2023年同等学力申请硕士英语真题.doc

2０２３年同等学力申请硕士学位英语真题
Papeｒ One

Pａｒｔ Ｉ Diａloｇue Cｏmｍunｉcａtion　(1０ mｉｎutes, １０　pointｓ, 1 for ｅach)
Secｔｉoｎ A　　　Ｄialｏｇue Ｃompｌｅｔｉon
Dirｅctｉonｓ：Ｉｎ　tｈis seｃtion, yｏu wｉll reａd 5　sｈort ｉｎｃoｍplｅtｅ ｄialoguｅs betweeｎ two　speakｅrs, ｅach fｏｌlｏwｅd bｙ　４　choiｃｅｓ ｍａｒkｅd Ａ， Ｂ, C aｎｄ D． Choｏse　the　answer　ｔｈat bｅsｔ　suits　the sｉtｕation　ｔo　compｌete　thｅ dialogｕe ｂy　markiｎｇ thｅ cｏrrｅspondｉｎg　letter　ｗｉth　a sｉnglｅ　ｂaｒ acrosｓ ｔｈe ｓquare bｒaｃkets　oｎ　yｏur machine-scｏring　ＡNSWER SHEET.

1. A: Dａvid saiｄ he　bｏuｇｈt a ｎeｗ BMW for　￡5,０00!
B: ＿_＿_＿_ Soundｓ prｅtty　chｅap tｏ mｅ!
A:　Ｗeｌl, thaｔ’s what ｈe sａid．
A. Are yｏu　sｕrｅ？ 　 　 　B. Cｏme tｏ tｈｉnk oｆ it.
C. Do yoｕ　thｉnk so?　 　 Ｄ．　Ｉs he　craｚy?

2. A： We ｊusｔ　came back from Phoeｎiｘ. Anｄ we had the besｔ ｖacatiｏn iｎ years.
Ｂ： __＿＿_＿＿I’m　ｇlad tｏ hear it．　
A． Oh， my gooｄness! 　　 　　 B. Ｈow was iｔ？
Ｃ. Ｏｈ, therｅ you　go ａgaｉn．　 　　 D． Good ｆor ｙou.

3. A: Ｉ just　ｃan’ｔ staｎｄ　thｉｓ ｃlａss aｎy more!
Ｂ: __＿＿__＿It’ｓ requirｅd， and you have　tｏ sit in it in ｏｒdｅr to graｄuａｔe.
A. Ｗell,　whｙ noｔ ｊｕst drｏp ouｔ oｆ it?
B. Whｙ, ｙou cａn say　ｔhat ａgａｉn!
C. Well, yｏｕ miｇhｔ as weｌl geｔ usｅd ｔo it.　
D. Wｈy, I　ｃoｕlｄn’t agree ｍorｅ!

4. Ａ: Ｉ don’ｔ ｋｎoｗ　aｂｏuｔ you， ｂut I thouｇｈt ｔhat　ｆilm waｓ terｒific.
Ｂ:　___＿＿__ Thｅ action was　grｅat,　and so　ｗas the　mｕsｉｃ
A. Jｕst　tｈe same.　 　 　 B. I’m ｗｉtｈ　ｙou ｔｈere.
Ｃ. More or less．　 Ｄ. I sｕre do.

5. Ａ： Dan gａve me a ｆｒee　ride　hｏmｅ， but I paid ｆoｒ ｔhe　gas.
Ｂ：　Yoｕ know what ｔhｅy　ｓaｙ, ＿＿__＿_＿＿_
A.　ｔheｒe’ｓ nｏ free lunｃh． 　 　 B. ｄoｎ’t biｔe off　more thａｎ　yｏｕ ｃａn cheｗ.
C. oｎe goｏd ｔurｎ　deserves another. 　 Ｄ． it’s　whｏ you ｋｎow that ｃｏunts.

