单项填空解题指导4省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课百校联赛优质课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,单项填空,答 题 指 导,高考英语专题复习,1/62,单 项 填 空 题,命 题 特 征,具 备 能 力,命 题 手 段,命 题 要 点,解 题 技 巧,高 考 题 型专 题 复 习,2/62,灵 活 性 较 高,迷 惑 性 较 大,试 题 题 干 新 颖,交 际 性 原 则 明 确,语 境 地 位 突 出,知 识 覆 盖 面 广,命 题 特 征,3/62,单项填空的命题要点,连词、代词,形容词、副词,介词搭配,惯用短语,短语动词,情态动词,动词语态,句子结构,动词时态,非谓语动词,交际和文化,4/62,做单项选择题应,具备能力,一、记忆、了解和灵活利用英语中习惯用,语能力,二、基础词汇辨析能力,三、语法词汇知识在详细语境中 辨析,和灵活利用能力,四、正确分析句子结构能力,五、排除思维定势干扰能力,六、捕捉句中隐含信息能力,5/62,1,创设语境,2,设置干扰,3,思维定势,4,汉英差异,5,波折表示,1),打乱句型,2),插入语干扰,3),标点干扰,4),省略句干扰,命题惯用伎俩,6/62,1,创设语境法,1.-Do you have anything _?,-Oh,thank you,I can manage it myself.,A.to do B.to be done,C.doing D.do,7/62,2,设置干扰,(,打乱句式,),2.The officer gave orders that anyone,_a gun should be reported to the,police station.,A saw take B.seen taking,C.seeing take D.seen taken,8/62,2,设置干扰,(,加入插入语,),3.We havent heard from Jane for a long,time.,What do you suppose _ to her?,A was happening B.to happen,C.has happened D.having happened,9/62,2,设置干扰,(,标点符号,),4.The young mother saw her baby fall,to the ground;_ brought her,heart to her mouth.,A.it B.which,C.and that D.that,10/62,2,设置干扰,(,省略,),5.-How long have you been here?,-_ the end of last month.,A.In B.By C.At D.Since,11/62,3,思维定势,6.Not far from the club there was a garden,_ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.,A.whose B.its,C.which D.that,12/62,3,思维定势,7.Wang ling was elected _ all he is,the tallest.,A.because B.because of,C.for D.as,13/62,4,汉英差异,8.When we got to the top of the mountain the sun was rising _ the east.,A.to B.from,C.in D.at,14/62,5,波折表示,9.-She really sings perfectly.,-Yes,I have never heard _ voice.,A.a good Ba better,C.a best D.the best,15/62,解 题 技 巧,.,调序法,.,还原法,3.,省 略 法,4.,结 构 法,.,语 境 法,6.,关 键 词,16/62,应试技巧,1-,调序法,把不熟悉疑问句变为陈说句，被动语态变为主动语态，倒装语序变为陈说语序，更准确地分析句子结构，更轻易了解其意义，从而使题目变得简单。,应试技巧,1-,调序法,17/62,1.Who is it up _ decide whether to go,or not?,A.to to B.to C.for to D.to for,变为陈说句,It,is,up to,who,to decide whether to go or not.,Who,is,it up,to to,decide whether to go or not?,应试技巧,1-,调序法,18/62,2.Is this research center _ you visited the modern equipment last year?,A.where B.the one that,C.that D.the one where,This research center is,the one,where,you,visited,the modern equipment,last year.,Is this,the,research center _ you visited last year?,应试技巧,1-,调序法,that,19/62,3.Whom would you like to have _ with me?,A.went B.to go C.gone D.go,You would like to,have,whom _ with me.,go,Is _ likely to be any food at the party on Sundays?,A.he B.it C.there D.that,_ is likely to be any food at the party on Sundays?,There,应试技巧,1-,调序法,20/62,4.Word has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.,A.which B.that C.when D.as,They have put forward word_ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.,that,word=more middle school graduates,will be admitted into universities.,应试技巧,1-,调序法,21/62,5.Our time should be made good use of_.,A.study B.studied,C.studying D.to study,We should make good use of our time _.,to study,不定式作目标状语。,应试技巧,1-,调序法,22/62,6.Never _ time come back again.A.will lose B.will lost,C.will losing,D.will to lose,Lost,time,will,never come back again.,Never,will lost,time come back again.,应试技巧,1-,调序法,23/62,7.,We Chinese,_ having made great achievements in our socialist constructions,still have a long way to go.A.onceB.when C.unless D.though,_ having made great achievements,In our socialist constructions,We Chinese,still have a long way to go.,Though,we,have,Though having,应试技巧,1-,调序法,We Chinese,24/62,考查定,语从句时将先行词放在从句中还原成通顺句子；分词作状语变成对应定语从句或状语从句；承前省略句依据问句还原成完整句子，这么很轻易做出正确判断。,应试技巧,2-,还原法,应试技巧,2,还原法,25/62,_ in a recent science competition,the three top students were awarded scholarships totaling$21,000.,A.To be judged the best,B.Judged the best,C.Having judged the best,D.Judging the best,思维定势,Judging by/from.,The three students was,judged the best,应试技巧,2-,还原法,_ the three students the best,we awarded the three top students,Having judged,26/62,2._ as the first lady of speech,Dr,Lillian,Glass is recognized as one of the worlds leading experts on communication skills.,A.Knowing B.Having known,C.Known D.To be known,首先确定非谓语动词作状语，排除不定式（不是表示目标），然后还原成状语从句,.,Because she was known as the first lady of speech,Dr,Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the worlds leading experts on communication skills.,(Because she was),应试技巧,2-,还原法,Dr,Lillian Glass,27/62,3.