Tomcat5 windows服务不能启动的终极解决方法.docx

本人多次碰到这个问题，在网上搜索很久，一直没有找到真正的解决方法。今天下午一次偶然的机会发现了问题所在，根据问题，提出以下解决方案。

问题所在：
现在很多人都在使用jdk的压缩版，使得tomcat服务不能正确设置java VM，导致tomcat服务不能正常配置和启动。如果你是安装版jdk也出现启动问题，请参照以下方法解决。

假设
jdk 安装目录为 d:\j2sdk
tomcat5 安装目录为 D:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0

1. 配置环境变量：
JAVA_HOME = d:\j2sdk
CLASSPATH = %JAVA_HOME%\bin;.;%JAVA_HOME%\lib;%JAVA_HOME%\lib\dt.jar;%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar
CATALINA_HOME = D:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0

2. 配置 Tomcat 服务
这里有两种情况，一是tomcat5为安装版，二是解压版，针对这两种情况分别解决。
（1）安装版 tomcat5
在安装时选择安装tomcat服务，如图

安装完成后，打开注册表regedit.exe, 找到HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat Service Manager\Tomcat5\Parameters，你可以看到里面有很多参数值，主要是修改Java项的值为 d:\j2sdk\jre\bin\server\jvm.dll, 修改正确后，你就可以通过开始->程序->Apache Tomcat 5.0->start tomcat启动服务了。若没有若没有此项，可以依照以下方法设置参数。

（2）解压版 tomcat5
这时你要先配置服务所用的参数，启动命令是 tomcat5的bin目录下的tomcatw.exe(后面附上tomcatw.exe命令参数)。
如果不存在HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat Service Manager\Tomcat5\Parameters，请先创建，这一步是关键。
使用命令 tomcatw.exe //ES//Tomcat5 打开配置窗口，如下

设置参数如下：
Service栏
    Description = Apache Tomcat 5.0 （这个可以随便写）
    Image Path = d:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0\bin\bootstrap.jar
    Work Path = d:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0
    Auto Start 这个参数允许设置服务为自动启动
Java VM栏：
    Auto 不要打勾
    Java VM = D:\j2sdk\jre\bin\server\jvm.dll
    Java Options = -Dcatalina.home="d:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0"
-Djava.endorsed.dirs="d:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0\common\endorsed" -Xrs
    Start Class = org/apache/catalina/startup/Bootstrap;main;start
    Stop Class = org/apache/catalina/startup/Bootstrap;main;stop
Standard Streams:
    只要设置两项
    Output = d:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0\logs\stdout.log
    Error = d:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat 5.0\logs\stderr.log

根据以上设置，接下来可以使用 tomcatw.exe //GT//Tomcat5 启动服务了。

若有问题可以给我留言或者加我QQ: 4034348
TOMCAT5在WINDOWS下的一些命令行

Tomcatw monitor application
Tomcatw is a GUI application for monitoring and configuring Tomcat services.
The available command line options are:
//ES//
Edit service configuration
This is the default operation. It is called if the no option is provided but the executable is renamed to servicenameW.exe
//MS//
Monitor service
Put the icon in the system try
Command line arguments
Each command line directive is in the form of //XX//ServiceName
The available command line options are:
//TS//
Run the service as console application
This is the default operation. It is called if the no option is provided. The ServiceName is the name of the executable without exe sufix, meaning Tomcat5
//RS//
Run the service
Called only from ServiceManager
//SS//
Stop the service

//US//
Update service parameters

//IS//
Install service

//DS//
Delete service
Stops the service if running
Command line parameters
Each command parameter is prefixed with --. If the command line is prefixed with ++ then it's value will be appended to the existing option. If the environment variable with the same name as command line parameter but prefixed with PR_ exists it will take precedence. For example:
set PR_CLASSPATH=xx.jar
is equivalent to providing
--Classpath=xx.jar

as command line parameter.
ParameterName
Default
Description
--Description

Service name description (maximum 1024 characters)
--DisplayName
ServiceName
Service display name
--Install
procrun.exe //RS//ServiceName
Install image
--Startup
manual
Service startup mode can be either auto or manual
--DependsOn

