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DAY-11states-staten.状况,状态 v.陈述2statements-statementn.陈述【In fact,various emotional states give rise to certain patterns of electrical activity in the facial muscles and in the brain.】3formn.形状 v.形成4deformed-deformv.使变形；变畸形5reformv.改造;改革 n.改良【Some mountains were formed as a result of these plates crashing into each other and forcing up the rock at the plate margins.】6plants-plantn.植物,工厂 v.种植7plantationn.农园,大农场8transplanted-transplant v.移居,迁移【Animal dung enriches the soil by providing nutrients for plant growth.】9mentioned-mentionv.提到【For example,in 1875 one biologist pointed out the diversity of butterflies in the Amazon when he mentioned that about 700 species were found within an hours walk,whereas the total number found on the British islands did not exceed 66,and the whole of Europe supported only 321.】10centuryn.世纪;百年【Even though the fine arts in the twentieth century often treat materials in new ways,the basic difference in attitude of artists in relation to their materials in the fine arts and the applied arts remains relatively constant.】11authorn.作者12authorityn.专家,威信【The author presents two theories for a historical phenomenon.】13species（单复数同型）n.种类;人类14subspeciesn.亚种【Some species of tuna have specialized grooves in their tongue.】15artn.艺术【Tunas,mackerels,and billfishes have made streamlining into an art form.Their bodies are sleek and compact.】16produced-producev.生产 n.产品17productionn.生产18products-productn.产品19reproductionn.生殖；复制20reproducev.繁殖；翻拍；复制21productivityn.生产力22productiveadj.多产的23reproductiveadj.再生的;复制的【Other mountains may be raised by earthquakes,which fracture the Earths crust and can displace enough rock to produce block mountains.】24increasev.增加【To increase the societys prosperity】25causev.导致 n.原因【Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees,as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.】26regions-regionn.区域【It ranges from sea level in the Polar Regions to 4,500 meters in the dry subtropics and 3,500-4,500 meters in the moist tropics.】27sentencev.宣判n.句子【Where would the sentence best fit?】28populationn.居民;人口【Have populations that are unstable in response to climate conditions】29studyv.研究 n.研究【It is conceivable that before going hunting the hunters would draw or study pictures of animals and imagine a successful hunt.】30fossils-fossiln.化石31fossilizationn.化石作用32fossilized-fossilizev.使成化石【Pakicetus is the oldest fossil whale yet to be found.】33theoryn.理论,.论34theorists-theoristn.理论家35theorized-theoryv.建立理论;理论化【According to psychodynamic theory,the best ways to prevent harmful aggression may be to encourage less harmful aggression.】36termv.把.称为 n.学期【During Jacksons second term,his opponents had gradually come together to form the Whig party.】37artists-artistn.艺术家38artisticadj.艺术的;美术的【For example,some early societies ceased to consider certain rites essential to their well-being and abandoned them,nevertheless,they retained as parts of their oral tradition the myths that had grown up around the rites and admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.】39designv.设计40designers-designern.设计者【Architecture is the art and science of designing structures that organize and enclose space for practical and symbolic purposes.】41sourcen.来源,根源【This unprecedented development of a finite groundwater resource with an almost negligible natural recharge ratethat is,virtually no natural water source to replenish the water supplyhas caused water tables in the region to fall drastically.】42environmentn.环境43environmentalists-environmentalistn.环境保护论者【Many ecologists now think that the relative long-term stability of climax communities comes not from diversity but from the“patchiness”of the environment,an environment that varies from place to place supports more kinds of organisms than an environment that is uniform.】44periodn.时期45periodicadj.定期的46periodicallyadv.周期性地;偶尔【In the long run,electricity from large wind farms in remote areas might be used to make hydrogen gas from water during periods when there is less than peak demand for electricity.】47societyn.社会【Some theories of theater development focus on how theater was used by group leaders to group leaders govern other members of society.】48activities-activityn.行动;活动【There is little doubt,however,that desertification in most areas results primarily from human activities rather than natural processes.】49massn.块adj.大规模的【The cinema did not emerge as a form of mass consumption until its technology evolved from the initial peepshow format to the point where images were projected on a screen in a darkened theater.】50sinceconj.因为,从.至今【Since the raising of most crops necessitates the prior removal of the natural vegetation,crop failures leave extensive tracts of land devoid of a plant cover and susceptible to wind and water erosion.】51emotions-emotionn.情绪52emotionaladj.情绪的【In psychodynamic theory,the purging of strong emotions or the relieving of tensions.】53communities-communityn.