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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,音标,音标是记录音素的符号,是音素的标写符号。,它的制定原则是:一个音素只用一个音标表示,而一个音标并不只表示一个音素(双元音就是由2个音素组成的。相对于单元音来说,由2个音素构成的音标我们称之为双元音)。如汉语拼音字母、英语的韦氏音标和国际音标等。,分类:元音20个,辅音28个。,目录,第一节,字母表,第二节 国际音标分类表,第三节 元音,第四节 辅音,第一节:字母表,英语是一种拼音文字,我们只要知道了每一个字母的读音,我们就知道了一个单词的读音。由此可见,英语中字母的读音是最基本的读音单位。英语共有,26,个字母,其中元音字母,5,个,辅音字母,21,个。,大小写,读音,大小写,读音,大小写,读音,Aa,e,Jj,d,e,Ss,es,Bb,b,i:,Kk,k,e,Tt,ti:,Cc,s,i:,Ll,el,Uu,ju:,Dd,d,i:,Mm,em,Vv,vi:,Ee,i:,Nn,en,Ww,dblju:,Ff,ef,Oo,Xx,eks,Gg,di:,Pp,p,i:,Yy,wa,Hh,e,t,Qq,kju:,Zz,zi:/,zed,Ii,a,Rr,(r),:,第二节:国标音标分类表,单元音,双元音,长元音,短元音,e,a,i:,:,u,:,:,a,:,e,e,1.,元音分类:,元音可分为两大类:单元音和双元音。英语中共有,12,个单元音。发单元音时,颌、舌、唇不动。双元音共有,8,个,是一个元音滑向另一个元音产生的音,整个像一个长的单元音、单元音中按发音长短可分为长元音和短元音,具体分类如下:,第二节:国标音标分类表,清辅音,浊辅音,p,t,k,b,d,g,m,n,f,h,v,z,s,t,d,dr,r,w,j,tr,ts,d,z,2.,辅音分类:,辅音按声带振动与否,可分为两大类:清辅音和浊辅音。声带不振动的为清辅音,声带振动的为浊辅音。具体分类如下:,第三节:元音,Any time you propose doing something that hasnt been done before.There are always people who say you cant do it.If everybody agreed with you,someone would have already done it.,每当你提议做一些前人未做过的事情时,总会有人说你不行。若人人都同意你的想法时,很可能,已经有人做到了。,&,i:,是短元音。舌尖轻抵下齿龈,舌前部向硬腭抬起;嘴角向后缩,使双唇略扁;极为短促的气流从口腔冲出,微振韧带,发,音。,i:,是长元音。舌尖轻抵下齿龈,舌前部抬高,但不接触上齿龈;嘴角向后缩,使双唇呈扁平状;气流从口腔中流出,振动韧带,发出,i:,音。,发音比较:,&,i:,的发音与汉语中的“衣”极为相似。,发,时声音极为短促有力,气流受阻。,发,i:,时要扁唇,肌肉更为紧张。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,i,e,y,ey,等;发,i:,音的字母及字母组合主要有,i,e,ee,ea,等。,练习:,s,i,cks,k,pr,e,tt,y,pr,t,E,ngl,i,sh,gl,w,ee,kw,i:,k,w,e,w,i:,ea,t,i:,t,例句:,1.P,e,ter v,i,s,i,t,e,d h,i,s r,i,ch s,i,ster.,p,i:,t,v,z,t,d h,z r,t s,st,Peter,拜访了他富有的姐姐。,2.Pl,ea,se k,ee,p,i,t a s,e,cr,e,t.,pl,i:,z,k,i:,p,t,s,kr,t,请保密。,3.A friend,i,n n,ee,d,i,s a friend,i,nd,ee,d.,frend,n n,i:,d,z,frend,nd,i:,d,患难见真情。,e,&,e,是短元音。发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌位比,i:,低;唇形开口度比,i:,大。双唇扁平,上下齿的距离相当于一个中指宽度;极为短促的气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,e,音。,是短元音。