萧伯纳&华伦夫人的职业(课堂PPT).ppt

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,George Bernard Shaw,萧伯纳,小组成员：,黄婉仪 胡双娇 胡少华 金铭 苏茉玲,马明川 陈建军 王怡然 宁超凤 宋智培,目录,一、萧伯纳生平及主要作品,二、,华伦夫人的职业,（一）创作背景及主题,（二）人物分析及评论,（三）剧幕再现：,Act II,一、萧伯纳生平及主要作品 （一）萧伯纳的人生关键字,资产阶级改良主义者,语言大师,诺贝尔文学家得主,现实主义戏剧作家,Shaw Key Words,1856,年出生,1950,年逝世,素食主义者,一、萧伯纳生平及主要作品 （二）,Shaws life experiences,Born in Dublin,Ireland,Parents divorced,Left school at 15years old,Become a dramatist,1856,l871,1892,1876,一、萧伯纳生平及主要作品 （二）,Shaws life experiences,1896,40,岁,1950,94,岁,1925,69,岁,1933,77,岁,Got married,Won Nobel Prise,Visited China,Dead,（二）,Shaws life experiences 1.Born in 1856,Bernard Shaw,(1856-1950),A brilliant dramatist,was born in Dublin,Ireland.,He was the third and youngest child(and only son)of George Carr Shaw and Lucinda Elizabeth Gurly Shaw.,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 2.Left school,With an unhappy childhood,he left school at the age of 15 and started to work in a land-agents office.,This experience enriched his understanding of the society and the suffering of the people.,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 3.Parents divorced,母亲带他离家出走去伦敦教授音乐。受到母亲的薰陶，萧伯纳从小就爱好音乐和绘画。,年轻的萧伯纳没有工作，靠母亲微薄的薪水维持生活，十分渴望找到一份称心的职业。,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 4.Become a dramatist,His careers as a dramatist began in 1892,when his first play Widowers House(,鳏夫的房产,)was put on by the Independent Theater Society.,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 5.Got married,He married with Charlotte in1896,Ultra-marriage love,（婚外情）,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 6.Won Nobel Prize,1925,年，萧伯纳获得了诺贝尔文学奖,他把这笔奖金一部分捐给了瑞典的穷作家们。一部分捐作创立,英国瑞典文学基金会,之用。,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 7.Visited China,萧伯纳曾在一九三三年到中国访问。,在中国曾会见鲁迅、蔡元培、梅兰芳、宋庆龄等人。,BACK,（二）,Shaws life experiences 8.Dead,1950,年,11,月,2,日，萧伯纳在赫特福德郡埃奥特圣劳伦斯寓所因病逝世，终年,94,岁。,萧伯纳毕生创造幽默，他的墓志铭虽只有一句话，但恰巧体现了他的风格：,I knew if I stayed around long enough,something like this would happen,“,我早就知道无论我活多久，这种事情迟早总会发生的。,”,BACK,（三）萧伯纳的主要作品,鳏夫的房产,（,Widowers Houses,）,华伦夫人的职业,（,Mrs Warrens Profession,）,圣女贞德,（,Saint Joan,）,历史剧,卖花女,（,Pygmalion,）,魔鬼的门徒,（,The Devils Disciple,）,人与超人,（,Man and Superman,）,伤心之家,（,Heartbreak House,）,卡希尔,拜伦的职业,（,Cashel Byrons Profession,）,巴巴拉少校,（,Major Barbara,）,苹果车,（,The Apple Cart,）,医生的两难选择,(The Doctors Dilemma),长生,或,千岁人,(Back to Methuselah),凯撒和克娄巴特拉,（,Caesar and Cleopatra),（三）萧伯纳的主要作品,Shaw wrote quite a few history plays,in which he kept an eye on the contemporary society.The important plays of this group are Caesar and Cleopatra,凯撒和克莉奥佩屈拉,(1898)and St.Joan,圣女贞德,(1923).,（三）萧伯纳的主要作品,历史剧,卖花女,（,Pygmalion,）（,1964,年改编成电影,窈窕淑女,，当年获奥斯卡最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳改编音乐等八座小金人。）,（四）萧伯纳名言,Behind every successful man,there is a woman and behind every unsuccessful man,there are two.-Bernard Shaw,每个成功的男人后面都有一个女人；每个不成功的男人后面都有两个女人。,萧伯纳,I was born intelligent-education ruined me.-Bernard Shaw,我生下来时很聪明的,教育把我给毁了。,萧伯纳,（四）萧伯纳名言,Money is not everything.There is Mastercard&Visa.-Bernard Shaw,金钱并非一切，还有信用卡呢。,萧伯纳,Success is a relative term.It brings so many relatives.-Bernard Shaw,成功是一个相对的概念，就看你怎么看，无怪乎成功人士大家都拿他当自家亲戚看。