List of services that this service depend on. Dependent services are separated using either # or ; characters
--Environment

List of environment variables that will be provided to the service in the form key=value. They are separated using either # or ; characters
--User

User account used for running executable. It is used only for StartMode java or exe and enables running applications as service under account without LogonAsService privilege.
--Password

Password for user account set by --User parameter
--JavaHome
JAVA_HOME
Set a different JAVA_HOME then defined by JAVA_HOME environment variable
--Jvm
auto
Use either auto or specify the full path to the jvm.dll. You can use the environment variable expansion here.
--JvmOptions
-Xrs
List of options in the form of -D or -X that will be passed to the JVM. The options are separated using either # or ; characters.
--Classpath

Set the Java classpath
--JvmMs

Initial memory pool size in MB
--JvmMx

Maximum memory pool size in MB
--JvmSs

Thread stack size in KB

--StartImage

Executable that will be run.
--StartPath

Working path for the start image executable.
--StartClass

Class that will be used for startup.
--StartParams

List of parameters that will be passed to either StartImage or StartClass. Parameters are separated using either # or ; character.
--StartMethod
Main
Method name if differs then main
--StartMode
executable
Can one of jvm java or exe
--StopImage

Executable that will be run on Stop service signal.
--StopPath

Working path for the stop image executable.
--StopClass

Class that will be used on Stop service signal.
--StopParams

List of parameters that will be passed to either StopImage or StopClass. Parameters are separated using either # or ; character.
--StopMethod
Main
Method name if differs then main
--StopMode
executable
Can one of jvm java or exe
--StopTimeout
No Timeout
Defines the timeout in seconds that procrun waits for service to exit gracefully.
--LogPath
working path
Defines the path for logging
--LogPrefix
jakarta_service
Defines the service log filename
--LogLevel
INFO
Defines the logging level and can be either error, info, warn or debug
--StdOutput

Redirected stdout filename
--StdError

Redirected stderr filename

Installing services

The safest way to manually install the service is to use the provided service.bat script.

Install the service named 'Tomcat5'
C:\> service.bat install

If using tomcat.exe, you need to use the //IS// parameter.
Install the service named 'Tomcat5'
C:\> tomcat5 //IS//Tomcat5 --DisplayName="Apache Tomcat 5" \
C:\> --Install="C:\Program Files\Tomcat\bin\tomcat5.exe" --Jvm=auto \
C:\> --StartMode=jvm --StopMode=jvm \
C:\> --StartClass=org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap --StartParams=start \
C:\> --StopClass=org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap --StopParams=stop

Updating services

To update the service parameters, you need to use the //US// parameter.
Update the service named 'Tomcat5
C:\> tomcat //US//Tomcat5 --Description="Apache Tomcat Server - http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat " \
C:\> --Startup=auto --Classpath=%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar;%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\bootstrap.jar

Removing services

To remove the service, you need to use the //DS// parameter.
If the service is running it will be stopped and then deleted.
Remove the service named 'Tomcat5'
C:\> tomcat //DS//Tomcat5

Debugging services

To run the service in console mode, you need to use the //TS// parameter. The service shutdown can be initiated by pressing CTRL+C or CTRL+BREAK. If you rename the tomcat5.exe to testservice.exe then you can just execute the testservice.exe and this command mode will be executed by default.

Run the service named 'Tomcat5' in console mode
C:\> tomcat //TS//Tomcat5 [additional arguments]
Or simply execute:
C:\> tomcat

安装Tomcat服务的方法
a)
%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\tomcat.exe -install "Tomcat5" "%JAVA_HOME%\jre\bin\server\jvm.dll" -Djava.class.path="%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\bootstrap.jar;%JAVA_HOME%\lib\tools.jar" -Dcatalina.home="%CATALINA_HOME%" -Xrs -start org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap -params start -stop org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap -params stop -out "%CATALINA_HOME%\logs\stderr.log"

b)
%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\tomcat.exe -uninstall -Tomcat5