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.,A.carried out B.carrying out,C.carry out D.to carry out,They would like to,see,the plan(=that/which),carried out,the next year.,应试技巧,2-,还原法,28/62,依据前面句子还原为：,Losing her new bicycle,made Mary so upset.,4.-What do you think made Mary so upset?-_ her new bicycle.,A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing,应试技巧,2-,还原法,29/62,5.,ONeal works hard.So he does.He is often seen _ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice.A.to be sweatedB.sweated C.be sweated D.sweating,We often see him sweating heavily,see sb.,doing,sth.,do,sth.,应试技巧,2-,还原法,30/62,6.,The artist _ the judge gave a prize is the teacher(_ I have been taught painting for over three years.A.from whom;by whom B.to whom;whoC.whom;who D.to whom;by whom,the judge gave a prize to the artist,I have been taught painting by the teacher for over three years.,to whom,by whom,(_ the judge gave a prize),_ I have been taught,painting,for over three years),应试技巧,2-,还原法,31/62,对于含有插入语或从句复杂句子，假如不考查此部分，首先应分析语境及句子结构，找出并在省略插入语或去掉与选项不相关从句情况下，重新分析句子结构，复杂句子结构就简单了；假如考查此部分，也缩小了语境。,应试技巧,3-,省略法,应试技巧,3,省略法,32/62,Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_ of course,made the others unhappy.,A.who B.which C.this D.what,Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_(of course,)made the others unhappy.,应试技巧,3-,省略法,33/62,2.John plays football _ if not,better than David.,A.so well B.as well as,C.as well D.so well as,John plays football,as well as,(,David,),if not better than David.,应试技巧,3-,省略法,34/62,3.The person we spoke to _no answer at first.A.make,B.making,C.makes,D.made,The person,（,we spoke to,）,_ no answer at first.,made,应试技巧,3-,省略法,.,35/62,4.The days we looked forward to _at last.A.comes B.to come,C.came D.coming,The days(we looked forward to)_ at last.,came,应试技巧,3-,省略法,(w,e looked forward to),36/62,5.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A.begins B.having begunC.beginning D.begun,once it is begun=once begun,应试技巧,3-,省略法,37/62,6.What does the model plane look like?,Well,the wings of the plane are _ of its body.,more than the length twice,B.twice more than the length,C.more than twice the length,D.more twice than the length,more than=over,可省略，和倍数句型无关,A is n times as great,（,long,，,much,）,as B,A is n times greater,（,longer,，,more,）,than B,A is n times the size,（,length,，,amount,）,of B,应试技巧,3-,省略法,38/62,对于复杂长句子，先划分从句，理清主句结构，确定试题考查那部分，尤其要注意标点符号作用。,应试技巧,4,结构法,应试技巧,4,结构法,39/62,1.The student _ my last letter is going to work in Tibet.A.referred B.referring in C.referred to in D.referring to,The student,(_ my last letter),is going,to work in Tibet.,The student,(who was referred to in my last letter),is going,to work in Tibet.,应试技巧,4,结构法,40/62,2.How did your students express their thanks to you on Teachers Day?A gift,together with many flowers _ sent to me by my students.A.is B.are C.was D.were,A gift,together with many flowers _,sent to me by my students.,应试技巧,4,结构法,(together with many flowers),was,(together with many flowers),41/62,3.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt,The flowers,(_ sweet in the botanic garden),attract,the visitors to the beauty of nature.,应试技巧,4,结构法,The flowers,smell,sweet,The flowers(,smelling,)attract,42/62,应试技巧,4,结构法,4._down the radio-the babys asleep in the next room.A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.Turn,-/;=,+and/but/so/for,由此判断出是并列句，前一个分句为祈使句。,43/62,5._ is well known to all,the earth is round.A.That B.With C.It D.As,(_ is well known to all),the earth is,round.,As,Cf.,It is well known to all,that,the earth is round.,It is well known to all,;,the earth is round.,应试技巧,4,结构法,44/62,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,有时命题人在题干中不明确将语言时间或空间背景标示出来，而是比较巧妙地隐含在句子中，稍不注意就会错选，语境暗示要把握上下文时间隐含、语义信息等线索，还要注意文化差异。