重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题.docx

重庆市巴蜀中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Post of Executive Director of the AEC Committee
Asia Economic Cooperation (AEC), with 21 Member Economies, is a unique cooperative economic forum that has been successful in promoting regional economic growth through trade and investment liberalization, and capacity building since its foundation in 1989. It has achieved this through open dialogue, trust building and voluntary commitments.
The AEC Committee, based in Singapore, fulfils an important role is supporting the AEC process, including policy, technical and communications services to an extensive range of shareholders.
AEC is looking for a dynamic Executive Director for a 3-year term (with the option for a 1-3year extension) to lead the Committee from January 2025.
The successful candidate should be from an AEC Member Economy and must possess strong leadership qualities, public sector experience, senior management experience, and organizational development experience, high political sensitivity and multilateral work experience, preferably in trade or economic related areas. The candidate should also have managed multi-cultural work environment. The candidate must indicate how their experience and qualifications match those required.
Extensive travel is expected.
More information on AEC can be found at our website www. aec. org. Applications should reach us no later than 15 July 2024 via e-mail hr-recruit@aec. org or mailed to the Human Resource Director, AEC Committee, 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore119616.
Your application must indicate how your experience and qualifications match those required.
Only shortlisted candidates will be notified.
1．What do we know about the The AEC Committee?
A．It is based in Singapore. B．It leads the AEC process.
C．It deals with political issues. D．It has 21 Member Economies.
2．What is required of a qualified candidate?
A．Strong political background. B．High-level leadership expertise.
C．Advanced multi-linguistic skills. D．Sharp environmental awareness.
3．In which section of a magazine may this text appear?
A．Cover Story. B．News Updates.
C．Career Opportunities. D．Volunteering Information.

Amy was a dear little girl, but she often tended to waste time in getting ready to do her tasks, instead of doing them at once as she ought to.
In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thornton kept a store where he sold fruit of all kinds, including berries in their season. One day he said to Amy, whose parents were quite poor, “Would you like to earn some money? ”
“Oh, yes,” replied she, “for I want some new shoes, and papa has no money to buy them with. ”
“Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thornton, “I noticed some fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field today, and he said that anybody was welcome to them. I will pay you thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) for all you will pick for me”
Amy was delighted at the thought of earning some money; so she ran home to get a basket, intending to go immediately to pick the berries.
Then she thought she would like to know how much money she would get if she picked five quarts. With the help of her slate (书写板) and pencil, she found out that she would get sixty-five cents.
“But supposing I should pick a dozen quarts,” thought she, “how much should I earn then?” “Dear me!” she said, after figuring a while, “I should earn a dollar and fifty-six cents.”
Amy then found out what Mr. Thornton would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred quarts. It took her some time to do this, and then it was so near dinner time that she had to stay at home until afternoon.
As soon as dinner was over, she took her basket and hurried to the field. Some boys had been there before dinner, and all the ripe berries were picked. She could not find enough to fill a quart measure.
4．Why did Mr. Thornton invite Amy to pick berries?
A．To help her buy new shoes. B．To help her make some money.
C．To help her get rid of bad habits. D．To help her enter the fruit business.
5．What should Amy do if she wanted to earn the money?
A．Calculate how much she earned. B．Make use of her slate and pencil.
C．Ask for permission from her parents. D．Get a basket and pick berries quickly.
6．Which of the following words can best describe the character of Amy?
A．Considerate and smart. B．Reasonable and realistic.
C．Idealistic and impractical. D．Unselfish and independent.
7．Which one can be the best title of the story?
A．Lost Blackberries. B．A Girl Picking Berries.
C．How Much Amy Can Earn. D．The Money Amy Didn’t Earn.

In an attempt to explore unknown environments, a Chinese team created an octopus (章鱼) — inspired flexible robotic arm capable of sensing and controlling objects in limited spaces and underwater.
According to the study published in the latest edition of Science Robotics, the robot allowed blindfolded human operators to guide its arm, using suckers (吸盘) to pick up various objects, including a toy shark and a smooth metal ball, via a single-finger glove.
This new invention created by a team of researchers, led by Wen Li from Beihang University was inspired by the octopus, which moves its soft arms to catch its games with sensitive suckers.
A simple strategy like this can be used as a model for robotic grasping, controllable with a few inputs, as well as a highly deformable arm with sensing capabilities.
Wen’s team fixed electronics and circuits into the robots while maintaining their deformability. The researchers presented a stretchable electronics-integrated soft octopus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple degrees of freedom.
The robot's stretchable, liquid-metal-based electronic circuit can stand super stretching force to perform tasks autonomously in a limited environment, findings from the study showed.
The soft arm with two rows of sensory sucking cups that connect with the wearer's finger can perform a reaching-grasping-returning motion across a range of up to 1.5 times its original arm length, similar to the biological counterpart (对应方), the study revealed.
“This robotic model provides new prospects and development ideas for the future interactive applications of flexible robots, including medical robots, seabed exploration robots, and so on” said the expert.
8．What inspired the invention of the robotic arm according to the passage?
A．The limited spaces underwater.
B．The special biological structure of the octopus.
C．The desire to explore the living environment of octopus.
D．The team work of the researchers from Beihang University.
9．What's the meaning of the underlined word “deformable” in paragraph 4?
A．Powerful. B．Changeable. C．Steady. D．Active.
10．Which device is integrated into the robot?
A．Plastic circuits. B．Suckers of octopuses.
C．Electronic sensors. D．Arms of octopuses.
11．What do the experts imply in the last paragraph?
A．Octopus is a very magic underwater creature.
B．Creativity plays a very important part in science.
C．The unknown world offers possibility for innovation.
D．One invention can bring about a chain reaction of breakthroughs.

