Unit-3-Sports-and-Fitness第1课时-Listening-and(解析版).docx

Unit 3 listening and speaking习题检测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．（2023春·高一课时练习）Mr. Lee (host) the reception tomorrow.
【答案】will host
【详解】考查时态。句意：李先生将主持明天的招待会。根据时间状语tomorrow可知，句子描述将来的一般情况，应用一般将来时，即will host。故填will host。
2．（2023春·高一课时练习）It makes sense to work the problem of smog before it gets out of control.
【答案】out
【详解】考查介词。句意：在雾霾问题失控之前解决它是有道理的。结合语意可知，空处应用介词out，构成固定短语work out，表示“解决”，符合题意。故填out。
3．（2023春·高一课时练习）His proposal is that a new (track) system be developed.
【答案】tracking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的建议是开发一种新的跟踪系统。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作定语，再分析句意可知，track和system之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填tracking。
4．（2023·全国·高一假期作业）Physical (fit)has now become an important element in our lives.
【答案】fitness
【详解】考查名词。句意：身体健康现在成为了我们生活中一个重要的元素。作主语，应用名词fitness，为不可数名词。故填fitness。
5．（2023春·高一单元测试）The two fighters will meet next week for the (拳击) championships.
【答案】boxing
【详解】考查名词。句意：这两位拳手将于下周举行拳击锦标赛。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，名词boxing符合题意，作定语，修饰名词championships。故填boxing。
6．（2023秋·高一课时练习）All the (event) described in this story are imaginary.
【答案】events
【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：这个故事中所描述的所有事件都是虚构的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，用名词，event为可数名词，结合前面的all及后面的be动词are可知，此处应用复数形式。故填events。
7．（2023·高一课时练习）No matter what difficulty, we should try to overcome it with courage and (determine).
【答案】determination
【详解】考查名词。句意：无论遇到什么困难，我们都要用勇气和决心去克服它。在介词with后应用名词determination表示“决心”作宾语。故填determination。
8．（2023·高一课时练习）Turn to a page in your journal to your list of (strong) and achievements.
【答案】strengths
【详解】考查名词。句意：在日记中翻一页列出你的优点和成就。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处与achievements是并列宾语，应用名词strength“优点”，是可数名词，前无限定词，应用名词复数形式，表泛指。故填strengths。
9．（2023·高一课时练习）I feel it (honour) to have a chance to go abroad for further study next year.
【答案】honoured
【详解】考查形容词。句意：明年有机会出国深造，我感到很荣幸。分析句子，设空处使用honour的形容词honoured作宾补结构，意为“光荣的”，句中feel it honoured to do sth为固定短语，意为“为做某事感到荣幸”。故填honoured。
10．（2023·高一课时练习）My friends and I went to the football match last night and we had good time there.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：我和我的朋友昨晚去看足球比赛，我们在那里玩得很开心。句中have a good time为固定短语，意为“玩得开心”。故填a。
11．（2023·高一课时练习）Collecting stamps as a hobby (become) increasingly popular during the past fifty years.
【答案】has become
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的五十年里，集邮作为一种爱好越来越受欢迎。根据时间状语during the past fifty years可知，用现在完成时。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。根据句意，故填has become。
12．（2023·高一课时练习）As a teenager, it is important (develop) a good eating habit and take regular exercise.
【答案】to develop
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为青少年，养成良好的饮食习惯和经常锻炼是很重要的。此处用不定式做真正的主语。故填to develop。
13．（2023·高一课时练习）If you want to sell your car, why not (put) an advertisement in the local paper?
【答案】put
【详解】考查固定句式。句意：如果你想卖你的车，为什么不在当地报纸上登个广告呢？why not do...?表示“为什么不做……?”，用于给对方提出建议。故填put。
14．（2023·高一课时练习）The police have been keeping track the underground organization for two years.
【答案】of
【详解】考查介词。句意：两年来警方一直在了解那个地下组织的动向。keep track of...意为“了解……的动态”，固定搭配。故填of。
15．（2023·高一课时练习）Over the past years, we have got used to (wear) masks and (show) our health QR codes wherever we went.
【答案】 wearing showing
【详解】考查固定用法。句意：这些年来，我们已经习惯了戴着口罩，走到哪里都要出示健康二维码。get used to (doing) sth.意为“习惯于(做)某事”，为固定用法。分析句子结构可知，前后两空由and连接，并列作介词to的宾语，故空处分别填wearing和showing。故分别填wearing；showing。
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
16．（2023春·高一单元测试）This sports meet is (主办) by the company next to our school.
