一般过去时(复习篇).txt.doc

动词时态 一般过去时（复习巩固篇）　　
必须要背出来的时间状语:
　　1. yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening)
　　2. the day before yesterday
　　3. last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,centeury 世纪）
　　4. ago
　　5.in 1980 (过去年份）
　　6.this morning/afternoon/evening
　　7.when引导的状语从句 （过去）
　　8.in the past
　　9.just now
　　10.the other day -- a few days ago
　　11.at the age of 10 (过去年龄段）
　　12.in the old days

　　动词过去式规则变化
　　1 直接加ed eg：work worked worked
　　2 以不发音的e结尾的，+d eg：live lived lived
　　3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed eg：study stuied stuied
　　4 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed eg： stop stopped stopped
　　不规则变化 见不规则动词表

1． Be 动词的一般过去时态
在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.
构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +宾语
如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了。）
否定句：主语+was (were) +not+宾语
如：We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)
疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+宾语
如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了吗？）
肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。)
否定句： No, I wasn't. (不，我没病。)
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语
如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？

2． 实义动词的一般过去时态
肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.
肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语
如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。）
否定句：主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语
如：I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。)
疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语
如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗？)
肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。)
否定回答：No, I didn't. (不，我没回家。)

3． 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：
shall―should（将要）用于第一人称单数
will―would（将要）用于所有人称
can ?could（能，会） may―might（可以） must―must （必须）
have to―had to（不得不）
助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。
如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。)

4． 一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。
1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如：play―played work―worked
2） 以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like--- liked love―loved
3） 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed. 如：study―studied carry―carried
4） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stop―stopped

5． --ed的读音规则如下：
1） 在清辅音后面读[t]. work―worked [wE:kt] help―helped [helpt]
2） 在浊辅音或元音后读[d]. learn―learned [lE:nd]
3） 在[t] 和[d] 后读[id]. support―supported [sE'pC:tid]支持

6． 不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词。我们常用的有:
am (是) --was, is（是）--was, are（是）--were, begin（开始）--began,
bring（拿来）--brought, can（能）--could, catch（捉住）--caught, come（来）--came,
cut（砍，割）--cut, dig（挖，掘）--dug, do（做，干）--did, draw（画画,拉）--drew,
drink（喝）--drank, drive（驾驶）--drove, eat（吃）--ate, fall（跌倒，落下）--fell,
feel（感觉）--felt, fly（飞）--flew, get（获得）--got, give（给）---gave,
go（去）--went, grow（生长）--grew, have (has)（有）--had, hurt（伤害）--hurt,
keep（保持）--kept, know（知道，认识）--knew, learn（学习）--learnt, leave （离开）--left,
let（让）--let, lie（躺，平放）--lay, make（使得，做）--made, may（可以）--might,
must（必须）--must, read（读）--read, ride （骑）--rode, ring （鸣铃）--rang,
run （跑）--ran, say （说）--said, see （看见）--saw, sell （卖）--sold,
send（送）--sent, set （放）--set, sing（唱歌）--sang, sit （坐）--sat,
sleep （睡觉）--slept, smell（闻）--smelt, speak（说话）--spoke, spend （花费）--spent,
stand （站立）--stood, swim （游泳）--swam, take （拿到）--took, teach（教）--taught,
tell （告诉）--told, think（认为）--thought, throw（投掷）--threw, understand（懂得）--understood,
wake（唤醒）--woke, wear（穿）--wore, will（将要）--would, win（获胜）--won,
write（写） --wrote

巩固小练习：
用所给词的适当形式填空
1．He put the books away and _______ (go) home.
2. The boy is running and ________(tie) his shoes on the playground.
3. My father ________ (buy) a new computer for________(I ) yesterday.
4. He often ________ (go) to school by bike, but last year he often ________ (walk) to school.
5. After she finished _______(pack) everything, she _______(go) to bed.
6. ---- Who ________(wash) the plates on the table ?---- Jenny did.
7. ---- When _______ you _________(see ) the film “ Titanic”?
8. It’s half past eleven now. Jim _______ (have) lunch. He ususlly _____ (have) it at this time.
9. She _________ (write) to Jill last month. She _______ (write) to him next time.
10. The students _________ (stop) talking when their teacher came up.
单句改错：下面每句均有一处错误，指出并加以改正
1. _________ Did you found the answer to this question?
2. _________ Mary and her brother was born on the same day.
3. _________We start this lesson about ten minutes ago.
4._________ She hadn’t anything for breakfast this morning.
5._________They came here for a year.
6.________ Amy singed a song for us at that party.
7. _________ He said he will help me with my English when he was free.
8._________The man saw the bag until it was late.