Unit-3单元易错综合练习-高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题.docx

Unit 3单元易错综合练习
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·湖南·长沙一中高一阶段练习）Important Factors for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
Beijing has made history as the first city in the world to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. Let’s look back on some of the important factors that made the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games so impressive.
The Olympic torch(火炬)
In recognition of Beijing’s status(地位) as the world’s first city to host both the Summer and Winter games, the 2022 Olympic torch featured a similar design to the 2008 Olympic torch by the same color combination and artistic forms. What truly took viewers’ breath away was the moment when torch bearers passed the flame to another during the Olympic Torch Relay. The two Olympic torches locked into each other at the top, which represented fire and ice, symbolizing how it would bring light and warmth to the winter sports scene.
The Olympic mascots(吉祥物)
The Winter Olympic mascot “Bing Dwen Dwen”, a cartoon image of a panda wearing a spacesuit, looks like a winter sports athlete from the future. As a great combination of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit, “Bing Dwen Dwen” has enjoyed wide popularity at home and abroad since its first appearance in 2019. “Hopefully Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history,” said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.
Soon after the announcement of “Bing Dwen Dwen”, Beijing organizers also introduced “Shuey Rhon Rhon” as the mascot of the 2022 Beijing Paralympic(残奥会) Winter Games.
The smart high-speed railway
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continued, the new high-speed railway line connecting the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou began to enter service. By cutting the travel time between the two from three hours to 47 minutes, the bullet train can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, becoming the world’s first smart high-speed railway. So, what makes them “smart”? Well, equipped with 5G signals, intelligent lightning and sensors to collect real-time data and detect any operational problems, the trains can automatically start, stop and adjust to the different speed limits between stations.
1．In what way did the 2022 Olympic torch impress viewers?
A．Its showing up at the top.
B．Its flame-passing moment.
C．Its color combination and artistic forms.
D．Its design similar to that of the 2008 Olympic torch.
2．Why is “Bing Dwen Dwen” so popular?
A．Because it is an athlete wearing a spacesuit.
B．Because it symbolizes the national treasure of China.
C．Because it shows both Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit.
D．Because it has already played an important role in Olympic history.
3．Which statement is NOT correct about the new high-speed railway?
A．It came into service after the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics began.
B．It can greatly cut the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou.
C．It becomes the world's first smart high-speed railway.
D．The new high-speed trains can automatically run.
B
（2022·湖南·长郡中学高一期中）The Olympic spirit is about a lot more than winning medals and setting records. Just look at the story of swimmer Eric Moussambani.
The Equatoguinean found his passion for swimming shortly after high school. Unfortunately, football is far and away the most popular sport in Moussambani’s home country. Living in such a football-crazed country, it was difficult for Moussambani to find a place to train consistently (持续地). Eventually, he found a 13-meter-sized hotel pool that he only had access to three hours a week. On days he could not use the pool, he trained in rivers.
After about eight months of swimming, he gained entry into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a program where the International Olympic Committee gave wild cards to developing nations to promote their sport further. In Sydney, Moussambani saw an Olympic-sized swimming pool for the first time, which was so big that Moussambani said he was “so scared” to compete in it.
The day of the 100m freestyle came. Moussambani made an energetic start in the first 50 meters, but in the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat (漂浮着), so much so that those on the sidelines considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. “It was then that I heard the crowd screaming and shouting, encouraging me to ‘Go, go, go.’ It gave me the strength to finish,” Moussambani said.
Moussambani finished the race with a time of 1：52.72, the slowest recorded time in Olympic history, but the fans did not care, cheering him as if he had broken the world record. “This is what the Olympics are all about,” a commentator said. “The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but taking part. The essential thing in life is not defeating others, but fighting well,” he said.
Moussambani serves as the national swim team coach for Equatorial Guinea now. Gone are the days when Equatoguinean swimmers needed to train in open water. They now have two Olympic-sized swimming pools. Moussambani hopes to grow the sport in his country.
4．Why did Moussambani fail to get proper swimming training?
A．Swimming was not taken seriously in his country.
B．Swimming in rivers appealed to him.
C．He was busy with his schoolwork.
D．He could not afford it.
5．How did Moussambani do in the race?
A．He was too scared to swim. B．He quit at the first sign of trouble.
C．He finished with great difficulty. D．He was pulled out of the water halfway.
6．What did the commentator think of Moussambani?
A．He showed the Olympic spirit. B．He was a talented swimmer.
C．He disappointed his fans. D．He could have fought better.
7．What does Moussambani wish to do now?
A．Build some Olympic-sized swimming pools. B．Promote swimming in his country.
C．Coach the national swim team. D．Win an Olympic medal.
C
（2022·安徽省濉溪中学高一期中）Exercise could not only benefit your body, but also improve your memory, researchers found recently. In their paper published on Monday, researchers from the University of California in the US and the University of Tsukuba in Japan introduced their experiment and conclusion.
Scientists invited 36 volunteers who were in their early 20s to do 10 minutes of light exercise before taking a memory test in which they were shown pictures like broccoli (西兰花) or picnic baskets and asked to recall them later. The same experiment was repeated with the same group of volunteers without exercising. “The memory task was really quite challenging,” said Michael Yassa, co-author of the study and a neuroscientist (神经科学家) at the University of California. “We used trickily similar items to see if they would remember whether it was this exact picnic basket or that picnic basket.”