人群，很多个体的集合体，社 区【Each SMSA would contain at least one central city with 50,000 inhabitants or more or two cities having shared boundaries and constituting,for general economic and social purposes,a single community with a combined population of at least 50,000,the smaller of which must have a population of at least 15,000.】54organisms-organismn.生物55microorganisms-microorganismn.微生物【We can say that the properties of an ecosystem are more stable than the individual organisms that compose the ecosystem.】56processn.过程 v.加工;处理,办理【In fact,damage to the environment by humans is often much more severe than damage by natural events and processes.】57individualn.人,个体 adj.个别的58individualismn.利己主义【Because each individual is short-lived,the population of an opportunist species is likely to be adversely affected by drought,bad winters,or floods.】59effectn.结果 v.造成60effectiveadj.有效的61effectivenessn.效力【But for the black-tailed deer,human pressure has had just the opposite effect.】62culturen.文化,耕种 v.耕种63culturaladj.有修养的;有文化的【The arch was used was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains,but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures.】64occurv.发生,出现65occurrences-occurrencen.发生,事件【They occur at the end of a succession.】66includev.包括;包含67inclusionn.内含;内含物【Some drawbacks to wind farms include visual pollution and noise,although these can be overcome by improving their design and locating them in isolated areas.】68providev.提供【The land under wind turbines can be used for grazing cattle and other purposes,and leasing land for wind turbines can provide extra income for farmers and ranchers.】69indicatev.指出70indications-indicationn.指出;迹象【To indicate that trance states were often associated with activities that took place inside caves】71sedimentn.沉淀物,沉积72sedimentaryadj.沉积的73sedimentationn.沉淀作用;沉降【Petroleum,consisting of crude oil and natural gas,seems to originate from organic matter in marine sediment.】74pressuren.压v.对.施加压力;迫使【Continued sedimentationthe process of deposits settling on the sea bottomburies the organic matter and subjects it to higher temperatures and pressures,which convert the organic matter to oil and gas.】75particularadj.特别的,独有的【There is increasing evidence that the impacts of meteorites have had important effects on Earth,particularly in the field of biological evolution.】76influencev.影响n.影响77influentialadj.有影响的【Impacts by meteorites represent one mechanism that could cause global catastrophes and seriously influence the evolution of life all over the planet.】78modernadj.现代的,时髦的【To contrast the relative sophistication of modern artists in solving problems related to the laws of physics】79impactv.影响;撞击n.作用,冲击【If an impact is large enough,it can disturb the environment of the entire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe.】80heatv.把.加热;使激动 n.热,高潮,热度【Increase pressure and heat from the weight of the sediment turn the organic remains into petroleum.】81objects-objectv.反对,抗议 n.物体;目标82objectiveadj.客观的,外在的 n.目的,实物【They engraved animal figures on the shafts of spears and other objects.】83types-typen.类型 v.作为代表,打字【They may have used figurines to portray an ideal type or to express a desire for fertility.】84powern.势力;权力 v.使.有力量,激励85hydropowern.水力发出的电力【In the future,wind power is likely to become a major source of the worlds energy supply.】86majoradj.主要的,大部份的 n.主修87majorityn.多数,大多数【The technology is in place for a major expansion of wind power worldwide.】88gasn.气体89gasolinen.汽油90outgassingn.除气作用【These periods are times when wind turbines are powered by hydrogen gas.】91caven.洞穴 v.挖洞92caverns-cavernn.巨穴【Scholars have wondered about the meaning of the subjects,location,and over painting of Lascaux cave images.】93techniques-techniquen.技巧;技法【Artists developed special techniques for painting the walls.】94structuren.结构,构造 v.建筑,组织95structuraladj.结构的,建筑的【The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems Plant communities assemble themselves flexibly,and their particular structure depends on the specific history of the area.】96rapidadj.迅速的,急促的n.急流【A very dehydrated person,on the other hand,cannot drink enough water to rehydrate at one session,because the human stomach is not sufficiently big and because a too rapid dilution of the body fluids causes death from water intoxication.】97oceann.海洋98oceanicadj.海洋的99oceanographers-oceanographern.海洋学者【It has been suggested that Pakicetus fed on fish in shallow water and was not yet adapted for life in the open ocean.】100 ancientadj.远古的,年老的【To explain how ancient builders reduced the amount of time necessary to construct buildings from stone.】101 contained-containv.包含102 containers-containern.容器;集装箱【The situation is most critical in Texas,where the climate is driest,the greatest amount of water is being pumped,and the aquifer contains the least water.】103 glaciers-glaciern.冰河104 glacialadj.冰的;冰河的105 glaciationn.冰蚀106 interglacialn.