Ｓｅｃtion B Ｄｉalｏｇue Ｃoｍprehensiｏｎ
Dｉrｅctioｎs: In tｈiｓ sectioｎ, you　will ｒｅad　5 short conveｒｓatioｎs betｗeｅn ａ man ａnd a womａｎ. Ａt tｈe ｅnd ｏｆ each convｅｒsaｔiｏn　theｒe　ｉs a quesｔioｎ ｆollowed　ｂy 4　choiｃes　marked A,　B,　C and D． Chｏosｅ the　best answeｒ ｔo　the ｑuestiｏn ｆrom　ｔhe 4 cｈoｉces　giｖeｎ　by ｍarking ｔｈe corrｅspondinｇ letter witｈ ａ sｉnglｅ　baｒ acrosｓ ｔｈe ｓquａrｅ ｂｒａcketｓ on　yoｕr macｈine-scｏrinｇ　ANSWEＲ SHEＥT.

6. Ｗoman: I’ｄ ratｈer nｏt　taｌk　aboｕt ｉt. Jusｔ doｎ’t ask.
Ｍan： Come on. I　tｈinｋ you　need to ｌｅｔ　ｏff ｓoｍe stｅaｍ
Ｑｕeｓtiｏn: What does ｔｈe man ａdviｓe ｔｈe woman tｏ ｄo？
A. Ｔo talｋ to ｈim about the　ｐrobｌｅm.
B. To kｅｅp the　secｒｅt.
C. Tｏ reduce ｔｈe ｗorkｌoａd.
D. To ｈａｖe a gooｄ ｒeｓt.

7. Wｏman:　Juliｅ’s dress lｏｏks　ｆuｎny. Ｔｈat styｌe went ouｔ ｌａst yｅaｒ.
Ｍan：　Ｏｈ, ｃoｍe on, as loｎg as it looks　goｏd on her.
Qｕestioｎ：　Whaｔ　does　thｅ man　trｙ to　emｐhａｓizｅ?
A. Julie’ｓ ｄreｓｓ　iｓ not outdａted．
B. Julie’s drｅsｓ dｏes nｏt suｉt　hｅr.
C. Jｕliｅ should fｏlloｗ the ｆashion．
D. Juliｅ looks fｉne ｉn ｔｈaｔ ｄress．

8. Ｍａｎ:　Ｗhat ｋiｎd of snackｓ　dｏ　ｙou ｐrefｅr?
Womaｎ: Oｈ, I’ve　ｇot ａ sweeｔ tooth,　you ｋnoｗ.
Ｑuestiｏn: Ｗｈat does ｔhe womaｎ prｏbabｌy　lｉke?
A．　Sａndwich. 　 　 　　 　B. Hot dogs．
C. Ice cream. 　 　 D.　Ｐｏｔatｏ chips．

9． Woman： Ｉ’m　ｔｉrｅd of dｒiving all ｔhｅ way to　worｋ anｄ　bａck every ｄay. Ｉf onｌy cars coulｄ driｖe ｔhｅmsｅlves！
　Man: Ｗｅll， ｓome ｃaｒ manufacturers ａre working ｏn them, I guｅｓs yoｕ’ll sｏon buｙ one　ｉf you cａn　ａｆford ｉt.
　 Ｑuestioｎ： Ｗhat ｄｏeｓ　the man iｍply？
A. The wｏmａn will be able　to buy　ａn　inteｌligent ｃar.
B. Cａrs ｔhaｔ driｖｅ thｅmｓelves mａy　be very　expensive.
C. He ｉs working ｗｉtｈ a ｃar pｒoduｃｅｒ on　ｉntｅlligｅnｔ ｃars．
D. Drivｉng to work is reallｙ a hｅaｄache.

10. Ｍan: Aｎｎｉe, hoｗ　ｄoeｓ iｔ not　eｖen ｃross　youｒ ｍind that yoｕ　might ｗaｎt a futuｒe with someonｅ?
Ｗomaｎ: Ｉｔ’ｓ ｓimple. Ｉ don’t mｉｎｄ　ｂeing marriｅd to my cａreｅr.
Qｕｅsｔion: Wｈat’s　Ａｎnie’ｓ ａttitｕｄe towards ｈer　ｆｕture？
A. She will stａｙ with somｅoｎe unｍaｒried.
B. She　ｗill lｉve ａ sｉmplｅ lｉfe.
C. She will　ｑｕit hｅｒ job ｔｏ ｇet　mａrriｅd．
D. Sｈe　will fully foｃus　ｏｎ　ｈer　job.

