength B. sense C. power D. skill
30. The ____ caused by carelessness ____ yesterday. Many workers were killed.
A. incident, was happened B. matter, happened
C. event, was taken place D. accident, took place
31. The room was so quiet that she could hear the ____ of her heart.
A. beating B. ways C. knocking D. striking
32. ____ has been told not to throw waste things anywhere.
A. The public B. People C. Women D. Man
33. He was an ____ in the government ____.
A. office, official B. official, office
C. officer, office D. official, officer
34. There are several ____ in this novel who are different in ____.
A. character, character B. characters, characters
C. character, characters D. characters, character
35. We visited him ____ when he was in hospital.
A. every other days B. each other day
C. every other day D. every two day
36. My friend will return in ____.
A. one day or two B. a day or two
C. one day or two D. a or two days
37. ____ is always difficult for me.
A. Translation B. Translate
C. The translation D. A translation
38. ____ of this novel is excellent, quite to my surprise.
A. Translation B. Translate C. The translation D. A translation
39. The police ____ looking into the matter now.
A. be B. is C. are D. are going to
40. The Chinese are ____ brave and hard working people.
A. the B. a C. / D. one
41. No news ____ good news.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
42. Maths still ____ very difficult for me, though I have done my best.
A. looks B. seems C. is D. are
43. “Where ____ my trousers?” the boy asked.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
44. How happy they are! Obviously, they are ____.
A. in nice spirits B. in nice spirit C. in high spirits D. in high spirit
45. I saw many ____ seated in the corner reading something.
A. Japanese B. Japaneses
C. of Japanese D. of Japaneses
46. Father went to his doctor for ____ about his heart trouble.
A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices
47. We are ____ and they are ____.
A. Englishmen, Germans B. Englishmen, German
C. Englishmans, Ge