舌端靠下齿,舌前部向硬腭抬起的程度比低;双唇尽量向两边平伸,使嘴角肌肉感到紧张;上下齿的距离相当于一个两个手指宽度;极为短促的气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,发音比较:,e,和,的发音很容易混淆。,要区别这两个音标主要在于口形大小。,发音时,,双唇张度更大。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,e,音的字母及字母组合主要有e,a,e,等;发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,a,等。,练习:,fri,e,ndfr,e,nd,b,e,dbed,b,e,stb,e,st,b,a,db,d,a,nt,n,t,st,a,ndst,n,d,例句:,1.My fri,e,nd is r,e,sting in b,e,d.,ma fr,e,nd,z r,e,st,n b,e,d,我朋友正在床上休息。,2.The f,a,t c,a,t was d,ea,d.,f,t k,t,w,z,d,e,d,那只胖猫死了。(估计是肥屎的,骚年,减肥吧!),3.Dont,l,e,t the c,a,t out of the b,a,g,.,(真相大白,秘密泄露),d,nt l,e,t,k,t,a,t,v,b,g,不要把这条消息泄露出去。,&,:,是短元音。,舌中部向上腭抬起,舌端离开下齿,舌身自然平展;唇形放松、扁平;极为短促的气流从口腔冲出,振动声带,发,音。,:,是长元音。,舌端离开下齿,舌身平放后缩,舌位较低;口张大,口形自然略成圆形;气流从口腔流出,振动声带,发,:,音。,发音比较:,和,:,的发音可与,“,啊,”,相似。,发,时,口形较小,音比“,a,”更短促,气流受阻。,发,:,时,发声部位靠后,舌位略高。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,的字母及字母组合主要有,o,u,ou,等;发,:,的字母及字母组合主要有,a,au,ar,er,ear,等。,练习:,l,o,vel,v tr,ou,bletr,bl,u,nder,nd,cl,er,kkl:k,l,au,ghl:f,l,a,stl:st,例句:,1.C,ar,l has a t,ou,gh s,o,n.,k,:,l h,z,t,f s,n,卡尔有一个强健的儿子。,2.Please p,ar,k the c,ar,in the c,ar,p,ar,k.,pl,i:,z,p,:,k,k,:,n,k,:,p,:,k,请把车停在停车场。,3.The dog keeps b,ar,king in the d,ar,k.,d,g k,i:,ps b,:,k,n,d,:,k.,那条狗在黑暗中不停地叫唤。,绕口令,Frog,frog sat on a rock,Frog,frog had a great shock!,Frog,frog fell off the top;,Into the pond he fell with a plop.,注释:,frogfrg,青蛙,rockrk,石头,shock,k,吃惊,pondpnd,池塘,plopplp,扑通声,&,:,是短元音。舌端离开下齿,舌身尽量降低并后缩;双唇自然成圆形,嘴角有紧绷的感觉,保持口型不变;一股极为短促的气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,:,是长元音。舌端离开下齿,舌后抬高;上下唇略为张大,唇形较圆,并用力向前突出;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,:,音。,发音比较:,和,:,的发音与汉语中的“哦”相似。,发,:,音的口型是在发,音的基础上略微收缩。,:,音比,音发音时间长。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,o,ou,等;发,:,音的字母及字母组合主要有,a,al,or,等。,练习:,st,o,pst,p c,ou,ghk,f,b,o,ttleb,tl,w,a,terw,:,t,f,al,lf,:,l f,au,ltf,:,lt,例句:,1.Leaves f,al,l,o,n the l,aw,n very,o,ften.,l,i:,vz,f,:,l,n,l,:,n,ver ,fn,树叶常常落在草坪上。,2.P,au,l is f,or,ty-f,ou,r.,p,:,l z,f,:,t,-,f,:,保罗四十四岁了。,3.T,o,m is eating a h,o,t d,o,g.,t,m z ,i:,t,h,t d,g,Tom,正在吃热狗。