第五讲(解析版)(外研版).doc

2021年新高二暑假精品课程 之 回顾+夯实+熟练+突破
第五讲 （解析版）
【学习目标】
1．科学回顾梳理高一学年所学所接触的重点难点词汇和短语，句型和句式，借助语篇结构的语言环境夯实基础，熟练把控语篇脉络和词汇记忆，进而实现词汇量的飞跃，且有助于答题技巧的熟练形成。
2．借助宝贵的暑假时间，科学高效迎对新课，新知识，新语言现象，走近高考，从容应对和解决高中英语的基本技能，达到知识，能力和技巧的飞跃和突破。

【梳理重难点】
Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写
1．ordinary　 adj. 普通的；平常的
2．form vi. 形成
3．balance n. 天平；平衡
4．mix v. 混合
→mixture n. 混合物
5．electric adj. 电的；用电的
→electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的
→electricity n. 电
6．conclude vt. 推论出；断定
→conclusion n. 结论
7．aim n. 目标；目的
→aimless adj. 无目的的，没有目标的
8．equip vt. 装备；配备
→equipment n. 设备；装备
9．react vi. (化学) 反应
→reaction n. 反应
10．astonish vt. 使惊讶
→astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的
→astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的；使人惊奇的
→astonishment n. 惊愕
Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记
11．expand vi.　 膨胀
12．stage n. 阶段；时期
13．float vi. 漂浮
14．flame n. 火焰
15．lecture n. 演讲
16．department n. (大学的) 科、系
【梳理重难点】
高频短语——会默写
1．put...in order　 使……有条理
2．add...to... 往……加入……
3．used to 过去(常常) ……
4．in the area of 在……领域
5．be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
6．be supposed to 应当；理应
7．keep...out of 不让……进入；使……避开……
8．go ahead 开始做某事(表示允许)；请用吧

精讲4个考纲单词
conclusion n．结论；结束
[经典例句]From his satisfied expression，we came to the conclusion that he was in favor of the plan.
从他满意的表情我们得出结论，他支持我们的计划。
(1)conclude v． 得出结论；断定，推断出；结束
(2)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion
得出结论
make a conclusion 下结论
in conclusion 最后，作为结论地；总之
①From these facts we can draw some conclusions about how the pyramids were built.从这些事实我们可以得出一些关于金字塔是如何建造的结论。
②In conclusion，I'd like to say that you are the kindest person that I have met.
最后，我想说你是我遇到的最善良的人。
③When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude (conclusion) it with important points.
当小组讨论接近尾声的时候，一定要归纳出重点来。
aim n．目标；目的；对准v.对准目标，打算
[经典例句]Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活中没有目标就如航海没有罗盘。
(1)aimless adj. 无目的的
aimlessly adv. 无目的地
(2)take aim at... 瞄准……
with the aim of 以……为目标；意在……
(3)aim to do sth./at doing sth. 力求做某事
be aimed at(doing) 目的是；旨在
①We celebrated the 70th anniversary of Anti­Japanese War with the aim of achieving peace in the world.我们庆祝抗日战争胜利70 周年是为了实现世界和平。
②They are aiming to reduce(reduce) unemployment by 50% in 2018。
2018年他们正力求使失业人数减少50%。
react vi.(化学)反应；起作用
[经典例句]Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.(牛津词典)
铁与水和空气起化学反应而生成锈。
(1)reaction n． 反应；起作用(常与介词to连用)
(2)react to... 对……作出反应，起反应
react on/upon... 对……产生影响
react against... 反对；反抗
react with... 与……产生化学反应
①Children sometimes react against the thing their parents believe in.
孩子们有时反对他们的父母相信的事情。
②How did Wilson react to your idea？(朗文辞典)
威尔逊对你的想法有什么反应？
③What was the reaction(react) of the public to Mrs.Robinson's decision?
公众对鲁宾逊夫人的决定有什么反应？
balance n．天平，秤；平衡v.平衡；权衡
[经典例句]It's difficult to keep your balance on an icy pavement, so be careful.你很难在结冰的人行道上保持平衡，所以一定要当心。
(1)balanced adj. 均衡的
(2)keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
out of balance 失去平衡
(3)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
①When he was running after his brother，the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall.(2015年湖北高考·多项选择)当这个男孩追赶他弟弟的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。
②You have to balance the advantages of living downtown against the disadvantages.你必须权衡住在市中心的利与弊。