Paｒt II 　 Ｖocaｂuｌaｒｙ (20 mｉnuｔes, 10pointｓ，0.5　foｒ eacｈ )
Sｅction　A
Ｄiｒｅｃtｉoｎs: Ｉn this seｃtion tｈere aｒe 10 ｓeｎtｅncｅs， eａch wｉth ｏｎe word or phｒａｓe　uｎｄｅrlined.　Cｈoose the ｏｎe from the 4 choiｃes　mａrkｅｄ A， B, C anｄ　D　ｔｈat best keepｓ thｅ ｍｅaning of thｅ senteｎce. Tｈen mark tｈe ｃｏrrespondiｎg leｔter with a siｎgｌｅ bar acrosｓ ｔｈe squaｒｅ　brａckets oｎ ｙｏur　maｃhine-sｃoring AＮSWER SＨＥET．

11. Tｈe nｅwｓ ｒｅportｓ compｌeｔeｌy ovｅrlooｋｅd the moｒｅ profｏｕｎｄ　poｌiticaｌ iｍplｉｃａtioｎｓ　oｆ tｈe eｖents．
　 A.　neｇleｃteｄ 　　　 　 B.　fｏｒesaｗ
　C.　exｐlorｅd　　 　 Ｄ．　asseｓｓed

12. Teaｃhers　ａnd nurｓes ｗho deａｌ wｉtｈ children are obliｇｅd ｔo rｅｐort cａseｓ of suspeｃｔed　ｃｈild abｕｓe tｏ authorities．
　 A.　reminｄed　 B. eｘｐｅcted
　　 C． comｐｅlled 　 D. ｒeqｕested

13. Youｒ　graｄe wiｌl bｅ bａsed in large part　on the originaｌiｔｙ ｏｆ ｙoｕr iｄeas．
　 　　A. creatｉｖity 　 　 B. populａrｉｔy
C. feasibilｉty　 　 　 D. flexiｂilitｙ

14. We ｓuｓpeｃt there ｉs a qｕitｅ ｄelibeｒate　ａtｔempt to ｓabotage　ｔhe eleｃtｉonｓ aｎd underｍine　thｅ eｌectｏraｌ cｏmmissioｎ.
　 A. conscｉous 　 　 B. desperaｔe
Ｃ．　ｃluｍsｙ 　 　 D. iｎtentional

15. So strａnge were ｔｈｅ circｕmstａncｅｓ oｆ　my ｓtｏry that Ｉ　can sｃarｃely　belieｖe myｓeｌf ｔo　have ｂeｅn a　pａrty　to ｔhem.
　　 A. jｕst 　 　 　Ｂ．　ｈardｌｙ
　　C.　almｏｓｔ　 　 　 　 D. definｉtely

1６.　Sｍoke ｐarticｌes　aｎd　other ａiｒ pｏlｌutants　ａｒe ｏｆten tｒａpｐeｄ　iｎ the atｍoｓphere，　tｈus foｒmｉｎg diｒｔｙ fog.
A.　constraineｄ 　　 B. cauｇht
Ｃ.　conｃealed 　 　　 D. concenｔrated

17． Employees iｎ chemicaｌ factories arｅ ｅｎtｉｔleｄ　tｏ reｃｅive extｒａ ｐay for　dｏｉnｇ hazａrdouｓ work．
　 A. poisｏｎous 　　 　B. difficult
　C. danｇｅrous　 　　　 　　　 D. ｈaｒｍｆul

1８． Curt Ｃarlson,　tｈe　wealthiesｔ　man　ｉn Minnesoｔa,　ｏｗｎed ａ　hotel　and traｖeｌ ｃｏmpany with　sａles　reａｃhing　in　ｔhe　neighboｒhoｏd oｆ　$9 bｉｌｌioｎ.
　 A． prｅciseｌy 　 B. mｅrely
　 C.　subsｔａｎｔialｌｙ 　 D. apprｏximately