,&,:,是短元音。舌端离开下齿,舌身平展而放松,舌中部向上腭抬起;双唇略扁,使嘴微张,舌尖靠近下齿龈,但不紧贴;气流从口腔中冲出,微振声带,发,音。,:,是长元音。舌端离开下齿,舌身平展,舌中部稍抬起;双唇扁平,向左右略微拉开,成微笑状;气流从口腔中冲出,微振声带,发,:,音。,发音比较:,发两个音的双唇都略扁,嘴微张,嘴角松弛,类似,“,额,”,。,发,:,时,气流畅通,发音较长。,而发,音时,气流受阻,声音短促。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,a,u,o,ar,等;发,:,音的字母及字母组合主要有,ir,er,ear,ur,等。,练习:,a,gain,ge,(,),n,a,sleep,sli:p,doll,ar,d,l,t,er,mt,:,m,sk,ir,tsk,:,t,l,ear,nl,:,n,例句:,1.Th,e,wint,er,is ov,er,.,wnt,z,v,冬天过完了。,2.Th,e,teach,er,was very n,er,v,ou,s,a,t f,ir,st.,t,i:,t,wz ver,n,:,v,s,/,t f,:,st,一开始的时候这个老师很紧张。,3.He does not like w,or,king in th,e,ch,ur,ch.,(教堂),h,i:,dz n,t l,a,k w,:,k,n,t,:,t,他不喜欢当牧师。,&,u,:,是短元音。舌端离开下齿,舌后部向软腭抬起;双唇圆而小,稍向前突出;极为短促的气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,u,:,是长元音。舌端离开下齿,舌后部向软腭抬高,舌位明显高于,音;双唇尽量收缩成圆而小,小于,的唇形,并稍前突出;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,u,:,音。,发音比较:,和,u,:,的发音类似于“屋”。,发音时声音比“,u,”更为短促,气流受阻。,而发,u,:,时,双唇突出没有“,u,”大。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,o,oo,等;发,u,:,音的字母及字母组合主要有,o,u,oo,等。,练习:,l,oo,kl,k f,oo,tf,t p,ul,lp,l,fr,ui,tfr,u,:,t ch,oo,se,t,u,:,z,r,u,ler,u,:,l,例句:,1.J,u,dy was very r,u,de t,o,S,u,san.,d,u,:,d,w,z ver,r,u,:,d t,s,u,:,zn,朱迪对苏珊很粗鲁。,2.Wh,o,t,oo,k away my b,oo,k?,h,u,:,t,k,we,ma b,k,谁把我的书拿走了。,3.It is tr,ue,that the bl,ue,b,oo,k is mine.,t z tr,u,:,t,bl,u,:,b,k,z m,a,n,这本蓝色的书真的是我的。,绕口令,1.You know I know that you know.I know that you know that I know,.,2.A,tutor,who tooted the flute tried to,tutor,two tooters to toot.,Said the two to the,tutor,“Is it harder to toot or to,tutor,two tooters to toot?”,注释:,tutortju:t,家庭教师,教,toottu:t,吹笛,fluteflu:t,长笛,tootertu:t,吹笛的人,&,是双元音。口形由,向,的舌位滑动,,发得清楚响亮,,发得模糊短促;唇形从扁平到略圆,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,是双元音。由,很快滑向,,,发得清楚响亮,,发得短促;唇形由圆形到扁平,舌位由高到低;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,发音规则,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,o,oa,oe,ow,等。,“,欧,”,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,oor,our,ure等。