,萧伯纳,Your future depends on your dreams.So go to sleep.-Bernard Shaw“,未来取决于梦想。”所以赶紧睡觉去。,萧伯纳,（四）萧伯纳名言,forget,the less you know.So why learn?-Bernard Shaw,学得越多，知道得越多。知道得越多，忘得越多。忘得越多，知道得越少。那么何必学呢？,萧伯纳,接下来：,Mrs.Warren Profession,华伦夫人的职业,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（一）,Background Information,After Shakespeare,Shaw was one of,Ireland,great dramatist,s,he created a series of outstanding dramatic works which are still Far-reaching social significance and unique research value.Lots of domestic and international scholars has been extensively studied his work from different angles.,萧是莎士比亚之后爱尔兰著名的戏剧家，他创作了一系列接触的戏剧作品，至今仍有深远的社会意义和独特的研究价值。很多国内外的学者从不同的领域深入研究了他的作品。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（一）,Background Information,Shaw show concern and sympathy for the lower classes and exposed the hypocrisy of bourgeois who is recognized as the leading dramatist in the world.,萧关心和同情下层阶级,并且揭露资产阶级的虚伪，被认为是世界领先的戏剧剧作家。,hypocrisy hpkrs：虚伪,bourgeois bw：资产阶级,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（一）,Background Information,“Mrs.,Warrens Profession,”,is one of his early works,contained by Discovery Quick Play Setwhich is referred to Play Unpleasant.Because it involved in some real serious topic rather than traditional theater to comedy,entertainment.For example,poor life and prostitution,allowing readers to seriously think about the the nature of the social problem.,华伦夫人的职业是他的早期作品之一，所包含的发现快播设置，被称为不愉快的戏剧，因为它涉及一些很严肃的话题，而不是传统的戏剧，喜剧和娱乐。例如，贫困的生活和卖淫，让读者深思社会问题的本质。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（一）,Background Information,When Shaw completed,“,Mrs.Warrens Profession,”,in 1893,-1894,it was censored for eight years.When it was finally produced on the London stage in 1902,the public was outraged by its controversial content.Reviewers overwhelmingly condemned the play as immoral,citing its focus on prostitution and incest.,萧于1893-1894年创作了华伦夫人的职业，该作品被审查八年。当它终于于1902年出现在伦敦的舞台上，公众被其有争议的内容激怒了。评审员压倒性的谴责该戏剧是不道德的，例如它集中在卖淫和乱伦上。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（一）,Background Information,Today,however,the play is applauded for its astute view of the corruption at the heart of Victorian society.The play centers on Mrs.Warren,who,forced by the economic realities of nineteenth century London,becomes a prostitute and later runs several successful brothels.Through her characterization,Shaw exposes the corruption and hypocrisy of the,“,genteel,”,class.,然而，该剧,在,今天,备受,称赞,，以,其,对,维多利亚时代的社会的腐败,有着独到,的观点,。戏剧以,华伦夫人,为中心,，,由于,十九世纪的伦敦的经济现实，被迫成为妓女后成功地运营了几个妓院。通过她,这一角色,，,萧,暴露,了上流社会,的腐败和虚伪,。,astute stjut 机敏的，狡猾的,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,The social significance:,In this play,Mrs.Warrens profession is keeping brothels.Mr.Crofts is her pafter in this business.Vivie,Mrs.Warren s daughter,was educated in a very moral atmosphere at boarding school.On graduating,she returns home and by accident discovers the sources of her mothers income.,在这部剧中，华伦夫人的职业是开妓院，克罗夫是他的商业合作伙伴。华伦夫人的女儿薇薇，在一个很有道德氛围的寄宿学校就读。毕业之后，她回到家，并且意外地发现了她妈妈的收入来源。