南沙是中国浴血抗战夺回国土 菲图谋不会得逞!.doc

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南沙是中国浴血抗战夺回国土 菲图谋不会得逞！

2014年3月30日，菲律宾政府不顾中国政府不参与、不接受国际仲裁的立场，向国际仲裁庭单方面提交了所谓诉状。菲方还利用媒体大肆炒作，歪曲事实，曲解法律，对中国进行不实指责。中国政府理所当然加以拒绝。菲律宾滥用国际法律程序，对中方施压的政治图谋不可能得逞。

　　中国为什么不接受菲单方面提起的仲裁

　　2013年1月22日，菲律宾照会中方，将中菲南海争议提交《联合国海洋法公约》强制争端解决程序。对此，中方多次指出，中菲南海争议的核心是南沙群岛部分岛礁的领土主权争议和管辖海域主张重叠争议。领土主权争议并不是《公约》规范事项，不属于《公约》解释或适用的争端，因而《公约》的强制争端解决程序不能适用。至于中菲在南海部分海域还存在管辖海域主张重叠问题，中国作为《公约》缔约国，早在2006年就根据《公约》有关排除性条款做出声明，将包括海洋划界、历史性权利等争端排除于《公约》的强制争端解决程序之外。因此，中菲间的海域划界等问题，菲方不能在未经中方同意的情况下单方面提交仲裁。

　　众所周知，包括南沙群岛在内的南海诸岛自古以来就是中国领土。二战结束之后，根据战后一系列国际文件的规定，国民政府于1946年从日本侵略者手中收复了这些岛礁。战后相当长一段时间里，包括菲在内的国家，都承认或默认南海诸岛属于中国的事实。直到上世纪70年代，菲律宾才觊觎南沙群岛，并派兵悍然侵占中国的部分岛礁。这些侵占行为严重违反《联合国宪章》和国际关系基本准则，中国政府历来坚决反对，并多次要求菲律宾从侵占的中国领土上撤出。菲不但不改正错误，反而进一步挑衅，提起所谓国际仲裁，是非法的、无理的。

　　对于南海争议的解决途径，中国政府一贯主张由直接当事方协商和谈判加以解决。这既是中菲双方在一系列双边文件，如从2000年5月中菲关于21世纪双边合作框架的联合声明到2011年9月的中菲联合声明等文件中所达成的重要共识，也是2002年中国和包括菲律宾在内的东盟国家共同签署的《南海各方行为宣言》的一项重要原则。中方和绝大多数的签字方始终积极推动落实《宣言》。显然，菲方背弃了双边共识和《宣言》承诺，是一种严重缺乏国家诚信的行为。

　　菲方及其背后势力煞费苦心，欲强行拖中国进入仲裁，利用《公约》相关机制的缺陷，在仲裁庭组成和程序规则方面大做手脚，欲陷中国于不利地位。由此可见，菲方单方面将南海争议提交国际仲裁，既违反了包括《公约》在内的国际法，又违背基本的历史事实，既背弃了国际道义，又背离了国际关系的基本准则。中国政府坚持不接受、不参与仲裁，于情有理，于法有据。

　　菲律宾瞎打“官司”何以欺世盗名

　　菲律宾自知将中菲南海争议付诸《公约》规定的争端解决程序面临无法逾越的法律障碍，于是就采取歪曲事实，曲解法律的手段，企图绕过2006年中国所做出的排除性声明，将岛礁主权和划界争议包装成国际仲裁庭可以受理的《公约》解释或适用的争端。这似乎是在竭力告诉人们，中菲之间的南海争议，既不关乎岛礁争议，也不关乎海域划界。但揭开这层包装，人们一眼就能看出中菲南海争议的核心和实质。正如外交部发言人多次所阐明的，中菲之间争议的直接原因，是菲方非法侵占中国南海的部分岛礁，问题的实质是双方围绕岛礁和海域划界的争端。为了达到其目的，菲方采取了偷梁换柱，避实就虚的伎俩，诡称菲方的诉求不涉及岛礁主权归属和划界问题，只请求仲裁庭就中国驻守的有关礁是岛、礁、还是水下地物作出裁决，并裁定这些岛礁能否拥有200海里的专属经济区和大陆架。然而，根据“陆地统治海洋”的原则，领土或岛屿主权是海洋权益的前提和基础，海洋权益是领土岛屿主权所派生。岛礁归属及其可主张的海洋权益原本是一个问题的两个方面，两者密不可分，前者是根本。如果岛礁的归属未定，如何确定其海洋权益，包括其在海洋划界中的作用？而菲律宾为了将中菲南海争议包装成表面上符合仲裁庭受理标准的“争端”，故意将它们割裂开来。对此，人们不禁要问：皮之不存，毛将焉附？