Some songs might speak to your soul even if you don't know the words. The almost magical way that music reflects and influences our emotions led American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow to declare it the “universal language of mankind”. But how universal is it really?
A team of more than a dozen researchers and countless undergraduates set out to collect and interpret descriptions and recordings of musical performances around the world. Their first finding: Music is indeed universal. Or at least statistical modeling strongly suggests that more than 99% of societies have music. Then, they analyzed the song descriptions for sixty very different societies and looked at different qualities related to song performance.
As they classified the songs, they found that three dimensions (方面) accounted for more than a quarter of the variability between songs. The first was how formal or informal a song was. Songs high in formality had large audiences and lots of instruments, often involved ceremonial events, and frequently had adult-only audiences. Informal events had smaller audiences, including children, or no audience at all. The second was how arousing a song was to its listeners. Lively events involving lots of dancing were high on this dimension, while a low value reflected a calmer event, like someone singing to themselves or a baby. The last was how religious song was. Songs used in ceremonies were high in religiosity, while those without a spiritual context scored low.
The researchers applied their findings to four widespread categories of music: lullabies (摇篮), dance songs, love songs and healing songs, and found clear trend. Most dance was highly arousing and formal, but low in religiosity. Lullabies were mostly low in formality and low in arousal. And healing songs scored high in all dimensions while love songs were low in all dimensions. Even more interesting, the distribution of these behaviors was similar in all societies studied.
Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields, like storytelling or visual art.
12．How was the research conducted?
A．By making comparison and contrast. B．By finding similarities.
C．By collecting and analyzing data. D．By illustrating examples.
13．Which kind of music may involve the most audiences and instruments?
A．Lullabies. B．Dance songs. C．Love songs. D．Healing songs.
14．How is the future of their research findings according to the scholars?
A．Promising. B．Unpredictable. C．Impractical. D．Limited.
15．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Songs can speak to your soul only if you know their words.
B．Differences in formality lead to the variability between songs.
C．Music is classified by the number of audience and instruments.
D．Research on the universals of music can help explore other fields.

How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. 16
Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example. 17 Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.
Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behaviour.”  It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. 18
In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. 19 Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision.
20 Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours.
A．But is this true?
B．It is therefore an easy option.
C．After all, there’s “safety in numbers”.
D．Herding can appear to make a lot of sense.
E．This could have resulted in a snow-balling effect.
F．Herd behaviours, while easy to explain, hold significant dangers.
G．The number of diners is unlikely to indicate the quality of the meal.

二、完形填空
At 33, I did something brave, or some would say stupid. I 21 Congress (国会). For years, I had existed safely 22 the scenes in politics as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The polls (投票), however, told a very 23 story. I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn’t worry about being 24 .
In 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code. We immediately see our girls’ 25 of not being perfect. When the girls are first learning how to code, she’ll say, “I don’t know what 26 to write.” and shows a 27 text editor. But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code and then 28 it. Instead of showing the 29 that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all.
Some people worry about our budget deficit (赤字), but I worry about our 30 deficit. Most girls are raised to 31 risk and failure. This is 32 women are underrepresented in STEM, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with 33 , and we’ve got to do it now. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to 34 their lives, and we have to show them that they will be loved and 35 not for being perfect but for being courageous.
21．A．ran for B．lied to C．voted against D．traded with
22．A．on B．off C．inside D．behind
23．A．classic B．simple C．different D．complex
24．A．risky B．perfect C．stupid D．beautiful
25．A．fear B．effort C．trouble D．struggle
26．A．code B．answer C．deficit D．character
27．A．random B．blank C．marked D．broken
28．A．used B．saved C．cracked D．deleted
29．A．mess B．success C．progress D．difference
30．A．honesty B．bravery C．generosity D．determination
31．A．face B．avoid C．admit D．expect
32．A．why B．how C．when D．where
33．A．doubt B．danger C．uncertainty D．imperfection
34．A．earn B．risk C．impact D．enjoy
35．A．inspired B．accepted C．tolerated D．protected

三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Celebrity giant panda He Ye, who 36 (believe) to be male after it was born in July 2020, is in fact female, according to a recent post from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.
“When He Ye was born, her gender 37 (characteristic) leaned toward being male, such as high urination (排尿), lively personality, and tall figure. However, as He Ye grew up, her male features did not develop 38 (according)” a keeper named Tan said.
Hearing the news, Chinese netizens expressed surprise and heatedly discussed the 39 (complex) of identifying the gender of a giant panda. Some called on researchers to conduct similar investigations into other giant pandas. Some other