英语四级作文写作技巧.docx

四级作文类型
Argument---议论型作文from others' eyes 2000 年6 月/ my view 1998 年6 月/ A & D 1996 年1 月
Explain---解释说明性作文hot issue 沙尘暴sand storm 96 年6 月 98 年1 月
Graph & Picture 四六级从来没有考过图话题 02 年6 月
名言警句题Practice makes perfect. Haste makes waste.
Information---通知型作文（书信） 02 年1 月
Description---描述型作文 04 年6 月
写好主题句
主题句：放在段首的，反映段落中心思想的，起引导和限制作用的句子。
主题句的要求
主题句要有明确的导向。
The 'Transformers' is very interesting. I do moning exercise every day.
主题句越具体越好。
People try to improve their health. People try many ways to improve their health.
主题句越漂亮越好。
不能有错，句型要漂亮，句式多样化。但是物极必反。
句法和句型：
写出最基本的正确的句子你就可以拿到8-11 分的档
What is the most important factor of a sentence for the first step? Correct!
(Right) or (Wrong) He has three sons, most of them are middle school students.
☆五大简单句基本句型：主+谓；主+谓+宾；主+谓+宾+补；主+谓+宾+宾；主+系+表
☆如何在正确写出短句的基础上把句子加长？
方法一：写并列句(compound sentence )
并列句：两个或者两个以上的简单句通过连词连接起来的句子。
方法二：写复合句(complex sentence )
三种针对上文错句的改法：
He has three sons. Most of them are middle school students.
He has three sons, and most of them are middle school students.
He has three sons, most of whom are middle school students.
复合句的概念引入
定语从句
状语从句
名词性从句：主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句
X 语从句即为句子做X 语
句子做主语→主语从句
你所说的非常重要。
________________ is very important.
What you said is very important.
句子做表语→表语从句
你所说的正是我想要知道的。
What you said is what I wanted.
1、_______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret.
Why they left their hometown for Yunnan
2. _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious.
That this was done on purpose
3. It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚).
whom Mary is engaged to
4.Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资).
that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages.
强调句和倒装句的写法
It is（was）＋被强调的部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分
Tom met me on the street the day before yesterday.
强调Tom
It was Tom who met me on the street the day before yesterday.
强调时间
It was the day before yesterday that
Tom met me on the street.
强调地点
It was on the street that Tom met me the day before yesterday.
_______________(正是Jefferson 写下了)the Declaration of Independence.
It was Jefferson who wrote
_______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river.
It was because the water had risen that
_______________(人们听见正是Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of night.
It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard
When you badly twist your ankle on the playground, your friends will send you to the hospital nearby, give your parents a call
immediately and take care of you without any complaint.
It is your friends who will send you to the hospital nearby, give your parents a call immediately and take care of you without
any complaint when you badly twist your ankle on the playground.
When you fail in an very important exam, your friend will not only help you pass the exam successfully but also stand right
beside you and encourage you.
When your parents are in a quarrel, your friend will do whatever he can to help comfort you and tell you that no matter what
happens he will support you firmly and constantly.
句式训练－ 倒装句（必杀）
总结:Only + 句首状语
Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术).
did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery.
Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖).
can we conclude the business
Only under special circumstance, such as wedding or celebrations, do we drink wine.
总结：否定副词位于句首
No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了).
than she fell ill.
Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒).
when a knock at the door awakened her
推荐句型
A small city does not have as much excitement as a big city in general.
改：
Seldom/ hardly / scarcely/ does a small
town have as much excitement as a big city.
A new factory would contaminate the living space of most of our city’sinhabitants to some degree.
改：
Seldom can a factory be established without contaminating the living space of our city’s inhabitants to some degree.
二大句式改变
一、more and more
1、More and more people who become more and more fortunate can afford a car.
替换：growing number of / increasingly
The growing number of people who become increasingly rich can now afford a car
2、More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy.
替换：改换句式
There is an increasing demand for teachers with the development of economy.
3、More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years.
替换：on the rise
Teenage smoking is on the rise in recent years.
二、I People We
People throughout the country have greatly demanded all kinds of nutritious foods.
改：
All kinds of nutritious or organic foods are increasingly demanded throughout the country.
People should realize the dreadful consequences of taking up the smoking habit.
改：
Realization to the dreadful consequences of keeping smoking should be a general awareness.
We certainly should make great efforts in our study.
改：
Great efforts are always necessitated in our academic performance.