,“,屋额,”,练习:,zer,o,z,(,),r,sl,ow,sl,b,oa,tb,t,p,oor,p,t,our,t,cr,ue,l kr,l,例句:,1.,O,h,dont g,o,h,o,me al,o,ne,J,oa,n.,d,nt g,h,m,l,n,d,n,Joan,,别独自回家。,2.What a p,oor,guy!,w,t,p,g,a,可怜的娃儿!,3.Are you s,ure,that he will be c,ure,d?,(治愈),(r),:ju:,t,hi:wl b kj,d,你确定他还有救?(放弃治疗吧,骚年!),e,&,e,e,是双元音。,e,是从,e,向,的舌位滑动,,e,发得清楚响亮,,发得模糊短促;唇形扁平,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,e,音。,e,是双元音。由,e,很快滑向,,发,e,时舌尖靠近下齿,唇形由扁平到自然,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,e,音。,发音规则,发,e,音的字母及字母组合主要有,a,ay,等。,“,诶,”=,字母,a,发,e,音的字母及字母组合主要有,air,are,等。,练习:,w,ay,w,e,l,a,tel,e,t pr,ai,sepr,e,z,b,ear,b,e,w,a,ryw,e,r,p,a,rentp,e,r,nt,例句:,1.No w,ay,go aw,ay,.,n,w,e,g,w,e,没门,滚开!(骚年,别给脸不要脸,滚吧!),2.It is a gr,ea,t d,ay,!,t z,gr,e,t d,e,天气真好!,3.Th,ere,is a big b,ear,in the,a,rea.,e,z b,g b,e,n,i,e,r,这地儿有只大熊。,&,是双元音。是从,向,的舌位滑动,,发得清楚响亮,,发得模糊短促;唇形由圆形变扁平,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,是双元音。由,很快滑向,,,发得清楚响亮,,发得短促;唇形由扁平到自然,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,音。,发音规则,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,oy,oi,等。,“,哦衣,”,发,音的字母及字母组合主要有,ea,ere,等。,“,衣额,”,练习:,c,oi,nk,n,n,oi,sen,z b,oy,b,d,eer,d,f,ear,f,cl,ear,cl,例句:,1.The b,oy,sp,oi,led his t,oy,.,b,sp,ld,hz,t,这男孩毁坏了他的玩具。,2.I f,ear,we cant h,ear,him cl,ear,ly.,a f,wi:knt,h,hm kl,l,我担心我们不能清楚地听到他的声音。,3.The s,oy,beans are in the s,oi,l.,s,bi:nz ,(r),:,n,s,l,这些大豆在土里。,a,&,a,a,是双元音。是从,a,向,的舌位滑动,,a,发得清楚响亮,,发得模糊短促;唇形扁平,由大到小,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,a,音。,a,是双元音。,a,是由,a,很快滑向,,,a,发得清楚响亮,,发得短促;唇形由扁平到圆形,由大到小,舌位由低到高;气流从口腔中冲出,振动声带,发,a,音。,发音规则,发,a,音的字母及字母组合主要有,i,ei,等。,“,爱,”,发,a,音的字母及字母组合主要有,ow,ou,等。,“,啊呜,”,练习:,n,i,cen,a,s b,uy,b,a,ei,ther,a,c,ow,k,a,h,ou,seh,a,s,br,ow,nbr,a,n,例句:,1.,I,tr,ie,d to f,i,nd m,y,self.,a,tr,a,d t f,a,nd m,a,self,我尽力找回自己。(骚年,还记得当初那个风一样的自己麽?),2.H,ow,ab,ou,t going,ou,t for a walk?,h,a,b,a,t g,a,t f,:,w,:,k,出去走走,怎么样?(天气不错,适合面基),3.,I,dont have t,i,me to f,i,nd him.,a,d,nt h,v,t,a,m t,f,a,nd hm,我没有时间去找他。