,45/62,1.What an amazing film!Its the most,interesting film Ive ever seen.,But Im sure it wont interest _.,A.somebody B.anybody,C.nobody,D.everybody,But,转变第一个句子意思，,Some are interested,while some are not interested.,部分否定,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,46/62,2.,_ Mr Smith _ this week?,No.He is on holiday.,A.Has;worked B.Does;work,C.Did;work D.Is;working,He is on holiday,假如相反，则应说,He is working.,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,47/62,3.Will you please repeat your idea?,Certainly.But I think it certain you,_ your attention.,A.dont pay B.didnt pay,C.werent paying D.arent paying,语境了解出,pay,动作发生在刚才,report,那个特定时间。,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,48/62,There was a lot of fun at yesterdays partyYou_ come,but why didnt you?A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have,语义信息为：过去应该做事情而实际上没有去做。,should/ought to have done,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,49/62,1.can(not)have+Ved,对过去或已发生事情推测,多用于否定句或疑问句。,2.could have+Ved,表示原来能而实际没有做，可用于必定或否定。,3.may have+Ved,可能已经。必定或否定，普通不用疑问，多用,can,代替。,4.might have+Ved,原来能够做而没有做或过去可能已经做了。,5.must have+Ved,过去或现在必定完成。,6.should/ought to have+Ved,应该做而没有做。,7.neednt have+Ved,无须做而做了。,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,情态动词,+have+Ved,使用方法：,50/62,He studies English harder than _ in his class.A.any students B.any boys C.anyone D.any girl,He studies English harder than _ in his class.,不一样类别，不一样范围。,any girl,any other student,同范围,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,51/62,-I had a really good weekend at my uncles.-_ A.Oh,thats very nice of you,B.Congratulations,C.Its a pleasure,D.Oh,Im glad to hear that,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,52/62,-My daughter has passed the exam.,-Congratulations!Shes really intelligent.-_.A.No,no,she is nothing,B.Oh,thank you!,C.Sometimes she is intelligent,D.You are right,应试技巧,5,语境暗示,53/62,应试技巧,6,关键词,有些试题要抓住抓住关键词，使知识点和能力点详细化，利于快速确定正确答案。,54/62,1.Can you come to attend our party tonight?,Sorry,but I do wish I _.,A.hadB.can,C.willD.could,抓住,Wish,使用方法，后面从句用虚拟语气，和虚拟语气基本使用方法类似。,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,I wish it were spring all the year round.,We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.,55/62,2.It is necessary that people both young and old in China _ some English to be prepared for the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing in.,A.learn B.will learn,C.must learn D.have learned,It is necessary that sb.should do sth.,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,56/62,3.,Which of those electronic,dictionaries do you like most?,_.They are both expensive and,of little use.,A.NoneB.Both,C.NeitherD.All,both expensive and of little use,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,both,此句中不是指二者之间，是固定搭配。,57/62,4.Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons._.,A.So is Li Ming,B.So does Li Ming,C.It was the same with Li Ming,D.So it is with Li Ming,is,和,works,无法用一个助动词代替，即：,A,和,B,个代替一个动词，用固定句型。,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,58/62,5.We cant get the machine to run.There must be _ with it.,A.something wrong serious,B.something seriously wrong,C.something serious wrong,D.something wrong seriously,something seriously wrong,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,seriously,something wrong,59/62,6.What the remote areas need _ education to children and what the children need _ good textbooks at the moment.,A.is;are B.are;is,C.was;were D.were;was,What the remote areas need=,education,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,What the children need=,textbooks,60/62,7.,To be honest,I dont quite _ with,you some views on the matter.,A.agree B.share,C.include D.admit,关键词,with sb.sth.,agree with sb./sth.,share sth.with sb.,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,61/62,8.,Was it under the tree _ you were,away talking to a friend?,Sure.But when I get back there,the,car was gone.,A.that B.where,C.which D.while,干扰项,A,误认为是,强调结构,。,应试技巧,6,抓住关键词,关键词,car,Was the car under the tree while you,62/62,