储罐焊接规范.doc

WELDING STORAGE TANKS焊接储罐

1.0 SCOPE范围

This specification defines the welding, thermal treatment, examination, and testing requirements for shop and field fabrication of storage tanks. It supplements the codes listed in Section 2.0 of this specification.
本规程规格书确定了储罐工厂和现场制作的焊接、热处理、检验和测试的技术要求。它是对列在本规程规格书2.0章节的补充。

1.1 Definitions:定义

Vendor-Contractor:
卖方－承包商：
The word Vendor-Contractor will be used for the main supplier responsible for Welding.
单词“卖方－承包商”用来指负责焊接的主要供货方。
Owner:业主：
The word Owner will be used for BASF-YPC.
“业主”一词用来指BASF-YPC。
Licensor:签证方：
The Licensors are BASF or BASELL etc.
签证方专利商指BASF 或 BASELL等。
Purchaser:采购方：
Party responsible for issuing the Purchase Order. This may be the main Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) Contractor acting as an agent for the Owner.
负责发出采购定单的一方。它可以是作为业主代表的工程设计、采购和施工（ＥＰＣ）承包商。

APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS, AND REFERENCES
适用的规范、标准和参考文件。

The following Codes, Standards and Specifications form a part of this specification to the extent indicated by the references thereto. When an edition date is not indicated for a code or standard, the latest edition and addenda in force at time of purchase shall apply.
下列规范、标准和技术要求规格书为形成本技术规程规格书的一扩展部分。当没有指明规范或标准的出版日期时，在采购期间应采用在大规模采购期间有效的最新版本以及有效的附录修改单。

2.1 API (American Petroleum Institute)

API（美国石油协会）

Standard 620
标准 620
Recommended Rules for Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks
大型、焊接、低压储罐的设计和建造施工的推荐规则。
Standard 650
标准 650
Welded Steel Tanks for oil storage.
焊接钢制原油储罐

2.2 ASME (American Society Of Mechanical Engineers) Boiler And Pressure Vessel Code)

ASMEＡＳＭＥ（美国机械工程师协会）锅炉和压力容器标准

Section II, Part C Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
第II册卷章，Ｃ部分篇 焊接钢丝条、电焊条和填充金属
Section V Nondestructive Examination
第V册卷章 无损检测
Section VIII, Div. I Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
第VIII册卷章，第I分册 压力容器建造施工规则
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
第IX册卷章 焊接与钎焊评定

2.3 ASNT (American Society Of Nondestructive Testing)

ASNTＡＳＮＴ（美国无损检测协会）

SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Testing
Personnel Qualification and Certification
无损检测人员评定资格和取证推荐规则

2.4 ASTM (American Society For Testing And Materials)

ASTM（美国检验和材料协会）

A833 Standard Practice for Indentation Hardness of
Metallic Materials by Comparison Hardness Tester
用比较硬度测试仪确定金属材料压痕硬度的准则
E10 Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic
Materials
金属材料布氏硬度的标准测试方法
E18 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and
Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
　　　　　　　　　　 金属材料洛氏硬度和洛氏表面硬度测的标准测试方法试准则
E92 Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness of
Metallic Materials
　　　　　　　　　　 金属材料维氏硬度标准测试方法
E110 Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of
Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers
　　　　　　　　　　 用便携式硬度仪确定金属材料硬度的标准测试方法
E140 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals
　　　　　　　　　　 金属标准硬度转换表

WELDING STORAGE TANKS　焊接储罐

2.5 AWS (American Welding Society)

AWS（美国焊接协会）

A2.4 Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing and
Nondestructive Examination
焊接、钎焊和无损检测的标准符号
A3.0 Standard Welding Terms and Definitions
　　　　　　　　　　　标准焊接术语和定义
Z49.1 Safety in Welding, Cutting and Allied Processes
　　　　　　　　　　　焊接、切割和二者结合的安全

2.6 Chinese National Codes and Standards
中国国家规范和标准

Storage tanks fabricated within the Peoples Republic of China shall be designed, fabricated, inspected and tested fully in accordance with the latest revision of all applicable Chinese codes, standards, and project specifications, (unless otherwise stated in the applicable design documents)
The requirements of this specification shall also apply, except that references to ASME, API, AWS etc. shall be modified to equivalent Chinese codes and standards.
在中国制造的储罐，其设计、制造、检验与测试应完全符合所有最新版的相关适用的中国规范、标准和项目规格书规范设计技术要求的最新版本（除非在相关适用的设计文件中另有说明有其他规定）。除了参照ASME, API, AWS等相关的参考文件按照中国标准和规范的要求进行等效转化标准相应的修订外，本规程规格书技术要求也同样适用还应将上述标准按照中国标准和规范进行等效转化。