,绕口令,You have no need to light a night-light on a light night like tonight.,F,or a night-lights lights slight light,and to nights a night thats light.,注释:,lightl,a,t,点燃,灯,灯光,明亮的,tonightt,nat,今晚,slightsl,a,t,轻微的,第四节 辅音,Daylight,I must wait for the sunrise,I must think of a new life,and I mustnt give in.When the dawn comes,tonight will be a memory too,and a new day will begin.,天明,我要等待太阳升起,我要为未来思考,我不能放弃。黎明到来,今夜就将要成为回忆,新的一天就要开启。,p,&,b,p,是清辅音。舌身自然平放在口腔中;双唇紧闭,呈不说话状态,在口腔内形成一股气流;气流由双唇迸出,不振动声带,发,p,音。,b,是浊辅音。,舌身自然平放在口腔中;双唇紧闭,呈不说话状态,在口腔内形成一股气流;气流由双唇迸出,振动声带,发,b,音。,发音注意:,发音的时候气流是“冲出”或是“迸出”不是简单的吹气。,发音过程中,,p,不要振动声带,而,b,要振动声带。,这也是清辅音和浊辅音的重要区别。,发音规则及练习:,发音规则:在英语单词中,发,p,音的字母及字母组合主要有,p,pp,等;发,b,音的字母及字母组合主要有,b,bb,等。,练习:,p,ay,p,e,p,ost,p,st a,pp,ear,p,b,ut,b,t,b,a,b,y,b,ei,b,i,b,ook,b,k,例句:,1.,P,eter is,p,icking,p,lums and a,pp,les.,p,i:t,z,p,k,p,lmz,/,nd,p,lz,Peter,正在摘李子和苹果。,2.,B,e sure to,b,ring the,b,ag,b,ack.,b,t,b,r,b,g,b,k,务必把这个包带回来。,3.,P,lease,p,ut it on the,b,ed.,p,li:z,p,t t,n,b,ed,请把它放床上。,t,&,d,t,是清辅音。舌尖轻抵上齿龈,嘴微张;舌与硬腭之间聚焦一股气流;气流由舌尖和上齿龈之间冲出,同时,舌尖迅速离开上齿龈,不振动声带,发,t,音。,d,是浊辅音。舌尖轻抵上齿龈,嘴微张;舌与硬腭之间聚焦一股气流;气流由舌尖和上齿龈之间冲出,同时,舌尖迅速离开上齿龈,振动声带,发,d,音。,发音规则:,发,t,音的字母及字母组合主要有,t,tt,等。,发,d,音的字母及字母组合只有,d,。,练习:,ea,t,i:,t,le,tt,er,le,t,ge,t,ge,t,d,o,d,u:,rea,d,ri:,d,d,uty,d,ju:t,例句:,1.,D,on,t,t,ell him tha,t,.,d,n,t,t,el hm,t,不要告诉他那件事。,2.Wha,t,is the,d,a,t,e,t,o,d,ay?,w,t,z,d,e,t,t,d,e,今天几号?,3.Wha,t,is,d,one can no,t,be un,d,one,w,t,z,d,n k,n n,t,b,n,d,n,覆水难收。,k,&,g,k,是清辅音。舌后部抬高并使其紧贴软腭,嘴微张;舌后部与软腭之间聚集一股气流;气流由舌后部和软腭之间冲出,同时,舌后部与软腭迅速分离,不振动声带,发,k,音。,g,是浊辅音。舌后部抬高并使其紧贴软腭,嘴微张;舌后部与软腭之间聚集一股气流;气流由舌后部和软腭之间冲出,同时,舌后部与软腭迅速分离,振动声带,发,g,音。,发音规则:,发,k,音的字母及字母组合主要有,k,cc,等。,发,g,音的字母及字母组合有,g,gg,等。,练习:,lu,ck,l,k,k,ill,k,l,c,ome,k,m,g,ame,g,e,m do,g,d,g,g,lad,g,l,d,例句:,1.The,c,oo,k,is ba,k,ing a,c,a,k,e.,k,k,z be,k,k,e,k,这个厨师正在烤蛋糕。,2.Every,c,ountry has its,c,ustoms.,evr,k,ntr,h,z tz,k,st,mz,每个国家都有自己的风俗习惯。,3.He is too poor,and he has to,g,o be,gg,ing.,h,z tu:p,nd hi:hz t,g,be,g,他太穷了,不得不去乞讨。,f,&,v,f,是清辅音。上齿轻触下唇;气流从唇与齿之间的空隙泻出,产生一定摩擦;不振动声带,发,f,音。,v,是浊辅音。上齿轻触下唇;气流从唇与齿之间的空隙泻出,产生一定摩擦;振动声带,发,v,音。