19. Thｅ tendency of　thｅ humａn　body tｏ rejｅct forｅigｎ　ｍattｅr is tｈe mａｉｎ　ｏbstaclｅ　ｔo sｕccｅssfｕl organ ｔｒaｎspｌantatiｏn.
A. facｔｏｒ　 　　 B． constituent
　 　 Ｃ．　barｒier 　 　 　　D. ｂreak

20. Ｗhｅnｅvｅr yｏu　neeｄ　Tｏm, he is alwａｙs thｅｒe whethｅｒ it ｂe　ａｎ eａｒ or a ｈeｌｐing hａｎd,　so yｏu　caｎ　alｗays ｌeａn　ｏｎ hiｍ
A. counｔ on 　 　 Ｂ． ｂｅnefｉt from
　　 C.　stand fｏr 　　 　　 　 D． stiｃk to

Ｓection Ｂ
Dｉrections: In thｉs section, ｔherｅ are １０　incomplete　sｅnteｎcｅs.　Fｏｒ eaｃh sｅｎtｅncｅ　tｈere　are　４ choices maｒｋed A， B,　C and Ｄ. Ｃhoose the oｎｅ　ｔhaｔ bｅst cｏmpｌｅtｅs ｔhｅ sentence. Ｔhen　maｒk ｔhe correspoｎdｉｎg　letｔer　wｉth a singｌe ｂar aｃｒｏss thｅ square　braｃkｅts　on ｙour　machine－scoring ANSWER　SHEＥT.

２1. It_＿__＿__＿　ｗitｈouｔ　sａyiｎg that cｏnsumers wｏuld ｂe happier iｆ priceｓ　wｅｒｅ　lowｅｒ.
　　 A.　takｅs 　 　 　 Ｂ. apｐeａrｓ
　 　C.　ｍakes　 　 　　D. goes

22. The world ｅcｏｎomｉｃ reｃessiｏn pｕt　aｎ ___＿___ ｅnd to　thｅ ｓteｅｌ　mａrket upturn ｔhat began iｎ 2023．
　 A. iｒｒegular　 　　 　 　B.　iｌlegａl
　　Ｃ. abrupt 　 　　 　　 D. absurd　

23．　I’m　___＿___＿ aｂouｔ ｈｏw ｙou dｉｓcｏveｒeｄ my website，　and am ｖery　gｌａd ｉｆ ｙou ｅnjoy it．
A.　mysteｒious 　 　 B. furiｏus
　C． seｒｉous　 　 　 D. curious

２4. The Labor Party’s　electoraｌ stｒaｔｅgｙ, baｓed on　an ___＿_＿__ with　oｔhｅr ｓｍaller parｔiｅｓ, has proveｄ ｓuｃcｅssfｕl.
　 A.　ａcquaintancｅ 　　　 　 　 　B．　inｔｅｇraｔion
　 C. aｌｌｉａnce 　 　 　 　 D. iｎｔimａｃｙ

25． Ｔhe ｎew aircrａfｔ　ｗiｌl be ＿_＿____　to a　tｅst　oｆ ｔemperaｔuｒｅｓ of　-65℃ ａｎd １20℃.
　　 A. suｓpeｎded　　　 　 　 　　　 B．　sｕppreｓｓｅd
　 C. suｍmｏneｄ　　 　 　 　 D． sｕbｊeｃteｄ

26. Tｈｅ money　Ｉ gｏt from teａｃｈiｎg on the ｓiｄｅ wａs a usｅfｕl　__＿____ tｏ my oｒdinary ｉｎｃoｍe.
　 　A. prｏｆｉｔ 　　 　 B. sｕpplemｅnｔ
　　C． sｕｂsidy 　 　 　　 　　D. replaceｍeｎt

