资源描述
U1
1. conscience良知
We have undertaken to get the poor off our conscience.
2. republic 共和
3. Aliment 疾病
An imbalance between the rich and the poor is the oldest and most fatal aliments of republics.
4. Intellectual有思想的
5. Preoccupation孜孜不倦
And the problems that arise from the continuing coexistence of affluence and poverty have been an intellectual preoccupation for centuries.
6. Virtue 美德
Virtue is,indeed must be,self-centered.
7. to repair to 到...去（成群或经常去）
Couples in love should repair to R.H. Macy’s.
8. Design解决方法
Of our current designs we have to get the poor off...,the first is...
9. Case情况，做法
Still,the case is made that there is something gravely damaging about aid to the unfortunate.
10. belief 信念
11. Convenience 便利
Belief can be the servant of truth-but even more convenience.
12. High circle 高层
He is enjoying,as indicted,unparalleled popularity in high Washington circles.
13. To augment增加，增大
It appears to argument or diminish the happiness...
14. Fecundity生育
It was a product of their excessive fecundity.
15. Amelioration解决
The rich was not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.
16. Undue过度
The marriage ceremony contains a warning against undue.
17. overriding 最重要的
The overriding rule was survival of the fittest.
18. Extrude灭亡
The weak and unfortunate being extruded...
19. amorphous 无定形的，无组织的
We passed on to the more amorphous denial of poverty...
20. Enterprise行业
it has become an economically not unrewarding enterprise.
21. Succor援助
22. Louse up把...弄糟
It must not be asked to succor the poor; it will only louse things up or make things worse.
23. Allegation指责
The allegation of government incompetence is associated with...
24. Replete庞大的
We have great corporate bureaucracies replete with corporate bureaucrats.
25. Aberration失常
When these aberrations have occurred...
26. Seduce诱惑
27. Gainful赚钱的
It seduces people away from gainful employment.
28. Feckless无能的，不负责任的
They transfer income to idle and feckless.
29. Celebrated聚集
So are the philosophers now celebrated in Washington
30. Spur
The poor must have the cruel spur of their own.
31. Triage分类,救济的先后原则
By a triage,the worth would be selected to survive.
Unit2
1. stake a claim安家落户
My father stake a claim on an offshore island.
2. Brittle脆
Papa liked his corn bread made campfire style and flatted out into a brittle cracker.
3. Academy初中
4. Ranch农场
When papa finished school at the academy there,he worked as a cowboy on a ranch
5. Mean不重要的
By age 30,no mean job in those days.
6. gentle folk家族
We had made our home for a year where my mother’s gentle folks had settled...
7. Roost鸡舍
...and provide a roost for the chickens.
8. key up兴奋
We had been keyed up for this adventure...
9. Cutlery餐具
There were dutch ovens,tin cups and cutlery.
10. strike camp 收起帐篷
Sometimes we strike camp early enough for papa.
11. what with因为
Papa had given each of us a pole,and what with six of us fishing.
12. Lush繁茂的
13. Hammock硬木群落
14. Burly结实的
These lush hammocks were green with ferns.The burly arms of the oak ...
15. Invalid生病的
This merciless man had an invalid wife whom he adored.
16. Trepidation恐惧，忧虑
Not without trepidation,papa...
17. Stranglehold恶霸行为
18. Crook骗子
The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen,other legal crooks.
19. Blind隐蔽处所
Papa fired the shotgun several times from behind the blind he had built...
20. Unrelenting
Despite the unrelenting heat...无情的
Papa was unrelenting...不屈不挠的
21. Mite微小的东西
22. Wig假发
When papa brought the tiny mite into the kitchen,I thought it was a doll with a curly wig.
23. to draw a bead on瞄准
Two boys...capable hands and a bead drawn down on the man
24.nonchalant若无其事的
All he saw were two nonchalant little boys.
25. Strident刺耳的
Watson became more and more strident.
Lesson 3
A
1.blanket 以厚层覆盖
Noxious flames of smog blanket over major cities;
2. niche 生态位
Great forests have been cut down, destroying ecological niches and their resident species.
3. elaborate adj 复杂的，详尽的，精心制作的
This expresses the fact that the ecosphere is an elaborate network, in which each component part is linked to many others.
4. property 性质，性能
Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.
5. progressively 持续稳定地，逐步地
Year by year, less and less of the applied fertilizer was taken up by the crop and progressively more drained through the soil into groundwater, in the form of nitrates that contaminated river, lakes and water supplier.
6. closed 封闭的，关着的，不公开的
For example, the participating chemical elements move through closed cyclical process.
B.
7.unwitting 不知情的，糊里糊涂的，无意的
Even droughts, floods, and heat waves may become unwitting acts of man.
8. to portend 预兆，预示，预告（坏事）
Like the creation, the portending global events are cosmic.
