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第十课 词干-cid-,-cis-(切割,杀戮)
A
[abs-(ab-的变体)离开+cis切割=>切掉]脱落;截去,切除;横坐标(与纵坐标交切)
abscise /vt自然脱落
abscisic /a脱落的
abscisin /n脱落素
abscissa /n横坐标
abscission /n截去,切除,脱离;顿听法
B
[circum-周围+cis切割->切成一圈]环切
circumcise /vt割除。。。的包皮(或阴蒂);对。。。进行环切术;净(心)
circumciser /n环切术者
circumcision /n包皮环切术;环切术;(犹太教)割礼;净心
C
[con-加强+cis切割->尽量切除多余的->删繁就简]简要,简明
concise /简明的,简洁的,简要的
D
[de-完全+cid,cis切割->快刀斩乱麻,斩钉截铁]决定,解决;无疑;果断(决断)
decidable /a可以决定的;决定得了的
decide /vt决定,决意;解决;裁决;vi决定,下决心;判决
decided /a决定了的;坚决的;明显的
decidedly /adv坚决地;明确地
decidedness /n坚决,果断;明显,明确
decider /n决定者;裁决者;决赛
decision /n决定,决心;果断;坚定;决议;结果
decisive /a决定性的;明确的;果断的
decisively /adv明确地;果断地
decisiveness /n明确;果断
indecision /n无决断力,优柔寡断,犹豫不决;缺乏决心;议而不决
indecisive /a非决定性的;非结论性的;不决断的,犹豫不决的;优柔寡断的;未清楚标明的;不明确的;模糊的
indecisively /adv犹豫不决地;
indecisiveness /n犹豫不决
redecide /vt再决定,重新决定
undecided /a未定的,未觉地;(天气)不稳定的;不鲜明的;模糊的
undecidedly /adv优柔寡断地
undecidedness /n优柔寡断;不安定
E
[ex-离开+cid,cis]割掉;删除
excide /vt切开;割掉
excise /vt割去,删除;在。。。上切切口
excision /n切除;删除;切除术
excisional /a切除的;删除的
F
[in-向内+cis]切除;切口;雕刻,切迹;切牙
incisal /a切的;割的
incise /vt切入;切开;雕刻
incised /a切入的;切开的;刀伤;割伤;雕刻的
incision /n切入,切开;雕刻
incisive /a切入的;锋利的;尖锐的;深刻的;透切的;切牙的;门牙的
incisor /n切牙,门牙
incisory /a门牙的;适合切割的
incisure /n切迹
G
[pre-预先+cis]摘要;精确;严格;正确
précis /n摘要,概要;大意;梗概;vt.摘。。。的要点,写。。。的大意
precise /a精确的,准确的;讲究精确的;明确的;恰好的;刻板的;拘泥的
precisely /adv精确地;明确地;刻板地;拘泥地;正好地;恰恰
preciseness /n精确;确切;拘泥
precisian /n严格遵守规则的人;清教徒
precision /n精确性;精密;精密度;a/精确的,精密的
precisionist /n(在语言方面)讲究精确的人
precisive /a精确的;正确的
imprecise /a不精确的;不明确的,含糊的
B
cid还构成下列一些单词[cid-杀戮+e名词性结尾à杀……(药)剂;cid杀戮+al形容词词性结尾—>杀……的]