27.　Chiｎｅse pｅopｌe are　ｎoｗ enｊoying　ｂettｅｒ dentａl　heａｌth, as shown　by the declining　＿__＿___ of　tｏｏｔh deｃaｙ.
　　 　A． ｔreａtment 　 　　 　 B． iｎｃｉdｅnce
　 　C. coｎsequｅnce 　 　 Ｄ.　misfｏｒｔｕnｅ

28. Maｎy couｎtｒｉes ｈaｖe　conservatiｏｎ　progｒams to prevent cｅrtain ＿__＿____ ｏｆ fｉsｈ from bｅｃomｉng　extinｃｔ.
　　 Ａ. ｓpｅcies 　 　 　　　 　 　 Ｂ． sourｃes
Ｃ． ｎumbers 　 　　 　 D． members

２9. Susaｎ nevｅｒ　took　anｙ cookｅrｙ coｕrｓeｓ; shｅ lｅaｒnｅd　cｏoking ｂy ________　useful tips　ｆrom TＶ　cｏokery　pｒogramｓ.
A．　ｐickiｎg　up 　 　 　 　 　B. bringing　up
　 Ｃ．　pｕtｔing ｕｐ 　 　　　 　 D. pullｉｎg up

３0. Tｈe　Preｓident ___＿___＿　his deputｙ ｔo aｃt ｆor ｈim ｗｈiｌe　hｅ wａs ａbroad.
　A. ｐromotｅd 　　　　　 　B. sｕbｓtitｕteｄ
　　 C. autｈorized 　 　 　 D. diｓｐlaｃｅd

Pａrｔ Ⅲ Ｒｅaｄｉｎg Comprehension　(45　minutes,　３0 pｏiｎts,　1　fｏr eacｈ)
Ｄｉｒecｔｉonｓ： Tｈere　are 5 paｓｓages in tｈｉs part．　Eａｃh passagｅ is fｏllowed by 6　ｑuestｉons　ｏｒ unｆinｉsｈeｄ staｔｅments． For eacｈ of them ｔhere　aｒe 4 choices marｋed　Ａ, Ｂ, C ａnd D.　Cｈｏose the　best ｏｎe anｄ　ｍark ｃorｒespoｎdｉｎg letter ｗｉth a siｎgｌe　bar　ａｃross　the ｓqｕａre brackets　oｎ your maｃhine-sｃoriｎg ANSWEＲ　ＳHEＥT.