SH3046-92 Petrochemical design specification for vertical
cylindrical steel welded storage tanks.
　　　　　　　　　　　立式圆筒式钢制焊接储罐用石油化工设计技术规范。
SH3048-93 Seismic design specification for petrochemical steel facilities
　　　　　　　　　　　钢制石油化工设备抗震设计技术规范。
GBJ128-90 Vertical cylindrical steel welded storage tanks, fabrication, inspection and testing specifications.
　　　　　　　　　　　立式圆筒形钢制焊接储罐的制造、检验和试验规范。
GB5015-1992 Code of design for low pressure foam extinguishing systems. (2000 Revision)
　　　　　　　　　　　低压泡沫发泡灭火系统设计规范（２０００版）
All other relevant Chinese standards and regulations.
所有其他相应的中国标准和规程规则。
The above with exception of welded low pressure storage tanks, with a inside diameter over 15 meters, these are subject to API 620.
以上内容不适用于内径大于１５米的除了低压焊接储罐以外，上述内径大于１５米的此类储罐的设计及施工应遵循ＡＰＩ６２０AP1620。

2.7 BASF RPI 94/1 Annex 8.5 (attached)　
BASF RPI 94/1　附录8.5（附后附件）

2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 　通用技术要求

3.1 Welding to this specification shall conform to the requirements of the API 620 or API 650, whichever is applicable. Compliance with this specification and authorization of Welding Procedure Specifications and Procedure Qualification Records shall in no way relieve the Vendor-Contractor of the responsibility of providing welds which are sound and suited to the services for which they are intended.
按本规程规格书的焊接，应与API620或API650的技术要求一致，
这在取适用的那个任何时候都是适用的。符合本技术规程规格书和批准法定的焊接工艺规程和焊接工艺评定报告要求，并不能免除承包商提供优良的满足服务条件要求的焊缝的责任职责。

3.2 When the requirements of specifications listed in Section 2.0 above conflict with this specification, Vendor-Contractor shall immediately submit the matter to Purchaser for determination and written clarification.
当列在上述2.0章节的技术要求与本规程规格书有冲突时，卖方－承包商应立即将此事提交采购方确认并以书面形式澄清。

3.3 Welding and nondestructive testing symbols shall be in accordance with AWS A2.4.
焊接和无损检测符号应与AWS A2.4一致。

3.4 Welding terms and definitions shall be in accordance with the AWS A3.0.
焊接术语和定义应与AWS A3.0一致。

3.5 Safety measures for the protection of welders and operators involved in welding and cutting shall be in accordance with the practices specified in AWS Z49.1 plus all local, state, federal and other governing regulations.
有关焊接和切割的焊工和操作工的安全防护措施应与AWS Z49.1中条款一致，还应符合当地、国家、联邦政府和其他政府法规。

WELDING STORAGE TANKS 焊接储罐

3.6 Tack welds shall be made with the same AWS classification consumable that is used for the root pass.
点焊焊缝应该与用于根部焊道相同的AWS等级焊材焊接

3.7 Peening the weld is not allowed, chipping to remove slag using air tools is not considered peening.
焊缝喷丸是不允许的，用空气工具铲除渣子不认为是考虑用喷丸法。

3.8 Cleanliness shall be maintained during fabrication of welding. All stubs, rods, flux, slag and other foreign material shall be removed from inside and outside the tank.
焊接制作过程中应保持清洁。储罐内外表面的所有焊棒条端头、焊丝条、焊剂、焊渣和其他外来材料都应清除。

3.9 Attachments such as lugs, clips, support rings and similar items shall not be located on a weld seam without prior authorization from Purchaser.
在事先没有得到采购方授权的情况下，附件，例如支耳、夹具、支撑圈和类似物等附件，不应位于焊缝上。

Tank design shall incorporate butt-welded or double fillet welded lap joints between roof plates. Lap joints shall be in the direction which will shed water or drain to the edge of the roof.
罐顶板的设计应包含对接焊缝或双面搭接角焊缝接头的设计。搭接接头的方向应位于溢流或顶板的排放边缘位置。

3.10 Unless otherwise specified, all welded attachments shall be fully seal welded.
除非另有规定，所有焊接附件的附着焊缝都应为全密封满焊。

3.0 WELDING PROCEDURE AND PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATIONS
焊接工艺和人员资格

4.1 WPS (Welding Procedure Specification), PQR (Procedure Qualification Record), and Welder's Performance Qualification shall conform to the Unless otherwise specified, all welded attachments shall be fully seal requirements of ASME Section IX, API 620 Section 4.7 or API 650 Section 7 whichever is applicable, and to the requirements of this specification. On the WPS and PQR, the type and brand of welding materials shall be indicated.
ＷＰＳWPS（焊接工艺规程）、ＰＱＲPQR（焊接工艺评定）和焊工资格评定考试应满足本规程的要求，除非另有说明；所有焊接附件应符合与ASME 第IX册卷的要求一致，API 620 4.7章或API 650 第７章的全密封焊的要求，取适用的那个都是适用的。还要满足本规程的要求。有关WPS和PQR，焊接材料的类型和牌号应在WPS和PQR上标明。

