中石油职称英语2013版(60课全).doc

中石油职称英语2013版
说明：2010原有的40课不记得下载的谁整理的了。43、45、48、49、60等5课感谢lzshkjp
37、38、41课由石油人整理，一并感谢。
目录
1 、The Value of Time 3
2、English is a Crazy[a.疯狂的] Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言 4
3． All I Learned in Kindergarten[n.幼儿园]幼儿园所学的…… 7
4、How to negotiate with americans(需补充) 9
5、Network Security 9
6、Carbon-based Alternative[adj.非传统的,不同的] 碳基替代燃料 12
7、Automatic Auto: A Car That Drives Itself 14
8、our Family Creed 19
9、The art of public[adj.公共的；公开的] Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 21
10、Investing in clean energy 24
11.Smoking and Cancer[n.癌症] 吸烟和癌 25
12The Positive Meanings of Love 28
13Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits 32
14.Taking chances[(chance):n.机会；可能性],Making chances[(chance):n.机会；可能性] 抓住机遇，制造机遇 37
15.The Province[n.省] of Alberta[n.亚伯达[加拿大西部之一省]] 阿尔伯达省 40
16、The American Way: Family 美国人的家庭观 42
17, Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity 计算机技术极大提高生产效率(新） 44
19.A World without Oil[n.油] 假如世界没有石油 47
20、The Germanic[a.德国的,条顿民族的,条顿语的] Languages日耳曼语系 50
21.How Americans Eat and Drink 美国人的饮食 53
22.The Delights[(delight):n.快乐 vt.使快乐] of South Island 南岛之乐 56
23.A Sandpiper[n.矶鹞] to Bring You Joy[n.欢乐；高兴；乐趣] 矶鹞带来快乐 58
24.An Introduction[n.引进；介绍] to Distillation[n.蒸馏] 蒸馏概述 63
25. Hints[(hint):n.暗示,示意] to Improve[vt.改进；更新] Spoken English 提高英语口语须知 67
26.The Moon-Riddle from the Past月球-来自远古之谜 69
27.The Delight[n.快乐 vt.使快乐] of Books 书之乐趣 72
28.The Magic[adj.有魔力的] of Energy[n.精力；能量] 能的魔力 75
29、How to Reduce Employee Turnover 78
30、 That "Other Woman" in My Life 我生命中的“另一个女人” 80
31.Geography[n.地理；地理学] of USA 美国地理概况 83
32. The Old Man and the Sea (Excerpt[n.摘录]) 参考译文：老人与海(节选) 86
33.Petroleum[n.石油] Geology[n.地质学;(某地)地质] and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学 90
34.What Do Parents Owe[vt.欠(债等)] Their Children 父母欠子女什么？ 93
35、Trends for the 21st Century 97
36.You Bet[v.打赌] Your Life 以命相赌 99
37. Radiation and Human Health 102
38，To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命 错误!未定义书签。
39.I Didn't Know How to Teach Until I Met You 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 114
40.An Introduction[n.引进；介绍] to Petrochemicals[(petrochemical):a.石化的 n.石化产品] 石油化工产品概述 118
41、The Subject of Smiling微笑问题 122
42.A $210,000 WALLET[n.(放钞票等的)皮夹子]1 价值21万美元的钱包 129
43、What's Your Best Time of Day?何时是你一天中最佳的时间？ 138
44.Fundamental[a.基本的,根本的] Techniques[(technique):n.技术；方法] in Handling[(handle):n.柄，把手] People 处理人际关系的基本技巧 149
45，Happiness Index幸福指数（新） 157
46.Becoming Wealthy[a.富的]:It's Up to You 致富取决于你自己 164
47.Oil[n.油]（油） 172
48，Ocean Plant Life in Decline海洋植物数量锐减（新） 179
51.Not Quite Ready to Retire[v.退下;离开]1 退休为时尚早 201
52.Sales[(sale):n.卖；出售] Promotion[n.提升,晋级] 产品促销 212
54.Why To Mark[vt.标明；作记号于] a Book 怎样在书上做标记 227
55.Earth's Last Frontier[n.新领域,未知领域]:The Sea 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域 236
56.Why Antarctica[n.南极洲] Is Being Explored[(explore):v.勘探;探究] 为什么要勘探南极洲 245
57.Listening Faults[(fault):n.缺点；毛病] 聆听的误区 256
58.Your Are What You Think 你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人 266
59.The Audacity[n.大胆,厚颜] of Hope 有希望则无所畏惧 277
60, Future of Energy能源的未来（新） 289

1 、The Value of Time  

Robert William Service
“Time” says the proverb “is money.” This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets. If our time is usefully employed, it will either turn out some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our capacities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. There can thus be no doubt that time is convertible (可转换的) into money. Let those who think nothing of wasting time, remember this; let them remember that an hour misspent is equivalent to the loss of a bank-note; and that an hour utilized is tantamount（与…等同） to so much silver or gold; and then they will probably think twice before they give their consent to the loss of any part of their time.