两个冰河世纪之间的温暖时间段【Sediments that hold water were spread by glaciers and are still spread by rivers and streams.】107 theatern.剧场;电影院【They produced and prerecorded the material that was shown in the theaters.】108 conditions-conditionn.情况;环境【In some regions,the increase in desert areas is occurring largely as the result of a trend toward drier climatic conditions.】109 behaviorn.行为,举止110 behavioraladj.行为的【When one animal attacks another,it engages in the most obvious example of aggressive behavior.】111 varietyn.变化,多样性112 variousadj.各种的113 varyv.改变,变更;变化114 variables-variablen.变数,可变物115 invariablyadv.不变地,一定地【Facial expressions and emotional states interact with each other through a variety of feedback mechanisms.】116 nestn.巢 v.造巢【Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water.】117 characteristics-characteristicn.特性,特色 adj.特有的118 characterized-characterizev.赋予特色【The most striking characteristic of the plants of the alpine zone is their low growth form.】119 governmentn.政府120 governing-governv.统治;决定【In contrast to the Democrats,the Whigs favored government aid for education.】121 energyn.精力;精神122 energeticadj.精力充沛的【Growth,reproduction,and daily metabolism all require an organism to expend energy.】123 involvev.包括124 involvementn.包含【Spillage from huge oil-carrying cargo ships,called tankers,involved in collisions or accidental groundings(such as the one off Alaska in 1989)can create oil slicks at sea.】125 essentialadj.重要的,本质的126 essentiallyadv.实质上;本来【Another opinion is that the paintings were directly related to hunting and were an essential part of a special preparation ceremony.】127 movementn.运动;运转【A united,highly successful labor movement took shape.】128 evidencev.证明n.证据,迹象【Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other peoples motives.】129 europeanadj.欧洲的n.欧洲人【Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore,a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands.】130 nationaln.国民adj.国家的【Some oil lies under regions where drilling is forbidden,such as national parks or other public lands.】131 locationn.位置132 located-locatev.找出,位于【Limiting drilling to accessible locations】133 aggressiveadj.侵犯的,有进取精神的134 aggressionn.进攻;侵略135 aggressivenessn.侵犯;进取【When they are caused to frown,they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.】136 upperadj.上面的,上级的【Ekmans observation may be relevant to the British expression“keep a stiff upper lip”as a recommendation for handling stress.】137 atmospheren.大气,气氛138 atmosphericadj.大气的【The explosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere,as can be determined by measuring the thickness of the sediment layer formed when this dust settled to the surface.】139 ironn.铁;熨斗adj.铁的【Scientific analysis reveals that the colors were derived from ocher and other iron oxides ground into a fine powder.】140 facialadj.脸的,脸部的【A persons facial expression may reflect the persons emotional state.】141 clayn.粘土【The impact of raindrops on the loose soil tends to transfer fine clay particles into the tiniest soil spaces,sealing them and producing a surface that allows very little water penetration.】142 urbanadj.都市的143 urbanizationn.都市化【Whig and Democratic areas of influence were naturally split between urban and rural areas,respectively.】144 painting-paintn.画,绘画145 painters-paintern.漆工146 painted-paintv.油漆;画147 overpaintingn.(油画)复盖色，复绘【In Southwest France in the 1940s,playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto,a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals.】148 economicadj.经济上的;合算的149 economyn.经济150 economicallyadv.节俭地151 economicaladj.节俭的【To indicate that not all economic activity in the High Plains is dependent on irrigation.】152 popularadj.受欢迎的,流行的【Although origin in ritual has long been the most popular,it is by no means the only theory about how the theater came into being.】153 technologyn.技术,工艺154 technologicaladj.技术的,工艺的【The development of projection technology made it possible to project images on a large screen.】155 layern.层;地层 v.分层堆积【The Earths crust is thought to be divided into huge,movable segments,called plates,which float on a soft plastic layer of rock.】156 insects-insectn.昆虫【Small size makes it easy to scramble among twigs and branches in the canopy for insects,flowers,or fruit,but small mammals are surpassed,in the competition for food,by large ones that have their own tactics for browsing among food-rich twigs.】157 abilityn.能力;才能【Ekman argued that the ability to accurately recognize the emotional content of facial expressions was valuable for human beings.】158 generallyadv.通常,普遍地,逐渐地;一般来说【Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra.】159 applied-applyvi.使用；适用于vt.使用160 applicationn.申请(表,书)【To demonstrate that an understanding of stability in ecosystems can be applied to help understand stability in other situations】161 transportationn.运输162 transportv.传送,运输【Transportation networks began to decline.】163 methods-methodn.方法；秩序【The new met
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