4.2 Welding Procedure Specification (ASME Form QW-482 or equivalent) and PQRs (ASME Form QW-483 or equivalent) shall be submitted to Purchaser prior to the start of fabrication. Welding shall not proceed until these documents are returned to the Vendor-Contractor with authorization to proceed. 焊接工艺规程（ASME表格QW－482或等同表格）及焊接工艺评定（ASME表格QW－483或等同表格）应在制造开始之前提交采购方。只有在这些文件被批准实施返给卖方－承包商之后，焊接才能进行。

4.3 Welds that are deposited by procedures differing from those authorized by Purchaser may be subjected to complete removal at Vendor-Contractor's expense. 按照与采购方批准工艺不相同的工艺施焊的焊缝可能要彻底铲除，由此产生的费用由卖方－承包商承担。

4.4 All WPS and PQR for purchased items subcontracted by the prime Vendor-Contractor shall be reviewed by the prime Vendor-Contractor for content and contract compliance prior to submittal to Purchaser .所有被主最初卖方－承包商分包出去的采购项目的WPS和PQR，都应由主符合最初卖方－承包商对其内容和合同符合性进行审查，然后再按照事先提交给采购方的内容及合同。

4.5 Submerged arc welding of production parts shall be performed using the same name brand flux and the same name brand of wire as used for the PQR.生产部件的埋弧焊应使用用于与PQR的相同名称和牌号的焊剂和焊丝。

4.6 In case of hardness or notch toughness requirements, welding of production parts shall be performed using the same brand and type as used in the PQR.当有硬度或缺口冲击韧性要求时，生产部件的焊接应使用用于与PQR相同牌号和型号的焊材。

4.7 Vendor-Contractor shall submit a detailed weld map to Purchaser at the time of WPS/PQR submittal. Fabrication shall not start until the weld map is returned with instruction to proceed. The weld map shall contain, as a minimum, the following information: 卖方－承包商应在向采购方提交WPS／PQR的同时提交一份详细的焊缝焊接形布置式图。只有焊缝焊接布置形式图的允许实施意见返回之后，制造才能开始。焊缝形式图至少应包含下列资料：

A Sketch of the tank.罐体简图。
B Material type and grade for each type of tank component.每种形式罐体构件的材料类型和等级。
C WPS to be used for each typical seam, typical large nozzle connection, typical small nozzle connections , roof seams and floor seams.
用于每种典型标准焊缝、典型标准大尺寸接管接头、标准典型小尺寸接管接头、标准典型顶板焊缝和典型标准底板焊缝的焊接工艺规程。

WELDING STORAGE TANKS焊接储罐

D Type of joint (i.e., full penetration, fillet, socket, partial penetration, etc.). 焊缝类型标准接头（即例如，全熔透焊缝、角焊缝、承插焊缝、部分熔透焊缝）

4.0 ACCEPTABLE WELDING PROCESSES合格的焊接方法

5.1 Welding Process AWS Letter Designation 美国焊接协会焊接方法的字母表示方法：

Shielded Metal-Arc Welding保护金属极电弧焊 手工电弧焊 SMAW
Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding 钨极气体保护电弧焊 GTAW
Automatic Submerged Arc Welding 自动埋弧焊 SAW
Gas Metal Arc Welding (Spray or Globular Transfer)
熔化极气体保护电弧焊 （喷射或熔滴过渡）　　　　　　 GMAW

A combination of the above processes.上述方法的组合方法

5.2 FCAW (spray or globular transfer) process shall be limited to the following (other limitations maybe applied):
FCAW　FCAW （喷射或熔滴过渡）方法限于下列焊接有下列限制（可能还有其他限定情况）

A. Weld 　out of pressure retaining welds in P-1 and P-8 materials.用P-1和P-8材料制造的非承压焊缝
B. FCAW is not acceptable for root passes of butt welds when welding from one side.当从单面焊时，FCAW不能用于对接接头的根部焊道焊接。
C. The root pass of butt welds in P-1 materials when welded from both sides, provided the first pass is completely removed by back-gouging prior to start of welding from the second side.当从双面焊时，采用Ｐ－１材料的对接接头的根部焊道，条件是，在开始从另一面焊接之前，要将第一道焊道要彻底清根。
D. External gas shielding is required except per 5.2.E.除非采用5.2.E外，要求采用外部气体保护。
E. FCAW (spray or globular transfer) with self-shielding wire is acceptable for non-pressure retaining welds in P-1 materials that are limited to 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) leg length and are not subject to impact requirements.对于采用Ｐ－１材料、焊脚不超过3/8英寸（9.5mm）、且没有冲击要求的非承压焊缝，采用自保护焊丝的FCAW（喷射或熔滴过渡）是允许的。
F. FCAW using short circuit transfer is prohibited.采用短路过渡的FCAW是被禁止的。
G. Electrode diameter shall not exceed 1/8 inch (3.2 mm).焊条直径不应超过1/8英寸（3.2mm）。
H. Vertical downhill welding is not acceptable.垂直向下焊是不允许的。
I. Wind velocity shall not exceed 5 mph in the weld area, unless the weld is sheltered from the wind.焊接区域的风速不能超过5 mph，除非焊缝有防风保护。