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,The social significance:,Her conversations with Mrs.Warren and Crofts reveal the cynicism of these members of the ruling class.Vivie simply leaves her mother and,living independently,tries to earn her bread by honest work.Like Shaw,she is under the delusion that petty and gradual reforms will eventually do away with the evils of capitalism.,她和华伦夫人以及克罗夫的谈话揭示了统治阶级的玩世不恭。薇薇离开了她的母亲，独立生活，通过诚实的工作，努力挣得她自己的生活所需。如同萧自身的经历，薇薇沉浸在循序渐进的改革将最终消灭万恶的资本主义的幻想中。,cynicism snsz()m：玩世不恭，犬儒主义,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,The social significance:,The play tells an outrageous truth:In a moribund capitalist society,even prostitution can be a means of exploitation by an ex-prostitution Mrs.Warren and a sound investment by a respectable aristocrat Sir George Crofts.,Here Shaw exposes and satirizes the entire capitalist system,shows his infinite sympathy for the exploited,and therefore sharply and daringly touches on the most fundamental being of the capitalist system.,该剧讲述了一个令人吃惊的事实：在一个垂死的资本主义社会，甚至卖淫也可以成为由以前卖淫的华伦夫人和一个可靠的令人敬仰的贵族先生乔治,克罗夫进行剥削的手段。,在这里，萧揭露和讽刺整个资本主义制度，显示了他对被剥削者的无限同情，因此大幅和大胆地触及了资本主义制度最根本的东西。,moribund,mrbnd：,垂死的，停滞不前的,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Poverty and Wealth,Shaw knew well the consequences of poverty in Victorian England,the hypocrisy of the wealthy,and the interdependence of the rich and poor.,Mrs.Warrens poverty forces her into prostitution,which wealthy men pay for.Good society rejects her but overlooks,as Crofts points out,the corruption involved in the upper classs acquisition of its own wealth.,在维多利亚时代的英国，萧知道贫困的后果，大款的虚伪，以及穷人和富人之间的相互依存关系。,华伦夫人的贫困迫使她卖淫，有钱的男人来支付。,“好”的社会不接受她，但忽略这个，正如克罗夫所指的，参与在上层阶级获取自己的财富的腐败中。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Oppression and Freedom：,The play presents an ironic interplay of oppression and freedom.,Mrs.Warren gains financial freedom and a measure of independence as she moves away from the oppression of her poverty by the exploitation of her sex,which reinforces societys oppression of women.,该剧提供了一个具有讽刺意味的相互作用的压迫和自由。,华伦夫人获得财务自由和一定程度的独立，因为她利用性剥削使她远离了贫穷的压迫，然而这加强了社会对妇女的压迫。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Oppression and Freedom：,Shaw presents further irony in the fact that Vivies education has been bought by this oppression,which,when discovered,prompts her to leave her mother and so gain absolute independence.,萧进一步讽刺了这样一个事实，即薇薇的教育是通过这样的压迫剥削买来的，事实促使他离开自己的母亲，获得完全独立。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Mother/Daughter Relationship,The complexity of the two main characters creates a difficult mother/daughter relationship.,Throughout most of the play,Vivie refuses to play the dutiful daughter along with any other conventional feminine role.,Initially,she appears cold to a mother who spent little time with her when she was growing up,sending her off to boarding schools and the care of nannies.,She refuses to allow her mother to dictate her life,which frustrates Mrs.Warrens motherly instincts.,两位主角的复杂性，造成了一种艰难的母女关系。,纵观全剧，薇薇拒绝与其他任何传统的女性一样演绎一个孝顺的女儿。,最初，她对妈妈很冷淡，因为妈妈很少陪伴他，长大后又送她上寄宿学校，让保姆照顾。