Paｓsage Onｅ
Until lａｓt spring,　Nia Paｒkｅr　and tｈe oｔheｒ kidｓ in her nｅigｈborhood cｏｍmｕteｄ to scｈoｏl ｏn　Bus 59. Buｔ as fuｅl　pricｅs　rｏｓｅ， ｔhe ｓchool ｄisｔrｉct nｅeｄed tｏ fｉｎd a way to　cuｔ its　transpｏrtaｔioｎ ｃoｓｔs. Ｓｏ　thｅ ｓcｈoｏl’s bｕsinｇ company　redrew itｓ ｒｏute map，　elｉmiｎatｉng　Nia’ｓ bus ａltogｅｔher. Now　Nｉa　ａnｄ ｈer　ｎｅｉgｈｂors tｒavel the　half mｉle　to schoｏl ｖｉa　ａ “wａlｋing ｓchool ｂus”—　a groｕp oｆ kids， supｅrｖised ｂy an adulｔ　or tｗo, wｈｏ　make tｈe waｌｋ ｔogether．
Likｅ　ｔｈe ｒest of uｓ,　scｈｏol disｔricｔs ａrｅ ｆeelｉng　pｉnched by ｒisｉｎg fuel cｏｓts—and finｄing nｅw ｗａy　to adapｔ. The price　of dｉesel　fuel　has gonｅ up ３4　perｃent in the　past two yｅarｓ.　Ｆor ｔｈe ｔypｉcal Ameｒicaｎ　schｏol districｔ, bus bilｌｓ total 5　perｃｅnt oｆ the buｄget.　As ａdmｉnｉｓtrａtors ｌｏok ｔo trim, businｇ ｉｓ aｎ inｖｉtinｇ ｔargeｔ， ｓince it doeｓn’t affeｃt　clａsｓroｏｍ iｎｓtructｉon　(oｒ tesｔ ｓcｏres)．　More thaｎ onｅ third of　Ａｍerｉcaｎ　ｓcｈool　adｍiｎistrａtors ｈａve　eｌｉｍiｎaｔed bｕs sｔｏps or rｏuｔｅｓ in　ordeｒ to　stay wiｔhｉn bｕdgｅｔ.
Ｍanｙ parｅnｔｓ arｅ ｄeligｈted ｔｏ　see tｈeir ｋids　walking　to sｃｈｏol，　pａｒtly　bｅcauｓe ｍaｎy ｄid　sｏ ｔｈeｍselves： according　to a 19６９ survｅy，　neａrｌy hａlf of school kｉｄs　walked　or biｋｅd　to　scｈool,　compaｒeｄ ｗｉth only １6　ｐｅrcent ｉｎ 202３.　Mｏderｎ paｒｅnts hａve bｅｅｎ unｗilｌinｇ ｔｏ ｌｅt kids ｗaｌk　to ｓchoｏl ｆor　fear　oｆ ｔｒaffic,　crime　or sｉmple bullyinｇ, bｕt　with orｇanizｅd aｄuｌｔ supｅｒｖiｓion, those　conｃeｒns ｈave diminｉsｈed.
Schoolｓ anｄ　bｕｓiｎｇ cｏmpａnies are　fｉndiｎｇ otｈer ways　to　sａve. Ｉn rｕral areaｓ wｈerｅ buｓｉng is a　ｍust, soｍe　sｃhooｌｓ　have even cｈoｓen fouｒ-day school　weeks. Busｉｎg　companies ｉnｓtｒｕｃｔ　drｉvers to　eｌiｍinaｔｅ extrａ stopｓ fｒoｍ roｕtｅs ａnd　tｏ turn oｆｆ thｅ eｎgｉne ｗhilｅ idling. Thｅy arｅ ａlsｏ uｓｉng　compｕteｒ soｆtwａrｅ to ｄetermｉne　ｔhe mosｔ fuel-eｆficieｎt roｕtes，　whicｈ aren’ｔ always the　shｏrtｅst oｎes.
There could　bｅ dｏwnsiｄes， ｈoｗeｖer,　to ｔhｅ buｓｉng ｃuｔbacks. If ｅvｅrｙ fｏrmerly busｅd ｓtｕdent beginｓ walkinｇ　ｔo　scｈool, it’s an enviｒonｍｅntal ｗin—bｕｔ ｉf too　ｍａnｙ ｏｆ tｈeｉr pａｒｅnｔs ｄｅcidｅ　ｔo dｒｉve thｅm ｉnｓteaｄ,　the oｖeralｌ cａrbon fｏｏtprint　ｃaｎ ｇroｗ．　Ｒeplａciｎg busｅs　ｗith ｍａny　more paｒｅnt-drivｅｎ　cars　cａn alsｏ inｃreａse safeｔy　riｓks. A 2023 rｅpoｒt ｃoncludｅd stｕdeｎｔs are 1３ timeｓ ｓafer on ａ　scｈool bｕs　than　in a pａsｓeｎgeｒ ｃａr, sincｅ bｕsｅs ｈave feweｒ aｃcidents and　ｗithstand them ｂetter duｅ ｔo thｅir ｓｉze. Aｎd soｍe　students ｃomplａｉn aboｕt the lｏng　ｍorning hikeｓ， paｒtｉcuｌａrly wheｎ the roｕｔｅ coｎｔaｉnｓ　a really big hiｌｌ.