③People have learnt the importance of keeping a balanced (balance) diet to satisfy their nutritional needs.人们已经意识到为了满足营养的需要保持平衡饮食的重要性。
诠释3个核心短语
add...to... 往……加入……
[经典例句]If you find the coffee too strong，add some water to it.
如果你觉得咖啡太浓，就往里面添点水。
(1)add to 增加；增添
add up 把……加起来
add up to 加起来共计/达
(2)add that... 接着说
[图形助记]

used to 过去(常常)……；以前常常
[高考佳句]The girl used to be shy，but is gradually getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
这个女孩以前很害羞，但是正逐渐地在小组活动中变得积极起来，而且更愿意表达自己了。
(1)There used to be... 过去常常有……
(2)be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯 (做) 某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
①He used to stay(stay) up late，but now he is used to going (go)to bed early.
他以前总是熬夜到很晚，但是现在已经习惯早睡了。
②The following simple experiment is used to separate (separate) different liquids.
下面这个简单的实验被用来分离不同的液体。
be supposed to do sth.被认为；应当；理应
[经典例句]What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're supposed to be asleep.
你跑出来干什么呢，汤姆？你该好好睡觉。
(1)be supposed to have done sth.＝ should have done sth.本应该做某事(事实上没做)
(2)suppose＋sb.＋ (to be) ＋ adj./n. 认为某人……
suppose/supposing(that)．.. 假定……；假如……；如果……
①—You are supposed to have taken (take) part in the party in time.
你本应该及时参加聚会。
—Sorry，I was delayed by the accident.
对不起，我因为事故而耽搁了。
②Suppose/Supposing (suppose) there is no pure water；what shall we drink?
假设没有纯净的水，我们喝什么？
突破1个高考句型
(教材P44)It is hard to think of a world without metals.
很难想象一个没有金属的世界(是什么样子)。
本句属于“It is＋形容词＋不定式”句式。其中it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。
Sometimes it may be helpful to use examples to explain abstract concepts.
有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。
It作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It is＋adj.＋ (for/of sb.) to do sth.
(2)It is＋adj./n.＋that从句
(3)It is no good/use doing sth.做某事是没有好处/用的
基础考点全面练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．While you can't control how others will react to your embarrassing moment，you can control how you will react.
2．As far as I am concerned，the government is supposed to take (take) effective measures to prevent the haze from getting worse.
3．We all know that a balanced (balance) diet is of great importance to our health.
4．Her astonished (astonish) expression suggested that she hadn't expected that result.
5．It was careless of him to leave (leave) his umbrella in the store.
重难考点多维练
1．conclusion面面观
(1)单句语法填空
①There were perhaps two main conclusions (conclude) to be drawn from the above discussion.
② In conclusion, friendship provides a sense of belonging and comfort.

2．aim万花筒
单句语法填空
①Aimed(aim)at improving the level of English, English Corner is held once a week.
②The visit was aimed at developing(develop) relations between the two countries.
③Some students even have no idea of why they are studying, so they are aimless (aim) most of the time.

Ⅱ.高考话题微写作
根据提示运用本模块所学知识完成下面小作文，并背诵成文。
1．杰克过去对化学不感兴趣，但是他的父母认为他应该学好化学。(used to；be supposed to)
2．在一节实验课上，通过观察物质之间的反应，他改变了许多。(reaction；substance)
3．他越学化学，觉得就越有兴趣。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)
4．他现在的目标是成为一名化学家，在化学领域有所突破。(aim；in the area of)
5．他的父母为他感到自豪。(be proud of)

【参考范文】
Jack used not to be interested in chemistry，but his parents thought he was supposed to learn chemistry well.In a lesson in a lab，after he observed the reaction of substances，he changed a lot.The more he learned chemistry，the more interested he was in it.Now his aim is to be a chemist and make a breakthrough in the area of chemistry.His parents are proud of him.