,发音规则:,发,f,音的字母及字母组合主要有,f,ph,ff,等。,发,v,音的字母及字母组合有,v,f,ph,等。,练习:,su,ff,er,s,f,ph,oto,f,t,rou,gh,r,f,v,ictory,v,kt,r,v,alley,v,l,sa,v,ese,v,例句:,1.,F,ish begins to rot,f,rom the head.,f,bgnz,t r,t,f,r,m,hed,上梁不正下梁歪。,2.I am a,f,raid you may,f,all o,ff,the cli,ff,.,a,m,f,red ju:me,f,:,l,f,kl,f,我怕你从悬崖上掉下来。,3.The,v,oyage is o,v,er.,v,d,z,v,旅行结束了。,绕口令,1.Black likes to keep that kind of clock on his oak-desk.,2.A Finnish fisher named Fisher failed to fish any fish one Friday afternoon and finally he found out a big fissure in his fishing-net.,注释:,oakk,橡树,Finnishf,n,芬兰的,fissuref,深长裂缝,netnet,网,s,&,z,s,是清辅音。舌尖接近上齿龈,舌尖与上齿龈之间的距离较小;气流从舌头与硬腭和齿龈之间摩擦而出;不振动声带,发,s,音。,z,是浊辅音。舌尖接近上齿龈,舌尖与上齿龈之间的距离较小;气流从舌头与硬腭和齿龈之间的狭缝中摩擦而出;振动声带,发,z,音。,发音规则:,发,s,音的字母及字母组合主要有,s,ss,ce,等。,发,z,音的字母及字母组合有,z,s,ss,等。,练习:,s,ome,s,m,re,c,entri:,s,nt,i,c,e,a,s,cra,z,ekre,z,z,oom,z,u:m,la,z,yle,z,例句:,1.Plea,s,e excu,s,e me.,pli:,z,kskju:,z,mi:,请原谅我。,2.She,s,eek,s,no advi,c,e.,i:,s,i:k,s,n,dv,a,s,她从来不听劝告。,3.She i,s,my friend,s,cou,s,in.,i:,z,m,a,frend,z,k,z,n,她是我朋友的表妹。,&,是清辅音。将舌尖略微伸出,放在上下齿之间,使舌尖两面轻触上下齿;气流从舌和齿间流出,但口腔内各部位保持不动;不振动声带,发,音。,是浊辅音。将舌尖略微伸出,放在上下齿之间,使舌尖两面轻触上下齿;气流从舌和齿间流出,但口腔内各部位保持不动;振动声带,发,音。,发音规则:,发,音的字母组合主要有,th,。,发,音的字母组合有,th,。,练习:,heal,th,yhel,too,th,tu:,mou,th,m,a,th,ough,th,an,n,wi,th,w,例句:,1.A bird in,th,e hand is wor,th,two in,th,e bush.,b,:,d n,h,nd z w:,tu:n,b,双鸟在林,不如一鸟在手。,2.Stop!,T,h,ief!,st,p,i:f,抓小偷!,3.,Th,ere is no,th,ing.,e,z n,这儿什么也没有。,j,&,w,j,可以归类为半元音。舌前部向硬腭抬起,舌位高,双唇向两旁伸展成扁平状;气流从抬起的舌身与硬腭之间通过,产生摩擦;振动声带,发,j,音。,w,可以归类为半元音。舌前部向硬腭抬起,舌位高,双唇呈圆形并突出;气流从抬起的后舌与软腭之间的间隙通过,产生摩擦;振动声带,发,w,音。,发音规则:,发,j,音的字母有,y,u,与,ew,可发作,ju:,音,,而,ure,组合发作,j,音,发,w,音的字母及字母组合有,o,w,u,wh,。,练习:,n,ew,n,j,u:,ref,u,ser,f,j,u:z,p,u,rep,j,o,nce,w,ns,s,w,ims,w,m,w,ash,w,例句:,1.I,w,ant to,w,ork.,a,w,n,t t,w,:,k,我想去工作。,2.,W,hen,w,ill,w,e go a,w,ay?,w,en,w,l,w,i:g,w,e,我们什么时候离开?,3.May I use,y,our pen?,me,a,ju:z,j,:,pen,我能用一下你的笔吗?,l,&,r,l,是浊辅音。舌尖抵住上齿龈,舌身前高后低;气流从舌头两边流出;振动声带,发,l,音。,r,是浊辅音。将舌尖卷起,停在口腔中央,不要贴口腔任何部位;双唇稍微向外突出,不要太用力;气流由舌面和硬腭之间流出,振动声带,发,r,音。