aph蚜+I(连接元音)+cide杀àaphicide /n杀蚜虫剂
bacill杆菌+I+cide=bacillicid /n杀杆菌药剂
formicide杀蚂蚁药剂
fungicidal /a杀真菌的
gametocide /a杀配子体的
herbicide /n除草剂
insecticide /n杀虫剂
larvicide /n杀幼虫剂
miticidal /a杀螨的
miticide /n杀螨剂
nematicide/n杀线虫剂
parasiticide /n杀寄生虫剂
pediculicide /n灭虱
rodenticide /n杀鼠剂
sporicide /n杀螺旋体剂
sporicide /n杀孢子剂
taeniacide /n杀滴虫剂
vermicide /n杀蠕虫剂
viricide /n杀病毒剂
weedicide /n除草剂
例句
1. A concise account of the event is needed.
2. We have not decided as to who shall be the winner of the prize.
3. They won the decisive victory.
4. His character is very decided.
5. I have not yet given my decision on the matter.
6. A tumor was excised.
7. He incises a copper plate.
8. I have got an incisive weapon,
9. I came at six o’clock precisely.
10. A scientist must be precise in making tests.
第十一课 词干-claim-,clam-,-clamat-(喊叫)
同族词
A
[ac-(ad-的变体)加强+claim,clamat叫喊,加强叫喊,兴高采烈的喊叫]欢呼,喝彩;赞扬;鼓掌
acclaim vt 向……欢呼;为……喝彩; vt 欢呼,喝彩; n 欢呼,喝彩
acclamation n 欢呼
acclamatory a欢呼的,喝彩的
B
[claim,clam-叫喊,呼吁,要求]索取(要取),声称,主张,迫切要求。
Claim vt要求;声称;主张;n,要求;权利。
Claimable a 可要求的;可认领的
Claimant n 请求者;申请者
Claimless a 无要求的
Clament a 喧嚷的;紧急的;迫切的
Clamantly adv 喧嚷地;迫切地
Clamor,clamour n 吵闹;喧嚷;叫喊;vi吵闹
Clamorous a喧闹的,吵吵嚷嚷的
C
[con-共同+clam,clamat]共同喊叫
conclamant a 异口同声的
conclamation n 异口同声
D
[de-完全+claim,clamat]不停的喊叫,慷慨陈词;雄辩,朗读
declaim vt 慷慨激昂的演说,雄辩,朗读;攻击;vt朗读
declaimer n演讲者;朗诵者
declamation n雄辩;雄辩术;朗诵
declamatory n雄辩的;适合朗诵的
E
[dis-否定+claim,clamat]不要叫喊,不呼吁,不要求;放弃,否认,不索取
disclaim vt 放弃;不索取;否认
disclaimer n放弃;不承认
disclamation n放弃;不承认;不承受
disclamatory a否认的
F
[ex-超越+claim.clamat]惊呼,惊叫,感叹
exclaim vt呼喊;惊叫;大声说
exclamation n呼喊;惊叫;感叹;惊叹语
exclamational a呼喊的;惊叫的;感叹的
exclamative a惊叫的;感叹的
exclamatorily adv感叹地;惊叹地
exclamatory a惊叹的;感叹的
G
[non-不+claim]不喊叫,不呼吁,不要求
nonclaim n未提出要求;要求懈怠
H
[over-超过+claim,clamat]过分要求
overclaim n过分的要求
I
[pro-公开+claim,clamat] 叫喊,公开叫喊,公布于众;宣告;声明,宣布;表明;显示
proclaim vt宣告;宣布;公布;声明;公告
proclamation n宣布,公布;声明;公告
proclamatory a公告的,布告的
self-proclaimed a自称的
J
[quit-放弃+claim]放弃要求
quitclaim n放弃要求
K
[re-返回+claim,clamat]召唤回来;感化;收回,改造,开垦,开拓
reclaim vt开拓;开垦;改造;感化;n改造,感化
reclaimable a可开垦的;可改造的
reclaimant n矫正者;挽救者
reclaimer 感化者;纠正者;改造者
reclaimation n开垦;改造;收复
reclame n公众的欢迎
irreclaimability n无可改造性
irreclaimable a不能开垦的;(人)坏得无法挽救的
irreclaimableness n不能开垦;无法改造
irreclaimably adv无法改造地
L
[un-无+claim]无人承认
unclaimed a无人认领的;无人领取的
例句
1. The newspaper acclaimed the fireman a hero.
2. He was hurt in a railway accident and has put in a claim for compensation.
3. The newspapers were clamoring(大肆) against the government plans.
4. He declaimed against the government last week.
5. He disclaims any right to interfere in the affairs of his neighbor.
第十二课 词头com-,con-,col-,cor-(共同,加强) -------------------------------------------(PART 1)
派生词com-加在一些词的前面可以构成新词,具有“共同”,“加强”,“互相”等意思。Con-用在c,d,f,g,j,n,q,s,t,v,之前;col-用在l之前;cor-用在r之前。例如:
labor n/vt/vi 工作,劳动 collaborate vt合作
collaboration n合作
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lapse n/vi/vt 跌落;陷入;使失效 collapse vi/vt使倒坍,崩溃
collapsible a(椅子等)可折叠的
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linear a线的 collinear a共线的
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loquacious a多话的,健谈的 colloquial a口语的;会话的
colloquialism n口语
colloquist n谈话者,对谈者
colloquium n讨论会,报告
colloquy n谈话
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mandate n/vt命令,委任,委托 command vt/vi命
commandant a指挥官,命令
commandeer vt征用
commander n指挥员,司令
commanding a指挥的
commend vt把……交托给
称赞