【答案】hosted
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这次运动会是由我们学校隔壁的公司主办的。表示“主办”应用动词host。根据“by the company next to our school”和句意可知，此处应用被动语态，空前有is。故填hosted。
17．（2023春·高一课时练习）On April 13, China’s women’s (足球) team won a ticket to this summer’s Tokyo Olympics.
【答案】soccer
【详解】考查名词。句意：4月13日，中国女足赢得了今夏东京奥运会的入场券。根据汉语提示可知应用名词soccer，作定语修饰名词team。故填soccer。
18．（2020秋·广东梅州·高一校联考期中）The important (事件) of the week was the big storm.
【答案】event
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个星期的大事是那场大风暴。形容词important后接名词形式，在句中作主语。“事件”英文为event，根据谓语动词was可知，用名词的单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填event。
19．（2022秋·广东梅州·高一校考期中）We followed the bear’s (足迹) in the snow.
【答案】tracks
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们沿着雪地里熊的脚印走。名词track“足迹”为可数名词，根据句中“We followed the bear’s”及“in the snow”可知，这里为复数含义，故填tracks。
20．（2022秋·广东梅州·高一校考期中）Our school has built a new (健身房).
【答案】gym
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校已经修建了一个新的健身房。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，该空作 build的宾语，设空处应为名词，设空处前为不定冠词a，设空处应为名词的单数形式。结合汉语提示，故填gym。
21．（2023秋·福建泉州·高一福建省泉州市泉港区第一中学校考期中）“No (汗水), no sweet” is similar to “No pains, no gains” in meaning.
【答案】sweat
【详解】考查名词。句意：“不劳则无获”和“一份耕耘一份收获”意思类似。根据汉语提示可知，sweat汗水，不可数名词。故填sweat。
22．（2023·高一课时练习）Unlike her classmates, she played (羽毛球) and basketball most of the time in the summer vacation.
【答案】badminton
【详解】考查名词。句意：不像她的同学，她在暑假的大部分时间都在打羽毛球和篮球。根据汉语提示可知，badminton羽毛球，在句中作宾语。故填badminton。
23．（2023·高一课时练习）Led by the (队长), the young players worked together and beat the opponent.
【答案】captain
【详解】考查名词。句意：在队长的带领下，年轻队员们齐心协力，打败了对手。分析句子机构可知，空前是介词by，所以空处应填名词作介词by的宾语，根据所给中文提示词，应是captain意为“队长”。故填captain。
24．（2023·高一课时练习）In the Olympic Games, the players not only win (奖牌) but also glory for their countries.
【答案】medals
【详解】考查名词。句意：在奥运会上，运动员不仅赢得奖牌，而且为他们的国家争光。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语。表示“奖牌”用medal，结合主语players为复数可知，奖牌不止一个，应用复数形式。故填medals。
25．（2023·高一课时练习）The (冠军) of the speech contest will be awarded with a prize of 1,000 dollars.
【答案】champion
【详解】考查名词。句意：演讲比赛的冠军将获得1000美元的奖金。根据汉语提示，表示“冠军”含义的词为champion，根据空白处前面的冠词可知空白处应填名词，故填champion。

三、（2023春·全国·高一专题练习）用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式完成句子
partner; geometry; automatic; work out; reflect on; brush up; be based on; end up; in short; at the heart of
26．I feel that is a difficult subject.
27．Breathing is an function of the body.
28．I’ve your share of the expense at $10.
29．Our customers are everything we do.
30．As people get older, they will the past.
31．Spain has been one of Cuba’s major trading .
32．He on some language points before the exam.
33．Science fiction is a type of writing that fantasy.
34．At first he refused to admit his fault but apologising.
35．He hoped for greater trust between the two nations, more trade, more cultural exchanges— , a lasting peace.