,发音规则:,发,l,音的字母及字母组合主要有,l,ll,。,发,r,音的字母及字母组合有,r,rr,rh,wr,。,练习:,l,ake,l,e,k,l,eve,l,l,ev,l,fi,ll,f,l,r,oke,r,k,bo,rr,ow,b,r,r,ace,r,e,s,例句:,1.,L,i,l,y,l,ikes to,l,augh at others.,l,l,l,a,ks t,l,:,f,t ,z,Lily,喜欢嘲笑别人。,2.She,l,ikes the,l,ove,l,y,l,itt,l,e butterf,l,y.,i:,l,a,ks,l,v,l,l,t,l,b,t,f,l,a,她喜欢这只可爱的小蝴蝶。,3.The,r,umour p,r,oved to be true.,r,u:m,p,r,u:vd t,b,t,r,u:,经证实,这个谣言是真的。,m,&,n,&,m,是浊辅音。双唇闭拢,舌部放平,呈不说话状态;气流由鼻腔流出;振动声带,发,m,音。,n,是浊辅音。舌尖轻触上齿龈,舌叶轻碰硬腭,嘴微张;气流由鼻腔流出;振动声带,发,n,音。,是浊辅音。舌后部紧贴软腭,嘴微张;气流由鼻腔流出;振动声带,发,音。,发音规则:,发,m,音的字母有,m,。发,n,音的字母及字母组合有,n,kn,。,字母组合,ng,nk,nge,分别可发作,/g,、,k,、,d,。,练习:,m,onth,m,n,sa,m,ese,m,nu,m,bern,m,b,n,ever,n,ev,n,ote,n,t,trai,n,tre,n,dri,n,kdr,k,stri,ng,str,si,n,ks,k,例句:,1.To,m,m,ade,m,a,n,y,m,istakes i,n,his ho,m,ework.,t,m,m,e,d,m,e,n,m,steks,n,h,z h,m,w:k,Tom,的作业有好多错误。,2.To,n,y has take,n,the trai,n,.,t,n,h,z te,k,n,tre,n,Tony,上火车了。,3.The si,ng,er sa,ng,a lot of lo,ng,so,ng,s.,s,s,l,t v,l,s,z,这位歌手唱了很多长歌。,h,h,是清辅音。双唇张开,舌身一放于口腔中,并使其保持轻松状态;气流通过声门时发生轻微摩擦,然后从口腔泄出;不振动声带,发,h,音。,发音规则:,发,h,音的字母及字母组合有,h,wh,;但有时,h,不发音。,练习:,h,发音:,h,ome,h,m,h,ole,h,l,wh,oever,h,u:ev,h,不发音:,nig,h,tnat,w,h,atwt,w,h,enwen,例句:,1.,H,e told,h,er,h,ow to deal with it.,h,i:t,ld,h,:,h,a,t,di:l,w t,他告诉她怎么处理这件事情。,2.,H,istory repeats itself.,h,str,r,pi:ts,tself,历史重演。,3.,H,er,h,usband is,h,ard-,h,earted.,h,:,h,zbnd,z,h,:d,-,h,:t,d,她丈夫是个冷酷无情的人。,谚语,1.Lookers-on see most of the game.,旁观者清。,2.No news is good news.,没有消息就是好消息。,3.An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.,一日之计在于晨。,4.Harm set,harm get.,害人反害己。,&,是清辅音。舌叶接近上齿龈后部与硬腭前部,双唇略突出;气流从舌身与硬腭前部之间,通过齿龈和舌尖之间流出;不振动声带,发,音。,是浊辅音。,舌叶接近上齿龈后部与硬腭前部,双唇略突出;气流从舌身与硬腭前部之间,通过齿龈和舌尖之间流出;振动声带,发,音。,发音规则:,发,音的字母及字母主要组合有,c,s,sh,sc,等。,发,音的字母及字母主要组合有,ge,z,si,等。,练习:,so,c,ials,l,a,ss,ure,o,c,ean,n,mea,s,ureme,re,g,imere,i:m,trea,s,ure,tre,例句:,1.His conclu,si,on is unu,s,ual.,h,z knklu:,n,z,nju:,ul,他的结论不同寻常。,2.They found the trea,s,ure in A,s,ia.,e,f,a,nd,tre,n,e,他们在亚洲发现这些珠宝。