Researchers also scanned some of the brains of the participants during the experiment. They found that the brains of those who exercised strengthened their ability to remember things. This suggested that just 10 minutes of light exercise like walking, yoga or Tai Chi might increase memory.
As all the volunteers in the experiment were relatively young, researchers are still working to look at the effects of light exercise on older people. “Our future goal is to try to develop an exercise prescription that can be used by older adults who might have disabilities or limited movements, but can still take very simple exercise and be able to, perhaps, put off the reduction of cognitive (认知的) skills slowly,” said Yassa.
8．What is the function of Paragraph 1?
A．To correct a mistake. B．To introduce two universities.
C．To give practical advice. D．To present a research result.
9．Why was the memory task quite challenging according to Yassa?
A．The people in the experiment were disabled. B．The items to be chosen were extremely similar.
C．The time to solve the questions was too limited. D．The questions to be asked were too complicated.
10．What is the underlined word “prescription” probably similar to?
A．Ability. B．Benefit. C．Method. D．Detail.
11．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Exercise Can Improve Older People’s Cognitive Abilities
B．Ten Minutes of Exercise a Day Might Improve Memory
C．Exercise Is Beneficial to Both Young and Old
D．Advantages of Exercising Regularly
D
（2022·四川·成都实外高一阶段练习）Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says, “while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain.”
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies, even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a doctor, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to establish a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.
Older people can develop their brains as well. Columbia University studied a group of seniors who have a short-term memory of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.
12．What is the main idea of this reading?
A．How to exercise.
B．How exercise helps the brain.
C．How to get good scores on a test.
D．How the brain can change.
13．According to the reading, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?
A．Exercise helps make our blood vessels.
B．The brain needs special mental exercise.
C．The more exercise, the bigger the brain is.
D．Physical exercise helps us think better.
14．The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is .
A．three hours per week B．40 hours per week
C．three hours per day D．40 hours per month
15．Why is yoga recommended for seniors?
A．It is easy to remember. B．It can be done in groups.
C．It does not increase the heart rate. D．It includes learning new motions.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2022·湖南·高一期中）Snowkiting, is a unique way of flying kites. You will glide (滑行) on the snow, fly the kite with you, and be pulled along the ground, uphill and even into the air.
____16____ Hang gliding and kite boarding are among them. They’re all extreme sports and you may be injured by a slight mistake and the unpredictable weather while doing these sports. ____17____
Almost all of the extreme sports can be categorized (归类) into three main types; Air, Land and Water. These sports are often popular in young adults. And they’re all very risky.
One reason why people enjoy these sports are that they are not normally played. The athletes have to operate and show their skills in free-flowing natural environment. ____18____
____19____ The athletes are fully exposed to direct danger. They want to push their limits again and again, so they try to control the regular instincts (本能) in the highest pressure scenario (场景) while doing extreme sports. The athletes enjoy the process. When they succeed at last, they will achieve a large amount of satisfaction.
Many people think that all the satisfaction and joy you get from extreme sports is not worthy of the risk. ____20____
A．Many people are tired of boring life in modern times.
B．Actually, there’re lots of kite flying sports.
C．However, that doesn’t change the athletes’ love for the extreme sports.
D．Excitement is another factor in people’s interest for extreme sports.
E．So more and more people will love these extreme sports in the future.
F．Using the law of physics is really important.
G．So why do people like extreme sports?
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2022·辽宁锦州·高一期中）When I was younger, I was very sporty. My dad is a runner who greatly ____21____ me. My great hobby between the ages 11 and 14 was cross-country ___22___. However, when my family ___23___, my new school didn’t pay attention to sports, and had no after-school activities like football or running.
Over the next few years, I ___24___ exercising except during P. E. lessons at school. I was ___25___ that I could eat what I wanted and didn’t put on any weight, so it looked like I was healthy, but in reality I was very ___26___.
When I started university, I decided that I would try and get fit, but by then I was worried about___27___ myself in front of other people. I considered ___28___ running again, yet my housemate tried to practice yoga, so my New Year’s ___29___ was delayed.
Finally, one of my friends____30____ a swimming pool close to my house that she had gone to a few times. Now, I love ____31____, and I find doing laps in the pool very relaxing. Experts say everyone should do 30 minutes of proper ____32____ every day, so I’m starting with an hour three times a week and ____33____ every day. I hope that I will soon start to feel the ____34____ of regular exercise. In the long term, I know it will be very good for me, and ____35____ all sorts of health problems that often occur in later life.
21．A．understood B．created C．discouraged D．influenced
22．A．skiing B．jogging C．running D．driving
23．A．collected B．moved C．saved D．travelled
24．A．tried B．stopped C．enjoyed D．risked
25．A．obvious B．rich C．lucky D．nervous
26．A．unusual B．unlucky C．unconscious D．unfit
27．A．helping B．introducing C．embarrassing D．teaching
28．A．taking in B．holding up C．taking up D．turning out
29．A．resolution B．presen