　　菲方如此费尽周折，其目的无非有三：一是以小国弱国形象骗取国际同情；二是以维护国际法治的所谓“正面”形象抹黑中国；三是通过提起仲裁“暗度陈仓”，企图将侵占岛礁的行为合法化。但是，菲律宾不要忘记，中国自古以来就对南沙群岛行使主权和管辖权，南沙群岛是全中国人民在抗日战争的浴血奋战中夺回的国土，包括南沙群岛在内的南海诸岛的主权早在二战后就已经在法律上和事实上完全回归了中国。菲方应把非法侵占的中国岛礁还给中国。中国政府维护主权的决心坚定而明确，中国不接受仲裁拥有充分的国际法依据。菲律宾机关算尽，最后的结果只能是竹篮打水一场空。

　　协商谈判才是解决中菲南海争议的真正途径

　　中国政府历来主张以协商和谈判的方式解决陆地和海上争议。多年来，中国同陆上邻国通过平等友好谈判，解决了大部分陆地边界问题，也通过谈判公平解决了与越南在北部湾的海洋划界问题。国际实践表明，协商谈判是解决此类问题的最佳道路。

　　当前，在中国和大多数东盟国家的努力下，南海形势总体稳定，从中菲关系和东南亚地区和平稳定大局出发，中方一贯致力于通过协商和谈判同菲方解决争端。双方也达成了“循序渐进进行合作，最终谈判解决双方争议”的重要共识，在这方面中菲间曾有过很好的合作。

　　中方愿继续为维护南海和平稳定做出努力，为中菲关系得到改善和发展做出努力。中方有决心、有信心、有耐心推进与菲方的直接谈判。菲方虽然单方面提起仲裁，企图关闭双边谈判的大门，但中方谈判协商的大门始终是敞开的。中方敦促菲方纠正错误做法，恪守承诺，早日回到双边谈判解决争议的正确轨道上来。

俗话说，有理不在声高。对于菲方强行推动的仲裁，中国既不理亏，也不惧怕。菲提起的仲裁撼动不了中国维护国家主权和海洋权益的决心和意志，也改变不了中国处理南海问题的一贯立场和做法。