5.3 If GMAW - Short Circuit Transfer process is authorized for a particular application it will be limited to (other limitations may be applied):如果GMAW－短路过渡方法被允许用于特殊场合，有下列限制（可能还有其他限定情况）：

A. Carbon steel only.　仅用于碳钢
B. Root pass and weld　weld out through 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) wall thickness. Root pass only on wall thickness greater than 3/8 inches (9.5 mm).根部焊道和壁厚超过3/8英寸（9.5mm）的焊缝。根部焊道仅为在壁厚超过3/8英寸（9.5mm）上的。

WELDING STORAGE TANKS焊接储罐

C. Root passes can be made in any direction, but fill and cap passes shall not be made in the downhill direction below the 2 o'clock position.根部焊道可以从任意方向焊接，但填充和盖面焊道不可以在低于２点的位置向下焊接。

5.4 Other welding processes require specific written authorization from Purchaser. Submit all pertinent data and intended application of said process for evaluation. Application of these processes shall not be assumed acceptable by the Vendor-Contractor during bid preparation.其他焊接方法要求得到采购方的书面认可。提交所有的相关数据和打算使用涉及到的工艺供评价。在投标阶段，这些工艺的采用不能假设被卖方－承包商接受。

5.0 FILLER MATERIALS 填充材料

6.1 Filler metal shall be as specified in ASME Section II, Part C.填充金属应按ASME 第II册卷章, C部分篇规定。

6.2 Filler metal chemistry for similar metal welds shall match that of the base metal. Similar metallurgical properties shall be produced.用于同类形成焊缝金属焊缝的填充金属的化学成份应与母材的相匹配，并产生获得相似的金属性能。

6.3 All dissimilar metal welded joints should be avoided whenever practical. When proposed, specific authorization must be obtained from Purchaser .在任何情况下，所有异质金属接头都应尽量避免。当需要时，必须从采购方获得明确规定的授权。

6.4 Solid wires for automatic welding processes shall contain the principal elements required for the deposited weld metal. Welds deposited by the submerged arc process shall not derive any principal element from the flux.用于自动焊的实芯焊丝应含有熔敷金属所需要的主要元素。采用埋弧焊得到的焊缝不能从焊剂获得任何主要元素。

6.5 Fluxes that the flux Manufacturer recommends for single pass shall not be used for multiple pass welds.焊剂制造商推荐用于单道丝焊焊缝焊的焊剂不能用于多道焊焊缝丝焊。

6.6 Filler wires in specification AWS A5.2 shall not be used for welding with GTAW process.
AWS A5.2　2 规范中的填充焊丝不能用于采用GTAW方法的焊接。

6.7 Low hydrogen electrodes shall be used for all shell course, bottom plates and other pressure retaining welds. For carbon steel piping welded from one side only, E6010 may be used for the root pass. For non-pressure retaining welds of roof plate, AWS Classification E6010, E6011,E6012, E7024 and E7027 may be used.所有壳体、底板和其他承压焊缝都应采用低氢焊条。只能从一侧焊接的碳钢管道，可以采用E6010焊接根部焊道。顶板的非承压焊缝，可以采用AWS等级E6010， E6011，E6012， E7024 和 E7027焊条。

6.8 Coated electrodes shall be purchased in hermetically sealed containers. 应采购放在密闭容器内的药皮焊条采购应存放在密闭容器内。

6.9 After opening shipping containers of electrodes, fluxes and other welding materials, storage and handling shall be as specified in the Manufacturer's recommendations and ASME Section II, Part C.在打开焊条、焊剂和其他焊接材料的装运包装之后，储存和管理领用应按照制造商推荐的和ASME第II册卷, C部分篇的规定做。

6.10 When requested, the Vendor-Contractor shall submit his procedure for the storage and handling of electrodes, filler metal and fluxes to Purchaser for review prior to the start of fabrication. The procedure shall include moisture, cleanliness and identification controls.当有要求时，在制造开始前，卖方－承包商应将其焊条、填充金属和焊剂的储存和管理领用程序提交采购方审核。该程序应包括除湿度、清洁度和标识控制。

6.11 Carbon and low allow steel ele