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英语新闻热词.docx

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新闻热词:“应急避难场所”怎么说 如果发生地震、火灾等灾难,应该到哪里去避难?应急避难场所。那么,应急避难场所怎么说呢? 请看新华社的报道: A total of 20 to 30 emergency shelters, with a combined holding capacity of 1.5 million to 2 million people, the shelter area provision in the city proper of only around 1 square meters per person and a floor area of more than 2,000 square meters, should be built each year in Beijing city areas, according to the "The Layout of the Emergency and Disaster Shelters in Beijing City Proper". 根据《北京中心城地震及应急避难场所(室外)规划纲要》,今后北京的中心城每年要完成20-30处应急避难场所,可以接纳150万至200万人,总面积超过2000平方米,人均面积标准不得少于1平方米。 应急避难场所为“emergency shelters”;或者说“emergency and disaster shelters”; 疏散通道为“evacuation routes”。 新闻热词:“退役军人”怎么说 每个退役军人都曾为国家做出了很大的贡献。因此,妥善安置退役军人,解决退役军人的实际困难,是政府必须做好的工作。 请看《中国日报》的报道: Job applicants will be entitled to sue employers for discrimination from Jan. 1 under the new national Employment Promotion Law. The law was drawn up to help create opportunities for more than 13 million new job seekers entering the market each year, particularly for laid-off workers, university graduates, ex-servicemen and migrant workers in urban areas. 报道中说,新出台的就业促进法从明年1月1日开始生效,找工作的人如果遭遇歧视可以起诉招聘方。该法规的目的是为每年1300万的找工作的人创造机会,尤其是下岗工人、大学毕业生、退役军人和民工。 这里的“ex-servicemen”指的就是退役军人。“Serviceman”是“军人”的意思,“ex-”是前缀,“之前的,前任”的意思,合在一起就是“退役军人”。经常与“ex-”一起出现的词还有“ex-wife”(前妻)、“ex-president”(前任总统) 等。 新闻热词:“剩饭”怎么说 去饭店吃饭,难免会剩下一些菜和饭。虽然可以打包,但是人们一般也只是挑些贵的菜打包。为了治理这种浪费现象,香港的餐馆正在采取一些措施。 请看《中国日报》相关报道: Eleven restaurants in a Hong Kong mall have responded to a call by green groups to start offering smaller-portion meals. The restaurants in Olympican City take HK$1 ($0.12) off the bill if customers ask for less rice with their order. According to the environment department of Hong Kong, leftovers account for a third of the region's solid waste. An earlier survey by an environmental group found that Hongkong residents left one third of the rice when eating out. 报道中说,香港已经有11家餐馆响应了绿色组织的号召,开始供应小碗米饭。之前的一则调查显示,剩饭占该地区固体废弃物总数的三分之一。香港市民去餐馆吃饭的时候,三分之一的米饭被剩下。 这里的“leftovers”指的就是“剩饭”。“Leftover”是一个统称,泛指一顿饭结束时剩下的东西。它还可以当形容词用,意为“剩下的”。如,Use any leftover meat to make a curry.(要是有剩肉就做咖喱菜。) 新闻热词:“在职培训”怎么说 在这个经济飞速发展的社会,我们只有不断学习,才能不被时代落下。对于已经走出校门步入工作岗位的人,参加在职培训不失为一个提高自我的好方法。 请看《中国日报》相关报道: The country is now in a period of rapid economic restructuring. Its 700 million laborers have to improve their skills and continue their education. Both formal education and on-the-job training should be extended. The latter is an important channel for people to obtain new knowledge and necessary skills. 报道中说,我国有7亿的劳动者都需要提高技术、接受继续教育。正式教育和在职教育都需要扩大范围。在职教育是人们获得新知识和必要技能的重要途径。 这里的“on-the-job training”指的就是“在职培训”。“On”、“the”和“job”构成一个形容词,修饰“training”。类似的构词还有“on-the-spot reports”(现场报道)。 新闻热词:“主持婚礼”怎么说 还记得老一辈人结婚一般都是请单位领导或比较德高望重的人来主持婚礼,而现在的人结婚基本上都是请婚庆公司的司仪来主持了。那么,“主持婚礼”用英语怎么说呢? 