On March 30, 2014, the Philippine government regardless of the Chinese government does not participate in, not to accept the position of international arbitration, to the international arbitration tribunal unilaterally filed a complaint. The Philippines also use the media hype, distorted the facts, distort the law, falsely accused to China. The Chinese government granted to refuse. Abuse of international legal procedures in the Philippines, put pressure on China's politics could not succeed.
Why China does not accept unilateral arbitration
On January 22, 2013, note the Chinese in the Philippines, will the Philippines in the south China sea dispute submitted to the UN convention on the law of compulsory dispute settlement procedures. To this, China's repeated, points out that the Philippines is the core of the south China sea dispute the nansha islands part of the reef's territorial sovereignty dispute and the jurisdiction of the maritime claims overlap. Territorial sovereignty dispute is not the convention specification items, do not belong to the convention to explain or applicable disputes, and thus the convention of compulsory dispute settlement procedures can't apply. As for the Philippines in the south China sea, the jurisdiction of the maritime claims overlap problem exist some waters, China as the states parties to the convention, as early as 2006, according to the convention to the provision of exemplary make a statement, will include maritime demarcation, historic rights disputes out of the convention of compulsory dispute settlement procedures. Therefore, the problem such as maritime demarcation between China and the Philippines, the Philippine side cannot be without China's permission to unilateral submitted to arbitration.
As is known to all, including the nansha islands, the islands of the south China sea has been China's territory since ancient times. After the end of the second world war, according to the regulation of a series of international documents after the war, the nationalist government in 1946 from the hands of the Japanese invaders regained the reef. Quite a long period of time after the war, countries including Philippines, acknowledge or default of the south China sea islands belongs to China. Until the 1970 s, the Philippines, covet the nansha islands, and sent the army flagrantly encroach on China's part of the reef. These behavior a serious breach of the UN charter and basic principles in international relations, the Chinese government has always been firmly opposed, and repeatedly asked the Philippines withdrawal from the occupation of Chinese territory. Philippines is not correct mistakes, not only further provocation instead, mention the so-called international arbitration, is illegal and irrational.
For the south China sea dispute solution, the Chinese government has always advocated by parties consultations and negotiations to solve directly. Both two sides in a series of bilateral documents, such as from mid-may 2000 Philippines framework joint statement on bilateral cooperation in the 21st century to September 2011 in the Philippines in the joint statement and other documents have reached important consensus, and in 2002, China and asean countries including the Philippines, signed the declaration on the conduct of parties in southern sea is an important principle. China and the vast majority of signing party always actively promote the implementation of the declaration. Obviously, the Philippine side denied bilateral consensus and the declaration of commitment, is a serious lack of the national behavior.
Forces behind the Philippines and take great pains to forcibly dragged into the arbitration in China, using the convention related mechanism of the defects, composition and application rules of the arbitration tribunal has great checkers, disadvantage to the Chinese. Thus, the Philippine side will unilaterally the south China sea dispute submitted to international arbitration, both violated international law, including the convention, and contrary to the basic historical facts, both broke international morality, deviated from the basic principles of international relations. The Chinese government do not accept, do not participate in the arbitration, the rational, Yu Fayou according to.
Why the Philippines blind "lawsuit" ripoff
The self-knowledge of the south China sea dispute will put to the convention of dispute settlement procedures insurmountable legal obstacles faced, and then take the distorted the facts, distort the law means, in an attempt to bypass China's exemplary statement in 2006, the islands sovereignty and demarcation dispute packaged into the convention of the international arbitration tribunal may accept explanation or disputes shall apply. This seems to be trying to tell people, the south China sea dispute between China and the Philippines, neither about reef controversy, nor about maritime demarcation. But to uncover the layers of packaging, people can see at a glance of the core and essence of the south China sea dispute. As a foreign ministry spokesman illustrate many times, the proximate cause of the dispute between the Philippines is the Philippine side illegally occupy part of the south China sea reefs, the essence of the problem is the two sides around the reef and maritime demarcation disputes. In order to achieve the goal, the Philippine side to take the bile, display the trick, ostensibly to the aspirations of the Philippine side does not involve the delimitation of the reef to sovereignty and, only request the arbitration tribunal to China stationed the reef is a island, reef, or underwater terrain decision and ruled that the reef would have 200 nautical miles exclusive economic zone and continental shelf. However, according to the principle of "land rule the sea", territory or islands sovereignty is the precondition and foundation of maritime rights and interests, Marine rights and interests is derived by territorial islands sovereignty. Reef belonging and maritime rights and interests of the original is a problem of two aspects, both inseparable, the former is fundamental. If reef on the ownership of the undetermined, how to determine its maritime rights and interests, including its role in the maritime demarcation? And Philippines in the Philippines to the south China sea dispute packaged into surface up to the standard of the arbitration tribunal to accept the "dispute", deliberately to separate them. To this, people can not help but ask: skin don't save, MaoJiangYanFu?
The Philippines so devious, its reason has three: one is small weak image diddle international sympathy; Second is to maintain the international rule of law, the so-called "positive" image of China; 3 it is through the arbitration "procuring", in an attempt to legalise encroach on the behavior of the reef. Don't forget, however, the Philippines, China since ancient times is the exercise of sovereignty over the nansha islands and jurisdiction, the nansha islands are all Chinese people in the Anti-Japanese War fought back in the land, including the nansha islands of the south China sea islands sovereignty as early as after world war ii has in law and in fact completely return to China. The Philippines should return the illegal occupation of the reef to China. Safeguarding sovereignty by the Chinese government is determined to a firm and clear, China does not accept the arbitration has full international law basis. The final result of the Philippine authorities knew, can be to draw water with a sieve.
Negotiations is the real way to solve the south China sea dispute of Taiwan and the Philippines
The Chinese government has always advocated by way of consultation and negotiation to solve dispute on land and sea. Over the years, China and the continental neighbours through equal and friendly negotiation, solve the problem most of the land boundary, also negotiate a fair settlement with Vietnam in the beibu gulf of the delimitation of the sea. International practice shows that the negotiations is the best way to solve such problems.
At present, in China and most of the asean countries, with the help of the south China sea situation is generally stable, from the Philippines relations and peace and stability in the overall situation in southeast Asia, China is committed to with the Philippine side to solve the dispute through consultation and negotiation. The two sides also reached a "step by step, finally talks to solve the dispute" important consensus, in this aspect between China and the Philippines have had good cooperation.
China is ready to continue to maintain peace and stability in the south China sea efforts, get the improvement and development efforts for the relations between China and the Philippines. The determination, confidence and patience to promote direct negotiations with the Philippine side. Although the Philippines unilaterally filed arbitration, trying to close the door of bilateral negotiations, but China negotiated the door is always open. China urges the Philippine side to correct the mistake, the commitment to return to bilateral negotiations to settle the right track.
As the saying goes, is not high. For the Philippines to force through arbitration, China is neither indefensible, also not be afraid. Philippine arbitration can not shake China determination to safeguard national sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, also won't change China's consistent position to deal with the south China sea issue and practices.

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