commendable a值得称赞的
commendation n称赞
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mensurable a可量的 commensurability n可公度;
可通度
commensurable a可公度的
commensurate a同量的
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mission n使命,任务 commission n为人,任命
commissioner n委员,特派员
commitment n交托
committee n委员会
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patriot n爱国者 compatriot n同胞,同一国人
compatriotic a同胞的
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catenate vt连锁,连接 concatenate vt连锁,连接
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catenation n连锁,连接 concatenation n连锁,连接
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cave n/vt/vi洞;掘洞,使塌陷;陷落 concave a/n凹的;凹面;凹
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cede vt放弃,让步 concede vt/vi 承认;让步
放弃希望
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cession n让与 concession n让步;租地
concessionaire n受让人
concessionary a让步的
concessive a让步的
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cordial n/a强心剂;热心的 concord a协调,同意,一致
concordance n协调,一致
concordancy n协调,一致
concordant a协调的,一致的
concordat n协定;契约
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current n/a流;趋势;流通;现在;当前 concur vi同意,一致
concurrence n同意,一致
concurrent a同意的,一致的
concurrently adv同意地;一致地
concurrentness adv同意;一致
12课------------------------------------------------------------------(PART2)
duct n导管 conduce v导致
conductor vt/vi/n引导;传导
conductance n导致;电导
conductibility n传导性
conductible n传导;引导
conductive a传导性;有传导力的
conductivity n传导性
conductor n导体;引导者
conductress n女引导者
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form n/vt/vi形状;构成;形成 conform vi/vt使相似;使一致;使适应
conformable a相似的;一致的;适应的
conformance n相似;一致;适应
conformation n形成;一致;适应
conformism n盲从态度
conformist n/a尊奉传统者;因袭的
conformity n相似;一致;服从
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front n前面;正面 confront vt面对,使碰面
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fuse vi/vt使熔合;结合 confuse vt使混乱
confusion n混乱
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join vt连接;结合 conjoin vt/vi连接;结合
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joint n/v/a连接物;连接;联合的 conjoint a连接的;联合的
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junction n连合 conjunction n连合;连接词
conjunct a连合的
conjunctional a连合的
conjunctive a/n连合的;连接词
conjuncture n结合
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query vt/vi/n质问,发问 conquer vt攻克;征服
conquerable a可攻克的;可征服的
conqueringly adv胜利地;以征服者的姿态
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quest vi/vt/n搜寻;远征 conquest n攻克,征服
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science n知识;科学 conscience n良心
conscientious a有良心的
conscious a知觉的;有意识的
consciously adv知觉上;意识上
consciousness n知觉,意识
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scribe n/vt书写 conscribe vt征召;征(兵)
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script n书写手迹 conscript vt/n征召;征兵;应征士兵
conscription n征召;征兵
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sentient a有感觉的 consent vi/n同意,答应
consentaneous a同意的;一致的
consenter n同意者
consentient a同意的;一致的
consenting a同意的;准许的
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sequence n顺序;后果 consequence n结果
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sequent a/n连续的;结果 consequent a/n作为结果的;推论
consequential a结果的
consequently adv因而;所以
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sign n/vt/vi签字;标签 consign vt/vi交付;委托;
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