引出话题
话题的常用词：question, problem, issue
Along with the advance of the society , more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....
随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............
Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.
近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
引出双面态度
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.
然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)
As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....
最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.
______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.
对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。
When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.
俗话说，"·······"。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.
对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....
提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.
When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...
提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
引出单面态度
Some people are of the opinion that..
有些人认为_____________。
Many people claim that...
很多人认为_____________。
A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。
Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。
_______Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.
那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Many people would claim that...
有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
But others hold the view that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward 等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.
不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over 等。
However, some others argue that... 然而，另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.
不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...
另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
引出我的看法
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than...
根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion...
就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)
我认为，优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.
在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...
经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...
如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view..
比较两种观点进行比较，我较同意后一种观点，亦即_________________。
When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to ...
对两种观点进行综合考虑之后，我较认同_________________。
If it is up to me to make a choice between ... and ... I would rather choose ... over...
如果要我在____和____之间进行选择，我宁愿选择_____而不会选择______。
I would have to say that, if I were faced with the decision, I would follow ....
我需要说的是，如果要我抉择，我会____________。
At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to...
虽然可能过于直接，不过，我还是选择____________。
表达不确定的用词：May, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to...
in my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration.
我认为，我们需要考虑下列因素/原因：
There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why...-(as follows).
中间段的展开
And I would like to present two explanations for this:
对于此，我有如下两点愚见：
The reasons are chiefly as follows. 主要原因如下：
There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.
为什么___________，原因很多，在此列举几个较为重要的原因。
The reasons are presented below. 原因如下。
There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.
以下这些是造成这一问题的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意义/明显/至关重要的原因。
This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因) of following points.
这基于以下的原因。
The main reason is that.. 主要原因是_____________。
One very important argument for ..... is that....
_______的非常重要的原因便是____________________。
The reasons are quite clear. Above all, ....
原因非常清楚。首先(首要的是)__________。
The first reason can be seen by every person.
第一个原因其实很明显。
The first and most important reason is that.....
第一个而且最重要的原因是______________。
One of the reasons that are given for....is that....
______________的原因之一是__________________。
Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that.....
也许，原因很简单，亦即_____________________。
One of the premier causes is that(注意用词)
最重要的原因之一便是______________。
At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in one saying.
这个原因可能较简单，不过，我认为可以用一句谚语来概括，________。
We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for .... Is ....
其实有很多原因，不过，造成________的最重要的原因是______________。
It might also be noted that....
需要注意的是，____________。
Another reason why .....(凑字数，但不可滥用) is that....(有利于写长句)
What is also worth noticing is that....
值得一提的是___________________。
There is another factor that deserves some words here.
还有另外一个很重要的原因。
A more essential factor why.... Is that
________ 的更为重要的原因是____________。
A further reason why,,,, is that.....
________的更深层次的原因是____________。
In addition..此外，再者
Moving on to wider themes,_______
展开来说，_________________________。
The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that...
第二个原因也很重要(值得考虑)，亦即__________。
Likewise(同样), common sense tells us that...
同样，___________，这是众所周知的。
The third but very important reason is that...
第三个(尽管不是很重要)原因是______________。
The third, not the last is that,
第三个原因是___________。
The last factor to be taken seriously is...
第三个重要原因是_______________。
Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.
....undoubtedly plays an increasing significant role in modern life.
不容置疑，_______在现代生活中不断显示出起重要性。
With the development of the society, ... is increasingly important.
随着社会的发展，_______变得越来越重要。
The merits of this is obvious...
其好处显而易见。
说明文的结尾
From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...
通过以上的讨论，我们可以得出如下结论，___________。
So, as I see it..
因此，我个人认为，_________。
What we must do is to encourage the strength and diminish the weaknesses to the least extent.
我们必须尽可能发挥其优势，趋吉避凶。
In conclusion, although ... has its negative effects, it can to a great extent bring us more advantages.
总的说来，虽然_______ 有其负面的影响，在很大程度上，其也将给我们带来很多好处。
From what has been discussed above, we can see ... does more harm than good to us. Therefore, I strongly approve of the motion that...
从以上论述可知，_____ 对我们百害而无一利。
"比如"的表达方式：
For example,
For instance,
It can be given a concrete example,
Take ... for an example, it is a very obvious case
There is one impressive example I want to mention here.
Let's see an example.
It is best illustrated if given the following example.
Let me provide an example.
Perhaps the most important example of ...is that...
As I remember,/ I now still remember that.
I will never forget that
To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive.
An instance that accompanies this reason is that...
An example can give the details of this argument, ...
It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of ...
History presented many examples of...
In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example.

四级写作加分句型
~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) ~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）
There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）
There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）
The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）
So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）