31.　The “wａlｋｉng scｈoｏl bus” __＿＿_______.
　　Ａ. dｏes nｏt coｎsume fuel　 　 　 　 B. aiｍs to keep chｉldren fiｔ
　 C. selｄoｍ causes trａfｆic　jams 　 　　 　　 　 D.　is poｐulａr ｗiｔh ｓｃhoｏl　kids

３2. Ｉn Aｍerｉcａ　ｔｈe　rｅspoｎsｉbiｌｉty for bｕｓiｎｇ kids to scｈooｌ　liｅs with___________.
　A． indiｖiｄｕaｌ sｃhooｌs 　 　 　　 B. school distriｃtｓ
Ｃ．　ｔeachers 　　 　 　 　 D． parents

33． Ａs reｇardｓ walking　tｏ schｏoｌ, ｍoｄｅrn ｐaｒentｓ　ｓeem　ｍucｈ　ｃｏncerned wiｔh ｔｈｅ_____＿_＿_＿_.
　　 A． tiｍe sｐｅnt ｏｎ ｔｈｅ way 　 　　 　　 　 Ｂ.　cｈａngeｓ in ｔｈｅ route
　　 C. kidｓ’ ｐｈｙsical strength 　 　 　 　　 　D. saｆｅtｙ ｏf ｔheir　ｃｈｉldrｅn

3４.　Ｔｏ　ｓave mｏney, somｅ　schｏols　choose　to ______＿＿＿___＿_______.
　　 Ａ． take tｈe sｈorteｓt rｏuｔes 　 　 B． shortｅn　tｈe　sｃｈoｏl ｗeek
C. ｇｉve　driｖers beｔtｅr tｒaining 　 　 　 　 　D. uｓe fｕel－ｅｆfｉｃiｅｎt ｂusｅｓ

35． Ｂusinｇ ｃuｔbackｓ may eventuａlｌy lead tｏ　_____＿＿＿_____＿___．
　　A. fieｒｃer cｏmpeｔition amoｎｇ buｓ comｐaniｅs
B. moｒe stuｄents ｔａｋing ｐubｌｉc tranｓporｔatｉｏn
　Ｃ. ａn iｎcreaｓe　in cａｒbｏn　dｉoxidｅ　emｉsｓｉｏns
Ｄ.　a ｄecreasｅ iｎ ｔhｅ safety ｏｆ sｃｈｏｏｌ　ｂuses

36.　Wｈich of thｅ fｏllowing besｔ ｄeｓcｒibeｓ ｔhe author’s aｔtitude toｗaｒｄｓ busｉng ｃutｂａcｋs?
　A. Faｖｏrablｅ.　 　 　 　 　 　　 　 　 B. Criticaｌ.
C. Objective. 　 　 　　 　　 　 　　Ｄ. Indifferent.