【答案】
26．geometry 27．automatic 28．worked out 29．at the heart of 30．reflect on 31．partners 32．brushed up 33．is based on 34．ended up 35．in short

【解析】26．考查名词。句意：我感觉到了几何学是一门很难的学科。根据句中“a difficult subject”可知，空处应填学科名词，geometry“几何学”，符合题意，故填geometry。
27．考查形容词。句意：呼吸是身体的一种自动功能。空处在句中为定语，修饰名词“function”，结合句意可知，呼吸是身体自有的一项功能，是一个自动化的过程，因此空处应填“自动的”，形容词automatic“自动的”，符合题意，故填automatic。
28．考查短语和时态。句意：我算出你应分担的费用是10美元。根据句中“your share of the expense at $10”可知，空处的内容为“计算出”，短语：work out“计算出”，符合题意，同时结合空前have可知，句子的时态为现在完成时，故填worked out。
29．考查短语。句意：我们的客户是我们所做一切的核心。根据句意可知，顾客是我们一切工作的核心。短语：at the heart of“以……为核心”，符合题意，故填at the heart of。
30．考查短语。句意：随着年龄的增长，人们会反思过去。结合句意可知，空处应填“反思”含义，短语：reflect on“反思，回忆”符合题意，结合空前will，所以空处动词用原形。故填reflect on。
31．考查名词复数。句意：西班牙一直是古巴的主要贸易伙伴之一。one of + 名词复数，意为“……之一”，结合句中“major trading”可知，此处填partners，trading partner“贸易伙伴”，故填partners。
32．考查时态和短语。句意：他在考试前温习了一些语言知识点。根据句中“some language points before the exam”可知，这里指考试前温习了一些语言知识点，短语：brush up on“复习，温习”，结合句意可知，句子讲述的为过去发生的事情，所以时态用一般过去时，根据英文提示，故填brushed up。
33．考查短语。句意：科幻小说是一种以幻想为基础的作品。结合句意可知，空处的内容为“根据”含义，短语：be based on“以……为根据/基础”，符合题意。分析句子，空处为that引导的定语从句的谓语，关系代词that指代先行词“a type of writing”，为单数含义，同时结合主句系动词is，所以空处的时态为一般现在时，be用is，故填is based on。
34．考查短语和时态。句意：起初，他拒绝承认自己的错误，但最后还是道歉了。根据句中“At first he refused to admit his fault ”可知，此处为最终道了歉。短语：end up“结果为，最终”符合题意，分析可知，but在句中为并列连词，其后的句子省略了句子主语he，所以空处的时态和前一个句子谓语“refused”保持一致，用一般过去时。故填ended up。
35．考查短语。句意：他希望两国之间有更大的信任，更多的贸易，更多的文化交流——简而言之，持久的和平。分析可知，破折号后的内容为对前文内容的总结，短语：in short“总而言之”，起总结作用，符合题意，故填in short。
四、阅读理解
A
（2023春·福建福州·高一福建省福清第一中学校联考期末）Though diet and exercise are recommended as ways to improve health, new UCR research is the first to examine the long-lasting, combined effects of both factors when they are experienced early in life. “Any time you go to a doctor with concerns about your weight, almost without fail, the doctor recommends that you exercise and eat less, ”said researcher Marcell Cadney. “That’s why it’s surprising most studies only look at diet or exercise separately. In this study, we wanted to include both,” he said.
The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass. When fed Western-style diets high in fat and sugar, the mice not only became fatter, but also grew into adults that preferred unhealthy food.
To obtain the findings, the researchers divided the young mice into four groups—those with access to exercise, those without access, those fed a standard, healthy diet and those who ate a Western diet. Mice started on their diets immediately after weaning(断奶), and continued with them for three weeks until they reached adulthood. After an additional eight weeks of “washout”, during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet, the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.
One of those they measured, leptin, is produced by fat cells. It helps control bodyweight by increasing energy consumption and signaling that less food is required. Early-life exercise increased adult leptin levels in adult mice, regardless of the diet they ate.
Previously, the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome(微生物群) for life, even if they later eat healthier. Going forward, the team plans to study whether fat or sugar is more responsible for the negative effects they measured in Western-diet-fed mice.
This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits. “Our findings may be related to understanding the potential effects of activity reductions and dietary changes associated with overweight,” said Marcell.
36．What is special about the new UCR research?
A．It takes both exercise and diet into account.
B．It is the first to study the effect of exercise.
C．It finds the relation between health and diet.
D．It gives equal importance to physical and mental health.
37．What may early-life exercise contribute to?
A．Stronger bones. B．A desire for healthy food.
C．A peaceful mind. D．The various microbiome for life.