9. Mundane 单调的，平凡的
We have become accustomed to the now mundane image of the Earth as seen from the first expedition to the moon.
10. Esoteric 秘传的，难懂的
Even if the global warming catastrophe never materializes, and the ozone hole remains an esoteric, polar phenomenon, already human activity has profoundly altered global conditions in ways that may not register on the camera.
11. carcinogenic 致癌的
Carcinogenic synthetic pesticides have been detected in mother’s milk all over the world.
12. Habitat 栖息地，产地 parasite 寄生物，寄生菌
The habitat of parasites; the fish hawk’s prey.
13. Existential = based on 存在的
The fish is not only, Existentially, a fish, but also an element of this network, which defines its functions.
14. To excrete 排泄
The fish excrete nitrogen-containing organic compounds in their waste.
15. to metabolize （使）产生新陈代谢
When the waste is metabolized by aquatic bacteria and molds, the organic nitrogen is converted to nitrate.
16. To ingest 摄入，食入，咽下
These, ingested by the fish, contribute to their organic waste, and the cycle is complete.
17. Innocuously 无害地，无毒地
Synthetic organic chemistry began innocuously enough about 150 years ago with the laboratory production of a common natural substance--urea--but soon departed from this imitative approach to produce a huge array of organic compounds never found in nature.
18. biodegradable 能进行生物降解的
Unlike a natural polymer such as cellulose, is not biodegradable--that is, there is no enzyme in any known living organism that can break it down.
19. parody 拙劣的模仿
In a parody of the “free market”, to buy and sell these rights.
20. Marauder 掠夺战利品的人，掠夺者
Protect all other species from the human marauder by endowing them with “rights”.
21. Curator 监护人
A woman who uses time saved by buying bread instead of baking it in order to work as a curator in an urban museum.
Lesson 4
A
tle 荨麻
And what I thought were flowering nettles with pinkish-purple clusters, and wild asters.
2. penned 围栏
Our well was deeper than most, but we needed a good supply of water for our penned animals-my father raised silver foxes and mink.
3. boarding house 旅馆，寄宿公寓
Who lived with him in hotel rooms or boarding houses, wherever he was working, and who went to whatever school was at hand.
4. Cab 出租车
Mike and I climbed into the cab when it rained.
5. To dress 包扎
So that she could drag him away and dress his wounds as quickly as possible.
6. Belly button 肚脐
To his pale tender stomach, with its sweet and vulnerable belly button.
7. To dovetail 与。。。吻合
Our pregnancies had dovetailed, so that we had managed with one set of maternity clothes.
8. Blowup 爆发
At last a blowup.
9. Club 棍棒
I had an idea that some of the clubs were called irons and that the course itself was called the links.
10. To parcel about 定期到来
Of course, the children, who were to be parcelled about.
B.
11. Crabby 脾气暴躁
The maples friendly, the hawthorn old and crabby.
12. Pit 凹坑
Even the pits on the river flats had their distinct character.
13. Scummy 长满浮渣的
Slipping on the scummy rocks below the surface.
14. To plow 犁，耕地
And plowing through mats of flat-leafed water lilies.
15. To zing 发尖啸声
There was a keen alarm when the cry came, a wire zinging through your body,a fanatic feeling of devotion.
16. Slimy 粘滑的
He lay limp and still while I pressed slimy large leaves to his forehead and throat.
17. Resurrection 复活，复兴
The game disintegrated, after a long while, in arguments and mass resurrection.
18. Thump 砰砰声 howl 咆哮
My heart was beating in big thumps, like howls happening in my chest.
19. Newfangled 新奇
And I had moved for the newfangled reason that was proved of only in some special circles.
20. Deli 便利店
I stopped cooking breakfast and went out every morning to get coffee and fresh rolls at the Italian deli.
21. Sun porch 由玻璃围起的房子
I would sit and write for hours at a wooden table under the windows of a former sun porch.
22. Veranda 走廊，阳台
The bricks of the house showed a scar where a veranda had been torn away.
23. Tromping 嬉闹
Sunny’s boys were tromping around in the yard.
24. Beguiled 欺骗，欺诈
The notion of being a wife beguiled me, just as if I had never been one.
25. Clubhouse 俱乐部
Soon after that we pulled into the parking lot beside the clubhouse.
26.splatter 噼噼啪啪的雨
It was the real rain, coming at us behind the splatter we were getting.
27. to squish 挤落
Our lips slid against each other, slick and cool, and the pressure of the embrace made us slightly chilly, as fresh water was squished out of our clothing.
28. welt 伤痕 blotch 污迹
On an early weekend the boys had gone down into the weedy field behind the barn and come back covered with welts and blotches.