,她拒绝让她的母亲决定她的生活，这挫伤华伦夫人的母性的本能,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Mother/Daughter Relationship,Yet,when her mother explains the circumstances that led her to her profession,Vivie becomes the loving,supportive daughter,at least until she discovers that her mother does not have the strength to give up her comfortable life.,Yet,Mrs.Warren did meet her responsibilities as a parent:she provided a fine education and stable environment for her daughter and kept Vivie away from the sordid world of her profession.,然而，当她的母亲解释是环境使她选择这样的职业时，薇薇变得有爱和支持至少在她发现她妈妈没有勇气放下这样的舒适的生活之前。,然而，华伦夫人确实做到了自己作为母亲的责任。她提供了一个稳定的环境，良好的教育给她的女儿，并使薇薇远离了她职业的肮脏世界。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Prostitution:A Moral or Social Problem?,Prostitution was rampant in Victorian England and was a major social concern.,Where prostitution was believed to be a moral problem and prostitutes were believed to be fallen or corrupt,the appropriate response was believed to be punishment.,在维多利亚时代的英国，卖淫猖獗，是一个,主要的社会问题。,在,那,里卖淫被认为是一个道德问题,，,妓女被认为是“堕落”或“腐败”，,恰当的回应是,处罚。,二、,Mrs.Warren Profession,（二）,Themes,Prostitution:A Moral or Social Problem?,For Shaw,however,punishment,succour,and legal intervention were ineffective ways of dealing with prostitution.,It was necessary,he argued,to identify and respond to the root causes of prostitution,causes that had much more to do with economics than with morality.,然而，萧认为惩罚，救助和法律干预等处理卖淫的方式都是无效的。他认为这是必要的，真正认识到造成卖淫的根本原因，以及应对卖淫需要做的更多的是经济方面的而不是道德的。,Mrs.Kitty Warren,Vivie Warren,Reverend Samuel Gardner,Frank Gardner,Sir George Crofts,Mr.Praed,暧昧关系,父子,父女,母女,追求者,幕后老板,好友,恋人,&,姐弟,人物关系图,&,人物性格介绍,Comment,Mrs.Kitty Warren,A middle-aged society woman,made wealthy by running a string of brothels,Described by Shaw as a genial and fairly presentable old blackguard of a woman,38,2025/3/1 周六,华伦夫人头脑灵活,具有很强的生存能力和应变能力。她在女儿的指责面前虽一时惊慌,但却很快稳住了阵脚,利用女儿年轻、富有同情心的特点逐步夺回了自己的权势。,同时我们还可以看出华伦夫人对女儿怀有深深的爱。她是可怜的，也是可以理解的。在她幼时的家庭里，只有她和另一个也靠卖色相赚钱的女子最后获得了世俗意义上的成功，其他两个姐妹都做苦工，工钱不同期，忍受各种不公平。所以，她尽管选择了最没有尊严的事业，可是在当时是没有办法的。,性格分析,39,2025/3/1 周六,Vivie Warren,Mrs.Warrens daughter,Educated at Cambridge,is infuriated to learn of her mothers business,40,2025/3/1 周六,薇薇的冷酷与决绝并不能成为新女性与旧势力决裂的最佳注解。尽管她受过高等教育，疯狂地热爱工作，摒弃一切娱乐活动，而且痛恨心安理得地享用来路不正的钱财的行为，但是她无情地抛弃养育她的母亲，这显得有些过激。,因为无论母亲从事何种职业，她对于女儿的爱与培养都是出于真心的，薇薇的简单粗暴合于理而有违于情，并非成熟的斗争表现。,而且，她断绝与母亲一切关系的做法只是从某种程度上拯救了自己的灵魂，使自己心安理得而已，她对新女性的解放和发展并没有任何长期性的、建设性的贡献。总的来说，她的做法是逃避而非抗争，是消极而非积极，是赎己而非利他，因而不具有长远意义。,性格分析,41,2025/3/1 周六,Mr.Praed,Mrs.Warrens close friend,young and attractive,Shares romantic interest with Vivie,Comical and witty.,The plays male lead,42,2025/3/1 周六,Sir George Crofts,A friend of Mrs.Warren and Vivie.,Comically conservative and stuffy.,The plays second male lead.,43,2025/3/1 周六,Reverend Samuel Gardner,A local Reverend,highly moralistic and smart,he is the catalyst of the play in revealing Mrs.Warrens profession,44,2025/3/1 周六,Frank Gardner,Teenage son of Reverend Gardner,Despite being a small role,appearing in a few scenes,Frank makes observations about Mrs.Warren,Praed,and Crofts extravagant lifestyles.,45,2025/3/1 周六,Comment,This is a melodrama,and represents the struggle melodrama,Bernard Shaw did not figure the characters too differently.As he said:“the play has no wicked,if there is,it is society,we all should share some of his sins.,”,这是一部情节剧，而且是抗争类情节剧的代表，不过肖伯纳罕见的没有把人物表现得过于泾渭分明，用他的话说：“剧中没有恶人，如果说有，那就是社会，我们都应该分摊些他的罪恶。”,46,2025/3/1 周六,