请看《中国日报》相关报道: A man in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, who donated his bone marrow to save a girl with leukemia, got married in a hospital ward right after the operation on August 23. Officials from the local Red Cross presided over the wedding, and wished the couple all happiness for their act of charity. 报道中说,郑州一个小伙子在为一个患白血病的女孩捐献骨髓后,在病房里与未婚妻完成了婚礼。当地红十字会的领导为他们主持了婚礼,并祝他们永远幸福。 这里的“preside over the wedding”指的就是“主持婚礼”。“Preside over”是“主持会议或仪式”的意思。而主持婚礼的人,即“司仪”,英语中叫“master of ceremonies”。 新闻热词:奇妙“月全蚀” 8月28日,奇妙天象月全蚀再次上演,中国老百姓再次重温了“天狗吃月亮”的传说。这次月全蚀从16时51分持续至20时24分。下次再想观赏月全蚀就得等到2011年的6月16日了。 请看外电相关报道: The total lunar eclipse, the second this year, will be visible in North and South America, especially in the West. People in Europe, Africa or the Middle East, who had the best view of the last total lunar eclipse in March, won't see this one because the moon will have set when the partial eclipse begins at 4:51 am EDT. The full eclipse will begin an hour later at 5:52 am EDT. 报道中说,本年度第二次月全蚀可以在北美洲、南美洲,尤其是西部地区观测到。欧洲、非洲和中东地区的人观测不到此次月全蚀,因为月偏蚀在美国东部夏令时间早上4:51开始,那时那边的月亮已经落山了。月全蚀在一个小时后的5:52出现。 这里的“total lunar eclipse”说的就是月全蚀。月全蚀是自然界的一种现象,当太阳、地球、月球三者恰好或几乎在同一条直线上时(地球在太阳和月球之间),月亮全部走进地球的本影,就产生了月全蚀。 “Eclipse”是“日蚀”或“月蚀”的意思,加上修饰语“lunar”就是“月蚀”。另外,“月蚀”还可以说成“an eclipse of the moon”。以此类推,“日蚀”也就是“an eclipse of the sun”。 此外,“全蚀”和“偏蚀”分别叫做“a total eclipse”和“a partial eclipse”。 新闻热词:“胎教”怎么说 在竞争如此激烈的社会里,每个家长都希望自己的孩子更聪明。为了使自己的宝宝一出生就比别人有优势,胎教成了许多准妈妈们的重点研究对象。除了我们熟悉的给胎儿听音乐、跟它说话,现在还有抚摸胎教、艺术胎教、光照胎教等多种方法。 请看《中国日报》相关报道: Old fetal education advocated eating well, keeping an emotional balance, maximizing exposure to "high culture" such as art, and maintaining a peaceful environment. The new regime requires expectant mothers not only to just sit in a beautiful garden, but verbally describe the flowers and trees to the fetus to promote early language development. 报道中说,传统的胎教提倡吃好、保持情绪稳定、多接触艺术等高雅文化以及维护和谐的环境。而现代的胎教不仅要求准妈妈们坐在漂亮的花园里,还要给胎儿描述周围的花草树木,以促进胎儿早期的语言发展。 这里的“fetal education”指的就是胎教。“Fetal”是“胎儿的”意思,“胎儿”在英语中叫“fetus”。 新闻热词:“户口”重要吗? 每到毕业生找工作的时候,北京各大高校的论坛谈论的焦点便是哪些单位可以解决户口,而上海高校的的论坛谈论的则是今年多少分可以落户。被学生们这么看重的户口,用英语到底怎么说呢? 请看《中国日报》相关报道: Beijing is bulging as its population has exceeded 17 million, only 1 million to go to reach the ceiling the city government has set for 2020.The figure breaks down into 12.04 million holders of Beijing "hukou", or household registration certificates, and 5.1 million floating population, sources with the Ministry of Public Security said at Monday's workshop on the country's management of migrants. 报道中说,到目前为止,北京市人口已经突破1700万,距离北京市政府设定的2020年1800万人口的目标仅差100万。其中,1200多万人持有北京户口,其余500多万为流动人口。 这里的“household registration certificates”就是很多人看重的“户口”,一种居住在某地的凭证。 在北京,没有北京户口的人需要办“暂住证”(temporary residency permits),表示你临时居住在这里。请看下面例句:The ministry also called for simplified procedures for migrants to get their temporary residency permits.(政府呼吁简化外来人口办理暂住证的流程。) 新闻热词:“廉租房”怎么说? 为了缓解低收入家庭的住房压力,政府在推出经济适用房之后,又推出了廉租房。但是,只有一部分城市实施了廉租房制度,而对于一些已经实施的城市来说,廉租房的数量还是太少。 