38．What is mainly discussed about the research in Paragraph 3?
A．Its process. B．Its importance. C．Its objective. D．Its results.
39．The underlined word “leptin” in Paragraph 4 refers to a type of ________.
A．Behavior. B．Mouse. C．Diet. D．Hormone.
40．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A．It’s never too late to make a change.
B．Early-life health habits matter.
C．A healthy body leads to a healthy mind.
D．Dietary habits make a difference to children’s behavior.
【答案】36．A 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，早年的锻炼可以减少焦虑行为，增加成年后的肌肉和大脑质量，而从小吃高脂肪和高糖西餐的人不仅会变胖，而且长大后也更喜欢不健康食物。这项研究为孩子习惯的健康干涉提供了很好的机会。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘That’s why it’s surprising most studies only look at diet or exercise separately. In this study, we wanted to include both,’ he said.(他说：‘这就是为什么令人惊讶地大多数研究只单独研究饮食或锻炼。在这项研究中，我们希望将两者都包括在内。’)”可知，这项研究的特别之处在于它同时考虑了锻炼和饮食。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The researchers found that early-life exercise led to reduced anxious behaviors and an increase in adult muscle and brain mass.(研究人员发现，早年的运动会减少焦虑行为，增加成年小鼠的肌肉和大脑质量。)”可知，早年的运动会减少焦虑行为，由此可推测出，这对心理健康有好处，会让人有助于拥有平和的心态。故选C。
38．段落大意题。根据第三段中的“To obtain the findings, the researchers divided the young mice into four groups—those with access to exercise, those without access, those fed a standard, healthy diet and those who ate a Western diet.(为了获得这些发现，研究人员将这些幼鼠分为四组，一组可以锻炼，一组不能锻炼，一组吃标准健康饮食和一组吃西方饮食的小鼠。)”可知，研究人员将幼鼠分成四组进行研究。接下来“Mice started on their diets immediately after weaning(断奶), and continued with them for three weeks until they reached adulthood. After an additional eight weeks of ‘washout’, during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet, the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.(小鼠断奶后立即开始这种饮食，并持续三周，直到成年。在又进行了八周的‘取消活动’后，在这期间所有的老鼠都被安置在没有轮子和健康饮食的地方，研究人员进行了行为分析，并测量了几种不同激素的水平。)”讲述了研究人员具体的研究过程。由此可推测出。本段主要讲述的是研究的过程。故选A。
39．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“After an additional eight weeks of ‘washout’, during which all mice were housed without wheels and on a healthy diet, the researchers did a behavioral analysis and measured levels of several different hormones.(在又进行了八周的‘取消活动’后，在这期间所有的老鼠都被安置在没有轮子和健康饮食的地方，研究人员进行了行为分析，并测量了几种不同激素的水平。)”，画线词所在句中的“One of those they measured”指的是上文的“several different hormones”，所以可推测出leptin是一种激素。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Previously, the research team found that eating too much fat and sugar as a child can change the microbiome(微生物群) for life, even if they later eat healthier.(此前，研究团队发现，小时候摄入过多的脂肪和糖会终身改变微生物群，即使他们后来吃得更健康。)”可知，小时候摄入过多的脂肪和糖会影响身体一辈子。结合最后一段中的“This study offers great opportunities for health interventions in childhood habits.(这项研究为儿童习惯的健康干预提供了很好的机会。)”可知，要对儿童的习惯进行健康方面的干预。由此可推测出，早年的健康习惯是非常重要的。故选B。
B
（2023春·江西宜春·高一江西省宜丰中学校考期末）From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves.
Hugh Lyon and David Lawrence, who are roughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding together for years. The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw—a bike with a passenger seat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides. They go for rides about once a week often discussing the history of their town.
“Despite my deceased parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation,” said Lawrence “and I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.”
The pair have formed a friendship outside of cycling. Lawrence said he calls Lyon often and goes to the gym with him to help him with exercises he can’t do on his own.
Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News. “In my friendships—and the ability to form new relationships at any age—are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.”
John Boettner started the Santa Barbara chapter. He has one rule for passengers. “They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride?’ I say, ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked. He said he likes when they hit red lights, because it gives them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said, “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.”
41．What did Lawrence benefit from Cycling Without Age?
A．Picking up forgotten stories. B．Improving his health condition.
C．Understanding his parents’ love. D．Creating a re