Moreover, our life is nothing more than our time. To kill time is therefore a form of suicide. We are shocked when we think of death, and we spare no pains, no trouble, and no expense to preserve life. But we are too often indifferent to the loss of an hour or of a day, forgetting that our life is the sum total of the days and of the hours we live. A day or an hour wasted is therefore so much life forfeited(没收，丧失). Let us bear this in mind, and waste of time will appear to us in the light of a crime as culpable（该责备的） as suicide itself.
There is a third consideration which will also tend to warn us against loss of time. Our life is a brief span measuring some sixty or seventy years in all, but nearly one half of this has to be spent in sleep; some years have to be spent over our meals; some over dressing and undressing; some in making journeys on land and voyages by sea; some in merry-making, either on our own account or for the sake of others; some in celebrating religious and social festivities; some in watching over the sick-beds of our nearest and dearest relatives. Now if all these years were to be deducted from the term over which our life extends we shall find about fifteen or twenty years at our disposal for active work. Whoever remembers this can never willingly waste a single moment of his life. “It is astonishing” says Lord Chesterfield “that anyone can squander(浪费，挥霍) away in absolute idleness one single moment of that portion of time which is allotted to us in this world. Know the true value of time; snatch, seize, and enjoy every moment of it!”
All time is precious; but the time of our childhood and of our youth is more precious than any other portion of our existence. For those are the periods when alone we can acquire knowledge and develop our faculties and capacities. If we allow these morning hours of life to slip away unutilized, we shall never be able to recoup (补偿损失) the loss. As we grow older, our power of acquisition gets blunted, so that the art or science which is not acquired in childhood or youth will never acquired at all. Just as money laid out at interest doubles and trebles itself in time, so the precious hours of childhood and youth, if properly used, will yield us incalculable advantages. “Every moment you lose” says Lord Chesterfield “is so much character and advantage lost; as on the other hand, every moment you now employ usefully is so much time wisely laid out at prodigious(巨大的，庞大的) interest. ”
A proper employment of time is of great benefit to us from a moral point of view. Idleness is justly said to the rust of the mind and an idle brain is said to be Satan’s workshop. It is mostly when you do not know what to do with yourself that you do something ill or wrong. The mind of the idler preys upon itself. As Watts has said:
In works of labour or of skill
Let me be busy too;
For Satan finds some mischief still
For idle hands to do.
2、English is a Crazy[a.疯狂的] Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言
1.Let's face it-English is a crazy[a.疯狂的] language. There is no egg in eggplant[n.茄子] nor ham[n.火腿] in hamburger[n.汉堡包]; neither apple nor pine[n.松树,松木] in pineapple[n.凤梨,波罗]. English muffins[(muffin):n.松饼] weren't invented in England nor French fries in France. Sweetmeats[(sweetmeat):n.糖果,甜食,蜜饯] are candies[(candy):n.糖;巧克力] while sweetbreads[(sweetbread):n.小牛,小羊的胰脏或胸腺],which aren't sweet,are meat.