Lesson five
1. To approach 着手处理，对付
Approachable 和蔼可亲的，能达到的
What mattered equally was the spirit in which these settlers approached the economic and social challenges offered by the environment.
2. Faith 信任，信念，信心
Faithful 忠诚的，如实的，可信赖的
Faithfully 准确地，如实地
Faithless 不忠诚的，不可信任的
One factor was the deep faith in education.
4. To report 报道，公布，发表，宣布
Reportage 新闻报道，报道风格，报道文体
Reportedly 据说，据报道
These words accurately report the American national experience.
5. Intelligences 智力，才智
Intelligent 有才智的，聪明的 intelligently
Ideology has attracted some of the strongest intelligences mankind has produced
6. To condition 对.....具有重要影响
Conditional 附带条件的 conditioning 训练，条件作用
The American mind was conditioned by one of the noblest and most formidable structures of analysis ever devised.
7. To translate (使)转变，变为
Translation 转变，转化
Translator 译员
To translate Americanism into a set of binding propositions.
8. Temper 心情，情绪，心境
Indeed,the whole ideological enterprise contradicted Jefferson’s temper,which was basically flexible and experimental.
9. Free 能随自己意愿的，随心所欲
A universe where free ,men may find partial truths,but where no mortal man will ever get an absolute grip on Absolute Truth.
10. To betray 辜负，背叛，对.....不忠
Betrayal （被）背叛，出卖
The history of the twentieth century is a record of the manifold ways in which humanity has been betrayed by ideology.
1. epoch 时代，纪元，时期
In an epoch dominated by the aspirations of new states for national development.
2. Underdevelopment 不发达
It is instructive to recall that the United States itself began as an underdevelopment country.
3. To attribute 把.....归因于，认为....是由于
Attribution
4. Productivity 生产率
Economic historians attribute two-thirds of the growth in American output over the centuries of American development to increases in productivity.
5. tangible 有形的
Tangibly
A rupee devoted to railways,dams,machine tools,or other tangible capital goods.
7. Dogmatic 自以为是的，教条的，武断的
dogmatism 教条主义
But fundamental to all of these,and perhaps the single most important explanation the comparative speed of American development,has been the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic order.
8. Dogma 教义，信条
By ideology I mean a body of systematic and rigid dogma by which people seek to understand the world.
9. Temptation 引诱，诱惑
Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently immune to the ideological temptation.
10. theology 神学，宗教学
11. Intellect 智力高的人
12. Secular 世俗的
Calvinist theology ,and any intellect so shaped was bound to have certain vulnerability to secular ideology ever after.
13. to endow 天生赋有
Endowment 天赋，天资
14. creed 信念，原则
15. Americanism 美国特色
16. To construe 理解，领会
There have been hedgehogs throughout American history who have attempted to endow America with an all-inclusive creed,to translate Americanism into a set of binding propositions,and to construe the national tradition in terms of one of another ultimate law,
17. spectrum 范围，各层次，序列，幅度
It has not permitted dogma to falsify reality,imprison experience,or narrow the spectrum of choice.
18. Skepticism 怀疑论，怀疑的态度
This skepticism about ideology has been a primary source of the social inventiveness which has marked so much of development.
19. empirical 以实验为依据的，经验主义
20. Pragmatic 实用的，讲求实效的
The most vital American social thought has been empirical,practical,pragmatic.
21. freehold (房地产）自由保有
That the small freehold system was the only foundation for freedom.
22. Salient 最重要的，显著的，突出的
It is a model derived from actuality,a model designed to isolate certain salient features of actuality which the model builder,the ideologist,regards as of crucial importance.
24. discourse 论文，演讲
In fact,we could not conduct discourse without them.
26. fatalistic 宿命论
It commits those who believe in ideology to a fatalistic view of history.
27. custody 监护，保管
Custodial 监护权的 custodian 监护人
28. Infallible 永无过失的，一贯正确的
29. Priesthood 牧师
Whose principles are fixed,whose values and objectives are deducible from a central body of social dogma and often whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthood.
30. Streaming 流动
It is his belief that the world as a whole can be understood from a single viewpoint that everything in the abundant and streaming life of man is reducible to a single abstract system of interpretation.
31. Contingency 可能发生的事，偶发事件
A universe marked by growth,variety,ambiguity,mystery,and contingency
33. Instrumentality 手段，工具
The world is coming to understand that the mixed economy offered the instrumentalities through which one can unite social control with individual freedom.
34. Predestined 命中注定的，上天安排的
Along a single predestined line,toward a single predestined conclusion,and those who think that humanity in the future.
35. Infirmity 体弱，生病
They accept the limitations of the human intellect and the infirmity of the human spirit.
Unit 6
1. prop n.道具
I found myself cast suddenly in the role of pig's friend and physician - a farcical character with an enema bag for a prop
（vt.支
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