请看《中国日报》相关报道: Premier Wen Jiabao pledged at the National People's Congress in March to provide more money to support low-rent housing and increase the availability of affordable housing. According to official figures, low-rent housing was available in 291 cities at or above the prefecture level as of last year. Such housing will be extended to all cities and towns by the end of this year. 报道中说,温家宝总理在3月召开的人代会上表示,要拿出更多资金支持廉租房制度,增加经济适用房的数量。官方数据显示,去年我国只有291个地级以上城市实施了廉租房制度,到今年年底,所有城市都将建立廉租房制度。 这里的“low-rent housing”指的就是廉租房。“Housing”是各种房子的统称,“low”跟“rent”组成合成词,修饰“housing”。 此外,文中的“affordable housing”指的是经济适用房,从字面意思看,就是能负担得起的房子。 新闻热词:“探月工程”怎么说? 历经三年的研发和测试,我国的探月工程(嫦娥工程)已经正式转入发射实施阶段。这是一个完全自主创新的工程,也是我国实施的第一次探月活动。那么,“探月工程”用英语怎么表达呢? 请看《中国日报》相关报道: China's lunar probe program has no purpose other than scientific achievement, and it is not competing with any other country, a senior official said yesterday. 报道中说,中国的探月工程是为了进行科学探测,没有其他目的,也不与其它国家争夺任何利益。 这里的“lunar probe program”指的就是探月工程。如果用动词表示的话,可以说“explore the Moon”(探测月球)。 另外,此次探月工程中使用的月球卫星“嫦娥一号”可以用“the lunar orbiter Chang'e I”来表达。如,All technologies used in the lunar orbiter Chang'e I originates from China's Earth satellites. (月球卫星“嫦娥一号”中使用的所有技术都源自中国的地球卫星。) 新闻热词:“处女作”怎么说? 处女作指的是作家、导演、演员、歌手等的第一部作品。俗话说,万事开头难。所以,不管他们的处女作能否一炮打响,让他们一夜走红,都会在他们的心里有特殊的位置,给他们留下很深的印象。 请看《中国日报》相关报道: Soon the job as an art designer could no longer satisfy him. He started writing scripts and in 1994, he got a bank loan for his maiden work. "From the very beginning I was shooting film by loan," he says, "which gave me big pressure to perform well at box office, otherwise I could have gone to jail. People who are saying that Feng Xiaogang is more focused on market performance than artistic value don't know the hardships in my early days." 报道中说,艺术设计的工作不久就不能满足冯小刚,于是他开始写剧本,并且在1994年为他的处女作拿到了一笔银行贷款。冯小刚说,从一开始拍电影的时候,他就承受着票房压力。如果票房不好,他可能会因为还不上贷款而进监狱。 这里的“maiden work”指的就是处女作,“work”是“作品”的意思。此外,与“maiden”一起构成的词还有“maiden sword”(新刀,尚未染过血的刀),“maiden battle”(第一仗)和“maiden trip”(首次航行)等。 新闻热词:“硕博连读”怎么说? 奥运会冠军刘翔因为忙于训练和备战奥运会,无法像其他同学一样正常到校上课,为此,华东师范大学特意送课上门,保证刘翔完成硕博连读的课程,那么,“硕博连读”怎么说呢? 请看《中国日报》的报道: Liu Xiang can take his time finishing his postgraduate and doctoral programs of study at the School of Sports and Health Care (SSHC) at East China Normal University, said Li Xiaoying, vice-president of SSHC. "He is a special student," said Li. "The successive postgraduate and doctoral programs of study will usually take six years, but the time is not a problem for Liu as long as he can finish and pass all the courses." Liu Xiang has received face-to-face lessons from notable professionals during his trainings at the Shanghai Xinzhuang training base. "We know Liu has to spend most of his time in the training base. So we will send his teachers there to give him lessons individually," Li added. 华东师范大学体育与健康学院副院长李小英介绍说,硕博连读通常要花6年时间,刘翔的情况比较特殊,他只要修完课程,学习年限并不是最关键的问题。李小英介绍说因为刘翔忙于比赛和训练,华师大将特意安排老师去莘庄训练基地为他授课。 硕博连读表达为 “successive postgraduate and doctoral programs of study”, 与此相关的词汇有: 单独授课 face-to-face lessons 保研postgraduate recommendation 研究生入学考试为 postgraduate qualification exam 新闻热词:“摩天轮”怎么说? 大家都喜欢坐摩天轮,观赏城市景色,用不了多久,北京也将建成自己的摩天轮,那么“摩天轮”怎么说呢? 