,3.I,sh,all do the divi,s,ion,but not the addi,t,ion.,a,l du:,d,v,n,b,t n,t,d,n,我应该做除法,而不是加法。,t,&d,t,是清辅音。舌尖抵住上齿龈,形成发,t,的音位,然后舌尖与上齿龈慢慢分开,让气流从它们之间的狭缝中摩擦而出;唇形从,t,的自然张开过渡到,的略微突出的唇形;不振动声带,发,t,音。,d,是浊辅音。舌尖抵住上齿龈,形成发,d,的音位,然后舌尖与上齿龈慢慢分开,让气流从它们之间的狭缝中摩擦而出;唇形从,d,的自然张开的唇形变成略微突出的唇形;振动声带,发,d,音。,发音规则:,发,t,音的字母及字母主要组合有,t,ch,等。,发,d,音的字母及字母主要组合有,d,j,dg,等。,练习:,ch,ess,t,es,rea,ch,ri:,t,lun,ch,l,n,t,j,ust,d,st,j,u,dg,e,d,d,g,in,d,n,例句:,1.The coa,ch,passed ea,ch,ch,u,r,ch,.,k,t,p:st,i:,t,t,:,t,这辆马车经过了每一个教堂。,2.,J,ohn en,j,oys,j,okes.,d,n,n,d,z,d,ks,John,喜欢开玩笑。,3.Carl,j,umped into the,j,eep.,k,:,l,d,mpt,nt,d,i:p,卡尔跳进吉普车。,ts,&,dz,ts,清辅音。舌尖抵住上齿龈,形成阻碍;舌端略下降,气流随即冲出口腔,摩擦成音;不振动声带,发,ts,音。,dz,浊辅音。舌尖抵住上齿龈,形成阻碍;舌端略下降,气流随即冲出口腔,摩擦成音;振动声带,发,dz,音。,发音规则:,发,ts,音的字母组合有,ts,tes,。,发,d,z,音的字母组合有,ds,des,。,练习:,sea,ts,si:,ts,rou,tes,ru:,ts,ma,tes,me,ts,roa,ds,r,dz,car,ds,k,:,dz,fiel,ds,fi:l,dz,例句:,1.The ca,ts,are biting the ra,ts,.,k,ts,:,ba,t,r,ts,猫在咬老鼠。,2.Soft wor,ds,win hard hear,ts,.,s,ft w,:,dz,w,n h,:,d h,:,ts,温柔的话语赢得冷酷的心。,3.He hol,ds,three bir,ds,in his han,ds,.,hi:,h,l,dz,ri:b:,dz,n h,z hn,dz,他手里拿了三只鸟。,tr,&,dr,tr,是清辅音。舌尖身上卷起,抵在上齿龈后部;双唇收圆,稍向前突出,气流冲破舌尖和齿龈之音的阻碍,发出,t,后立即发,r,;不振动声带,发,tr,音。,dr,是浊辅音。舌尖身上卷起,抵在上齿龈后部;双唇收圆,稍向前突出,气流冲破舌尖和齿龈之音的阻碍,发出,t,后立即发,r,;振动声带,发,dr,音。,发音规则:,发,tr,音的字母组合有,tr,。,发,d,r,音的字母组合有,dr,。,练习:,tr,ade,tr,e,d,tr,y,tr,a,tr,i,p,tr,p,dr,op,dr,p,dr,iver,dr,a,v,dr,ess,dr,es,例句:,1.Never,tr,ouble,tr,ouble till,tr,ouble,tr,oubles you.,nev,tr,bl,tr,bl,t,l ,tr,bl,tr,bl,z,ju:,不要自寻烦恼。,2.One must,dr,aw the line somewhere.,w,n m,st,dr,:,l,a,n,s,mwe,凡事应有其度。,3.He was,dr,unk and,dr,opped in the s,tr,eet.,hi:w,z,dr,k,nd,dr,pt,n,s,tr,i:t,他喝醉了,倒在街头。,绕口令,1.The drain in the train dripped again and again until the drain in the train dripped dry.,2.Tom s got a lot of dots on his pocket.If he wants to wash off the dots,he will use a pot of hot water.,注释:,draindre,n,下水道,dripdr,p,滴下,dotd,t,点,pocketp,k,t,口袋,potp,t,锅,人有了知识,就会具备各种分析能力,,明辨是非的能力。,所以我们要勤恳读书,广泛阅读,,古人说“书中自有黄金屋。,”通过阅读科技书籍,我们能丰富知识,,培养逻
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