1.让我们接受现实吧--英语是一种疯狂的语言。茄子（eggplant[n.茄子]，字面意为鸡蛋植物）里并没有鸡蛋，汉堡包（hamburger[n.汉堡包]，字面意为火腿夹饼）里也没有火腿。同样，菠萝（pineapple[n.凤梨,波罗]，字面意为松树苹果）里既没有松鼠也没有苹果。松饼（English muffin[n.松饼]，字面意为英式松饼）并不是英国人发明的，而炸薯条（French fries，字面意为法式油炸食品）也不是法国人的发明。“甜肉”（sweetmeat[n.糖果,甜食,蜜饯]）指的是蜜饯，而“甜面包”（sweetbread[n.小牛,小羊的胰脏或胸腺]）不是甜的，它指的是牛杂碎。
2.We take English for granted[(grant):v.给予,恩赐;同意,允许,答应]. But if we explore[v.勘探;探究] its paradoxes[(paradox):n.自相矛盾的人或事物],we find that quicksand[n.流沙,流沙地,危险状态] can work slowly,boxing rings are square and a guinea[n.英国往昔的金币] pig is neither from Guinea[n.英国往昔的金币] nor is it a pig. And why it is that writers[(writer):n.作者,作家] write but fingers don't fing,grocers[(grocer):n.食品商;杂货商] don't groce and hammers don't ham[n.火腿]? If the plural[a.复数的 n.复数] of tooth is teeth,why isn't the plural[a.复数的 n.复数] of booth[n.小(房)间;公用电话亭] beeth? If you have one goose[n.鹅；鹅肉],two geese[goose(鹅,鹅肉)的复数],why not one moose[v.北美产的一种大鹿],two meese,or one index[n.食指;索引;标志;指数 v.把…编索引],two indices[index的复数]?
2.我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切，但是如果我们分析一下英语中似是而非的情况，我们马上就会发现“快的沙子”（quicksand[n.流沙,流沙地,危险状态]，流沙，也指陷阱，困境）往往走得很慢，“拳击的圆圈”（boxing rings，拳击场）是方的，“几内亚猪”（guinea[n.英国往昔的金币] pig，天竺鼠）既不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。还有，既然名词作家（writers[(writer):n.作者,作家]）去掉词尾的rs 就可以成为动词“写作(write）”，那为什么名词“手指”（fingers）、杂货店（grocers[(grocer):n.食品商;杂货商]）、锤子（hammers）去掉rs就不能成为各自相应的动词呢？如果牙齿的复数是teeth，那为什么售货亭的复数不是beeth？一只鹅我们用goose[n.鹅；鹅肉]，两只鹅用geese[goose(鹅,鹅肉)的复数]，那么，一只驼鹿用moose[v.北美产的一种大鹿]（单复数同形），两只驼鹿就应该是meese了？为什么一条索引是index[n.食指;索引;标志;指数 v.把…编索引]，两条索引却成了indices[index的复数]？
3.Doesn't it seem crazy[a.疯狂的] that you can make amends[n.赔偿] but not one amend[vt.修正,改善,vi.改过自新],or that you can comb[vt.梳(头发)] through the annals[n.编年史] of history but not a single[adj.单个的；单一的] annal[记录]? If you have a bunch[n.一束,一捆;一伙] of odds[n.可能性;机会] and ends and get rid[v.使摆脱] of all but one of them,what do you call it?
3.如果你赔偿时只能赔偿复数不能赔偿单数，这是不是很莫名其妙？你可以梳理历史的编年史，为什么却不能复习某一个单个的编年史？如果你有一堆麻烦，那么在你把其他的都解决了只剩下一个的时候该怎么说呢？
4.If teachers taught,why didn't preachers[(preacher):n.传道者,讲道者,牧师] praught? If a vegetarian[n.素食者] eats vegetables,what does a humanitarian[n.人道主义者,慈善家] eat?
4.如果教师教学是taught，那为什么传教士不是praught？如果素食主义者（vegetarian[n.素食者]）吃蔬菜（vegetable），那人道主义者（humanitarian[n.人道主义者,慈善家]）吃什么？
5.Sometimes I think all the English speakers[(speaker):n.扬声器,喇叭] should be committed[(commit):v.做(不合法的、错的或愚蠢的事);犯] to an asylum[n.避难所,庇护所] for the verbally[(verbal):adj.文字的,用文字的] insane[adj.蠢极的,荒唐的;精神错乱的,疯狂的]. In what other language do people recite[v.背诵,朗诵] at a play and play at a recital[n.演出;演奏会]; ship by truck and send cargo[n.船货,货物] by ship; have noses that run and feet that smell; park on driveways[(driveway):n.(通往住宅的)车道] and drive on parkways[(parkway):n.公园道路,驾车专用道路]?