请看新华社的报道: Beijing started to build the world's largest Ferris wheel, hoping to offer tourists a bird's-eye view of the city. The Great Ferris, being built in Chaoyang Park of eastern Beijing, will stand 208 meters high to commemorate the 2008 Olympic Games, to be held in the Chinese capital next August. 全球最高摩天轮日前在北京朝阳公园正式破土动工,以纪念明年8月在北京举行的奥运会。高达208米的摩天轮建成后将成为北京又一标志性的观景旅游建筑。 摩天轮即 “Ferris wheel”;标志性建筑(摩天轮)“the landmark wheel”;(摩天轮的)轿厢“compartments”。 新闻热词:“签署”怎么说? 温家宝总理于11月2日正式出访亚欧四国,最后一站是莫斯科,中俄两国总理会晤期间将签署多个双边合作协议。那么“签署”怎么说呢? 请看《中国日报》的报道: There will be more than 10 cooperative agreements to be inked between China and Russia next week, including those on energy, finance, high-tech and partnership between reciprocal small- and medium-sized enterprises, Russia's ambassador to China Sergey Razov said. Wen Jiabao will meet with Russian President Vladimir Putin and hold talks with Prime Minister Viktor Zubkov at the 12th Sino-Russian prime ministers' regular meeting, he said. The two prime ministers will talk about cooperation between the two countries in major international and regional issues, Razov said. Coordination in Russia's development strategy for the Far East and eastern Siberia and China's program on revitalizing the old industrial base of the northeast are also on the agenda. 中国国务院总理温家宝将于11月5-6日访问莫斯科,届时将与俄总理祖布科夫共同主持中俄政府首脑第十二次定期会晤,两国总理会晤期间将签署十多个核能、金融、重点高科技项目和中小企业等领域的双边合作协议。俄罗斯驻华大使拉佐夫说。 大使介绍说,两国总理会晤期间还将讨论发展两国地区间合作和边境合作的问题。双方还将就俄罗斯远东东西伯利亚地区的发展战略和中国振兴东北老工业基地战略之间的协调工作等进行深入的探讨。 签署用“ink”表示,签署合作协议可以说“ink a pact/cooperative agreement”。 新闻热词:“工资下滑”怎么说? 工资下滑 wages slide/slump 随着中国大陆本土人才竞争力加剧,在内地工作的香港和海外专业人员的薪资水平出现下滑趋势。那么,工资“下滑”怎么说呢? 请看《中国日报》的报道: Professionals from Hong Kong and overseas working on the mainland have seen their wages slump as local workers become more competitive, a survey by the HK Baptist University and HK People Management Association has said. Between the second half of 2006 and first half of this year, managers' salaries fell 15.4 percent from 674,465 yuan ($90,000) to 570,841 yuan, while supervisors' wages were down 25.3 percent from 353,013 yuan to 263,620 yuan. The average wage for general staff rose 25.7 percent over the same period, from 211,225 yuan to 265,504 yuan. 由香港浸会大学和香港人才管理协会联合组织的一项调查表明,随着中国内地的本土人才更具竞争力,在内地工作的香港和海外专业人员的薪资水平呈现下降态势。 从2006年下半年到今年上半年期间,在内地担任经理的香港人的薪资下降了15.4%,年薪从674465元下降到570841元;而主管的工资下降了25.3%,从353013元下降到263620元。只是做一般工作的人员享受了薪资提升,从211225元增加到了265504元。 工资下滑表示为“salary/wage slide/ slump”,其他表示下降的常用说法有:fall, decrease, decline, down; 上升有rise, increase, up. 新闻热词:“科学考察”怎么说? 我国第24次南极科学考察队本周乘坐“雪龙”号科学考察船,从上海启程,正式开始了南极之旅。那么,“科学考察”怎么说呢? A group of scientists set sail from Shanghai, marking the start of the country's 24th scientific expedition to Antarctica. The ship Xuelong, or Snow Dragon, carrying 91 members of what will eventually be a 188-strong expedition team and 40 crew members, left Shanghai. “We expect to be home on April 18," the ship's captain, said. “It’s the largest scientific expedition team China has sent to Antarctica. The expedition will lay the foundations for China's in-depth exploration of the Antarctic." 