Pａssage Tｗo
Ｐeople aｒe liｖiｎｇ　longer tｈan eｖer, but for ｓome　reason, women　arｅ liviｎｇ ｌｏnger than men. A baby　boｙ ｂorｎ　ｉｎ tｈe Uｎited Sｔateｓ ｉn ２023　ｃan exｐｅct ｔｏ liｖe ｔo　bｅ　abｏuｔ 73, a baby gｉrｌ，　ａbｏｕｔ 7９.This is　inｄeed a　wide gap， ａnd ｎｏ one ｒeａlly knows why　iｔ ｅxiｓｔs.　Ｔhｅ grｅaｔｅｒ ｌongeｖity (长寿)　ｏf women, however, haｓ beeｎ knowｎ ｆor cｅntｕries. It wａs, ｆoｒ examplｅ,　ｄesｃribed in thｅ sevｅnteenth　centurｙ.　Hoｗｅvｅｒ，　the difference　ｗas　smａlｌer theｎ—ｔhe gap is　grｏwiｎg.
A nｕmber of ｒeasons　ｈａｖe ｂeen ｐrｏposｅd ｔｏ　account ｆoｒ　thｅ differｅnｃｅs. Tｈe ｇap ｉｓ ｇreatｅｓt　ｉｎ inｄustｒialｉzed sociｅｔies，　so ｉt ｈaｓ beｅn ｓuggeｓtｅｄ thａt ｗomen aｒe less suscｅptiｂｌe tｏ ｗorｋ　ｓｔrａins tｈaｔ may raise tｈe riｓk　of heaｒt disease ａnd　alcoholism. Ｓoｃｉolｏgists aｌｓo　tell us thａt womｅｎ　ａre encouｒaged to ｂe lesｓ aｄvｅntｕrｏus ｔhan men　(ａｎｄ thｉs may be ｗhy they ａｒｅ more ｃarefｕl dｒiｖers, inｖoｌveｄ　in feｗer　aｃｃidentｓ）.
　 　Eｖen ｓmokiｎg has beｅｎ imｐliｃateｄ　iｎ the aｇe　discrｅpancy. Iｔ was onｃe sｕggested　ｔhaｔ worｋｉｎg　woｍen are mｏrｅ　likｅly　to smoｋe and aｓ more　ｗｏｍｅn enｔｅred tｈｅ ｗork forcｅ, tｈe age　ｇａp wｏuld ｂｅgin to cｌｏｓe， ｂｅcause smoking　ｉs　relateｄ to ｅarlier　ｄeａths．　Nｏｗ, however,　ｗe see ｍore ｗｏmeｎ　smokｉnｇ anｄ ｔｈｅｙ stiｌｌ ｔend　ｔo live ｌongｅr ａlthough their lung ｃanｃeｒ　raｔe　is climbing　sharｐｌy.
　 Onｅ　puzｚlinｇ asｐｅct　of the　problem iｓ thａt ｗoｍｅn　dｏ nｏt ａppｅaｒ tｏ　be as healthy as men. That is, they ｒeporｔ　ｆar ｍore illnesses. Bｕt ｗhen a mａn ｒeｐorｔs aｎ ilｌｎeｓs,　it is　moｒe likｅlｙ ｔo　ｂe serioｕs．
Somｅ　rｅsearchers hａｖｅ sｕｇgestｅd thａｔ men may ｄie earlier ｂecauｓe their ｈｅａlｔh ｉs moｒe stroｎglｙ related tｏ their eｍotionｓ． Ｆｏr ｅxamplｅ, men ｔeｎd　to dｉe　sooｎｅr　aftｅｒ ｌosiｎg　a ｓｐｏｕse thａn woｍen ｄo. Ｍeｎ　eｖen　ｓeｅm　to　be　moｒe weakｅned by loss of　a　job. (Both oｆ　ｔhｅse are ｌiｎked ｗiｔh a ｍａrkｅｄ deｃreaｓe iｎ　ｔhe ｅｆfeｃｔｉvenesｓ　ｏｆ thｅ immuｎe sysｔem）. Ａmonｇ　mｅn, deａtｈ foｌｌｏｗs　retiｒemｅnt with an ａlaｒmｉng ｐｒomptｎeｓs.
　 Ｐerｈaｐs wｅ aｒe　searｃhiｎg　for ｔhe　answｅrｓ　too cｌose to　thｅ sｕｒfacｅ or ｔhｅ　pｒobｌem. Ｐerhａps the ansｗerｓ lie　deeper　in ｏur biｏlogical heritage.　After ａlｌ， tｈe phenomenon　iｓ not　isolaｔed tｏ huｍaｎs. Feｍaｌeｓ have the eｄge among viｒtualｌy aｌl mammalian　(哺乳动物旳) specieｓ, in thaｔ　they　generａlly live　ｌｏnｇｅｒ． Fｕrthermore,　in ｍany of thｅse ｓｐecｉes the diffeｒences　bｅgin　aｔ thｅ ｍoｍent of conceptiｏｎ; thｅre aｒe morｅ　ｍａle mｉｓｃａｒriagｅs（流产)．Iｎ ｈｕmａｎs, ａfter ｂirth， morｅ baby bｏys than giｒlｓ ｄｉｅ．

3７. What can wｅ ｌeａｒn frｏm ｔｈe ｆｉrsｔ tｗo　paragｒaphs?
　 Ａ. Men’s lifespan reｍainｓ　aｌｍｏst uncｈanged.
B.　Researcheｒs hａve ｆoｕnｄ　ｔhe ｃausｅs ｏf the age ｇａp.
C. The　more ａｄvanced a societｙ, ｔhe greater the agｅ ｇap.
　D. The ａge ｇａp　was notｉcｅｄ onlｙ recently.

3８. As is　sug