5.有时候我觉得根据英国人说话时疯狂的用词可以将他们送进精神病院。哪一种语言人们可以在一出戏中朗诵，在朗诵中玩（分别指演戏和开独唱会）？用卡车运船，用船运货（分别只用卡车运输和用船运输）？鼻子可以跑而脚可以闻味道（分别指流鼻涕和脚有臭味）？车可以停在驾驶路上，而且在停车路上驾驶（driveway[n.(通往住宅的)车道]从字面上理解是驾驶路，parkway[n.公园道路,驾车专用道路]从字面上理解是停车路）。
6.How can a slim[adj.苗条的] chance[n.机会；可能性] and a fat chance[n.机会；可能性] be the same,while a wise[adj.有见识的，聪明的] man and wise[adj.有见识的，聪明的] guy[n.a man or a boy] are opposites,and quite a lot and quite a few are alike[adj.相同地]? How can the weather be hot as hell[n.地狱] one day and cold as hell[n.地狱] another?
6.为什么一个苗条的机会（slim[adj.苗条的] chance[n.机会；可能性]，指没机会）和一个肥胖的机会（fat chant[n.圣歌,赞美诗 v.吟唱,诵扬]，也指没机会）意思是一样的，而一个聪明的人（wise[adj.有见识的，聪明的] man，聪明人）和一个聪明的家伙（wise[adj.有见识的，聪明的] guy[n.a man or a boy]，自作聪明的人）却意思相反？为什么相当多（quite a lot）和相当少（quite a few）意思一样?（实际上quite a lot和quite a few都是相当多的意思。）为什么天气可以热的像地狱也可以冷得像地狱？（as hell[n.地狱]字面意思像地狱一样，指非常）
7.You have to marvel[v.惊叹] at the unique[adj.独特的,独一无二的] lunacy[n.疯狂,愚行] of a language in which your house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out and in which an alarm[n.警报] clock goes off by going on.
7.你不得不对这种精神病一样的语言表示惊奇，在这种语言中，你的房子在被烧下去（burn down，意为烧为平地）的同时又被烧上去（burn up，意为烧起来，烧掉）。你用填出来（fill out，意为填写）的方法填进去（fill in,意思也是填写）一个表格。闹钟在走（go on）的时候响（go off）了。
8.English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects[(reflect):v.反映] the creativity[n.创造力] of the human[n.&a.人(的)，人类(的)] race. That is why,when the stars are out,they are visible[a.明显的,看得见的],but when the lights are out,they are invisible[adj.看不见的]. And why,when I wind up my watch,I start it,but when I wind up this essay[n.论说文],I end it?
8.英语是人而不是机器创造出来的语言，它反映了人类的创造性。这也是为什么当星星出来的时候，我们是看得见的，当阳光出来（out）的时候是看不见的。同理，我“处理”我的手表之后，它就开始（走）了；而我“处理”完这篇文章后，它却结束了。
3． All I Learned in Kindergarten[n.幼儿园]幼儿园所学的……
1． Most of what I really need to know about how to live and what to do and how to be, I learned in kindergarten[n.幼儿园] .Wisdom[n.智慧] was not at the top of the graduate[n.毕业生 vi.大学毕业] mountain．but there in the sandpile[n.沙堆] at nursery[n.托儿所] school．
1．大部分在生活中真正需要的，包括怎样生活，该做些什么，又该怎样去做，这些都是我在幼儿园时学会的。智慧不在研究生院的山巅之上，而在幼儿园的沙堆里。
really=真的、真正地；live=活着、生活；kindergarten[n.幼儿园]=幼儿园；wisdom[n.智慧]=智慧；
graduate[n.毕业生 vi.大学毕业]=研究生、研究院；mountain =山；at the top of=在顶部；sandpile[n.沙堆]=沙堆；
nursery[n.托儿所]=苗圃；nursery[n.托儿所] schoo=幼儿园
2． These are the things I learned：Share[vt.分享；共同使用] everything. Play fair．Don’t hit people．Put things back where you found them. Clean up your own mess[n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面 v.弄脏,弄糟]．Don’t take things that aren’t yours．Say you’re sorry when you hurt somebody. Wash your hands before you eat. Warm cookies[(cookie):n.曲奇饼] and cold milk are good for you．Live a balanced[(balance):vt./n.平衡] life．Learn some and think some and draw and paint and sing and dance and play and work everyday[adj.每日的，日常的] some．