我国第24次南极科学考察队从国内出发的考察队员共188人,是除我国第一次南极科学考察活动外,考察人数最多的一次。科考队预计于2008年4月回到上海。本次考察活动将对进一步进行南极深度科学考察活动打下基础,科学考察团考察船“雪龙号”的船长介绍道。 科学考察简称“科考”就是“scientific expedition”,科学考察团为“scientific expedition team”。 相关词汇有 科考队科学家scientist-explorers 科学研究站scientific research station 南极之旅expedition to Antarctic 新闻热词:“追尾”怎么说? 美国加利福尼亚州中部一段高速公路上周发生大雾,造成一起100多辆车追尾的严重交通事故,至少两人在事故中死亡,数十人受伤。那么,“追尾”怎么说呢? 请看外电的报道: More than 100 cars and trucks are involved in the massive pileup on Highway 99 just south of Fresno as patches of dense fog obscured visibility on the heavily traveled roadway, the California Highway Patrol officials Paul Solorzano Jr.said. 加州高速公路巡逻局官员保罗•索洛萨诺说,出事路段交通繁忙,属于弗雷斯诺市以南的第99号高速公路。当时雾很大,能见度很低,造成100多辆车严重追尾。 这里,pileup 表示 “连环相撞,多车追尾”,属于非正式用语,massive pileup 表示“大规模追尾”。 相关词汇有 chain-reaction collisions 连锁相撞 dense fog 浓雾(能见度为零) visibility 能见度 fog-shrouded freeway 大雾笼罩路段 freeway shoulder 高速公路一侧的边缘 新闻热词:“再生水”怎么说? 由于北京近几年投入大量资金进行水污染治理及再生水设施建设,通惠河、坝河、清河、凉水河水系的水污染已取得成效,城区水环境得到了明显改善。那么,“再生水”怎么说呢? 请看新华社的报道: "In 2006, we recycled 46 percent of the treated water and the commitment on water treatment will be surpassed this year after a 10 billion yuan ($1.34 billion) investment in the city's sewerage system over the last decade," Wang Hongchen, chief engineer of the Beijing Drainage Group, told a news conference at the Qinghe plant. 北京排水集团总工程师王洪臣在清河污水处理厂介绍说,北京治理污水10多年来,共投入资金100多亿元进行水污染治理和再生水设施建设。2006年北京的再生水回用率已达到46%,今年这一比例将超过去年。 再生水为 “recycled/ treated water”; 污水处理为“sewage treatment”,水回收装置为“water reclamation plant”。 新闻热词:“封杀”怎么说? “封杀”这个词相信大家都不陌生,明星若是耍大牌,常常会引来媒体的声讨以致被“封杀”;近两年时尚界开始注重健康形象,“封杀”过瘦模特;在小贝决定加盟洛杉矶银河队但还没有转会时,也曾被老东家皇马“封杀”。 在英文里,常用来表达“封杀”的有shut out、throw out、force out、ban,我们来分别看一下。 1. Shut out Shut out 有“把……排除在外Exclude, deny entry to, block”的意思,演变为现在的流行语“封杀”,例如: Anyone convicted of a crime is shut out from the legal profession. 有犯罪前科的人不能从事法律行业。 Right now one can generally confirm that domestic internet companies are uniting to shut out Gmail. 目前大体可以确认,国内的网络公司在联手封杀Gmail服务。 2. Throw out Throw out 从字面上看,大家也不难猜出它的意思,就是“抛弃,扔掉,赶出”,总之就是一种“禁止”的意思,例如:We threw out her proposal. 我们拒绝了她的提议。 He was thrown out of the country club for failing to pay his dues. 他付不起会费,被乡村俱乐部除名了。 The bartender threw out the drunk. 男侍把醉汉赶了出去。 It's your play. The runner was thrown out in a close play. 该由你走了。赛跑者已被封杀出局。 3. Force out  Force out 最初指在体育的垒球运动中“封杀出局”:即当击球员成为跑垒员时,造成击跑员或前位跑垒员丧失跑垒的权利,而被封杀出局。现在这个词也用来指一般的“封杀”,例如: High rents force out Veteran Clubs in New York City. 纽约城高昂的租金封杀了老兵俱乐部。 4. Ban Ban也是用来表达“禁止”,也可以理解为“封杀”,比如: The world's first ban on overly thin models at a top-level fashion show in Madrid has caused outrage among modeling agencies and raised the prospect of restrictions at other catwalk pageants. 马德里高级时装秀首次封杀骨感模特,这一行为引起了模特经纪公司的愤怒,其他时尚秀也可能会出台类似禁令。 果然,主办伦敦时装周的行业组织英国时装理事会在今年2月时装周的前一周致信设计师,要求他们只能用那些16岁以上形象健康的模特。 However, it has stopped short of
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