2. 以下就是我从幼儿园中学到的。分享所有的东西：行为光明磊落；不要攻击别人；东西要放回原处；自己弄脏的地方自己收拾好；不要拿走不属于自己的东西；如果你伤害了别人就得道歉；饭前洗手；热的甜点和凉的牛奶对身体有益；生活要有张有弛，学点东西、想点问题、写写画画、唱唱跳跳，休息和工作，每样事天天都要干一点。
These are=这些；Share[vt.分享；共同使用]=共享、分分享；fair=公平的；hit=打击、击中；Put=放置；where you found them=你发现他们的地方；Clean up=清理；Clean=清洁的；own mess[n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面 v.弄脏,弄糟]=自己的烂摊子； mess[n.凌乱状态;混乱的局面 v.弄脏,弄糟]=混乱；hurt=伤害；wash=洗；before=以前、之前；warm=热乎的、温暖；cookies[(cookie):n.曲奇饼]=饼干；
good for you=对你有好处；balanced[(balance):vt./n.平衡]=平衡的；draw=绘制、画；paint=涂抹、写；dance=舞蹈；
some=一些；
3． Take a nap[n.小睡] every afternoon．When you go out into the world，watch for traffic．Hold hands and stick together. Be aware[a.知道的,意识到的] of wonder[vt.想知道]．Remember the little seed in the plastic[n.&adj.塑料(的)] cup? The roots[(root):n.根；根源；起源] go down and the plant goes up and nobody really knows how or why．but we are all like that.
3. 每天下午小睡一会儿。当大家外出时，注意交通安全，记得手挽手，彼此互相扶持。多多注意那些生活的奇迹。你一定还记得那个塑料杯里的小小的种子吧，它不断地往下扎根，枝叶不断地向空中伸展。没有人真正知道它在怎样生长，也不知道是为了什么。但有一点很明白，我们也像他们一样地长大。
Take a nap[n.小睡]=午睡；nap[n.小睡]=午睡、打盹；go out=出门；into the world=走向世界；traffic=交通；
Together=一起；hold=把; stick=粘；Be aware[a.知道的,意识到的]=注意；wonder[vt.想知道]=奇迹；Remember=记住；
seed=种子；little=小的；seed=种子；Remember=记得；plastic[n.&adj.塑料(的)]=塑料；roots[(root):n.根；根源；起源]=根；
go down=向下；plant=植物；goes up=上升、生长；like=像
4．Goldfish[n.金鱼] and hamsters[(hamster):n.东欧或亚洲产的大颊的鼠类] and white mice and even the little seed in the plastic[n.&adj.塑料(的)] cup--they all die. So do we.
4．看着金鱼、仓鼠以及小白鼠甚至是花盆中小小的一颗种子，最后他们的生命部将消亡。我们明白自己同样也不能避免。
goldfish[n.金鱼]=金鱼；hamsters[(hamster):n.东欧或亚洲产的大颊的鼠类]=仓鼠；mice=小白鼠；
5．And then remember the book about Dick and Jane and the first word you learned，the biggest word of all：Look．Everything you need to know is in there somewhere[ad.在某处]．The Golden[a.金(黄)色的] Rule[n.规则；规定] and love and basic[adj.基本的] sanitation[n.卫生]. Ecology[n.生态] and politics[n.政治] and sane[adj.清醒的,明智的] living.
5．同时还记得《迪克与珍妮》的书，以及从书中学到的第一个词，也是最了不起的一个词：观察。你所需要了解的任何事情：包括为人的准则、爱、应注意的基本卫生，生态环境和政治哲学以及健全的生活方式，你都能在该书的某个地方找到答案。
Look=看；在这里是观察的意思；biggest=最大；somewhere[ad.在某处]=某处；Rule[n.规则；规定]=准则；basic[adj.基本的] =基本；sanitation[n.卫生]=卫生；Ecology[n.生态]=生态；politics[n.政治]=政治；sane[adj.清醒的,明智的] living=理智的生活；
6．Think of what a better world it would be if we all--the whole world--had cookies[(cookie):n.曲奇饼] and milk about 3 o’clock every afternoon and then lay down with our blankets[(blanket):n.毛毯；毯子] for a nap[n.小睡] or if we had a basic[adj.基本的] policy[n.政策] in our nations[(nation):n.民族；国家